Health Services Research Methods

505 Pages·8.676 MB·English

by  Shi L.

Health Services
Research Methods
Second Edition
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Health Services
Research Methods
Second Edition
Leiyu Shi, Dr.PH., MBA, MPA
Professor, Johns Hopkins University
Bloomberg School of Public Health
Baltimore, Maryland
Australia Brazil Canada Mexico Singapore Spain
United Kingdom United States
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Health Services Research Methods, Second Edition
by Leiyu Shi, Dr.PH., MBA, MPA
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CONTENTS
PREFACE xi
CHAPTER 1 Scientifi c Foundations of Health
Services Research 1
Key Terms 1
Learning Objectives 2
The Nature of Scientifi c Inquiry 2
The Process of Theory Construction 10
Health Services Research 21
The Process of Health Services Research 34
Summary 40
Review Questions 40
References 41
CHAPTER 2 Conceptualizing Health Services
Research 44
Key Terms 44
Learning Objectives 44
The Conceptualization Stage 45
The Field of Health Services 56
Summary 69
Review Questions 70
References 70
CHAPTER 3 Groundwork in Health Services
Research 74
Key Terms 74
Learning Objectives 74
Data Sources 75
Funding Sources 86
v
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
v vii Contents
The Research Proposal 88
Organizational and Administrative Issues 103
Summary 105
Review Questions 105
References 105
CHAPTER 4 Research Review 106
Key Terms 106
Learning Objectives 106
Defi nition 107
Process 108
Strengths and Weaknesses 125
Summary 126
Review Questions 126
References 127
CHAPTER 5 Secondary Analysis 129
Key Terms 129
Learning Objectives 129
Defi nition 130
Types 130
Strengths and Weaknesses 138
Summary 140
Review Questions 141
References 141
CHAPTER 6 Qualitative Research 142
Key Terms 142
Learning Objectives 142
Purpose 143
Defi nition 144
Types 147
Process 151
Strengths and Weaknesses 160
Summary 161
Review Questions 162
References 162
CHAPTER 7 Experimental Research 164
Key Terms 164
Learning Objectives 164
Purpose 165
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Contents vii
Defi nition 165
Types 170
Validity Threats 173
Designs and Threats to Validity 176
Strengths and Weaknesses 185
Summary 186
Review Questions 187
References 187
CHAPTER 8 Survey Research 189
Key Terms 189
Learning Objectives 189
Purpose 189
Defi nition 190
Process 194
Strengths and Weaknesses 206
Summary 208
Review Questions 208
References 208
CHAPTER 9 Evaluation Research 210
Key Terms 210
Learning Objectives 210
Purpose 211
Defi nition 212
Types 213
Process 221
Strengths and Weaknesses 241
Summary 242
Review Questions 242
References 243
CHAPTER 10 Design in Health Services Research 247
Key Terms 247
Learning Objectives 247
Purpose 247
Considerations in Designing a Study 248
Characteristics of Research Methods 252
Choosing Appropriate Research Methods 260
Summary 263
Review Questions 264
References 264
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
v viiiiii Contents
CHAPTER 11 Sampling in Health Services Research 265
Key Terms 265
Learning Objectives 265
Defi nition 266
Probability Sampling 270
Nonprobability Sampling 278
Sample Size Determination 279
Summary 286
Review Questions 286
References 287
CHAPTER 12 Measurements in Health Services
Research 288
Key Terms 288
Learning Objectives 288
Defi nition 289
Levels of Measurement 292
Measurement Errors 294
Validity and Reliability of Measurement 295
Research Instrument Design 300
Summary 321
Review Questions 321
References 321
CHAPTER 13 Data Collection and Processing in
Health Services Research 323
Key Terms 323
Learning Objectives 323
Defi nition 324
Comparisons 327
Improving Response Rates 338
Questionnaire Coding 343
Data Entry 350
Summary 352
Review Questions 353
References 353
CHAPTER 14 Statistical Analysis in Health
Services Research 355
Key Terms 355
Learning Objectives 355
Data Exploration 357
Univariate Analysis 358
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Contents ix
Multivariate Analysis 375
Summary 388
Review Questions 388
References 389
CHAPTER 15 Applying Health Services Research 391
Learning Objectives 391
Communicating Health Services Research 392
Publishing Health Services Research 395
Implementing Health Services Research 400
Training Health Services Researchers 404
Summary 410
Review Questions 410
Capstone Assignment 411
References 411
APPENDIX 1 Health Services Research:
Selected Journals 413
APPENDIX 2 Selected Health Services—Related
Professional Associations 417
APPENDIX 3 Funding Sources 418
APPENDIX 4 Public Health Service Grant
Application Forms 420
APPENDIX 5 Table of Random Numbers 442
GLOSSARY 443
INDEX 465
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.