Health effects of tea and its catechins

127 Pages·2004·15.72 MB·English

by  Yukiaki Kuroda

Health Effects of Tea
and Its Catechins
Health Effects of Tea
and Its Catechins
Yukiaki Kuroda
National Institute of Genetics
Shizuoka, Japan
and
Yukihiko Hara
Tokyo Food Techno Co., Ltd.
Tokyo, Japan
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
ISBN 978-1-4419-3431-4 ISBN 978-1-4757-5390-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-5390-5
©2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York in 2004
Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 2004
http://www.wkap.nl/
10987654321
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DEDICATION
The authors gratefully and respectfully dedicate this volume to Dr. Tsuneo Kada.
Tsuneo Kada was born in Tokyo in 1927 and received his undergraduate degree
from the University of Tokyo in 1950 and his doctorate in Natural Sciences from
University of Paris in 1963 for studies on the mechanism of mutation induction by X-rays
and ultraviolet light in Escherichia coli. He came back to Japan in 1967 and served as
Professor in the National Institute of Genetics, Mishima.
He has promoted the active studies on the genetic mechanisms of mutation induction
by radiation and chemicals using bacteria, experimental animals to cultured mammalian
cells. He will long be remembered for the numerous scientific contributions (32 books
and 288 papers), including the development of the widely used "rec-assay" method to
detect the new mutagens easily. He was one of the pioneer in the area of studies on
antimutagenesis and anticarcinogenesis in the world.
In 1985 Tsuneo Kada's group involving Hara discovered an inhibitory activity of
green tea against spontaneous mutations in Bacillus subtilis , and found that the effective
substance in green tea was four catechins involving epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg).
He received many prizes including the Japan Agriculture Prize, the Yomiuri
Agriculture Prize, etc. He died in November in 1986.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This volume is an English version of "Why is tea beneficial to human health ---the
secret of catechin power ---" written by the same authors originally published in Japanese
from the Shokabo Publishing Co., Ltd, Tokyo. The authors express their gratitude for
giving the permission to publish this English version.
The authors are grateful to many scientists in the Food Research Institute of
Mitsui-Norin .Co., Ltd., Fujieda, Shizuoka, for providing many useful research results
cited in this volume.
The authors also wish to express their appreciation to Doctor Delbert M. Shankel,
Professor of Microbiology and Chancellor Emeritus, University of Kansas, for his
continued interest and kind suggestions in the initial manuscript. The authors are
indebted to Ms. Andrea Kay Suzuki for her contribution and helpful suggestions in
preparing the manuscript. Special thanks are expressed to Miss Yuko Takada, for her
technical assistance in preparing the manuscript.
1. VARIOUS KINDS OF GREEN TEA
GYOKURO
SENeRA
BANCHA
2. HOME LAND OF GREEN TEA
TEA FIELD
MANUAL TEA PROCESSING
A GARDEN IN OCHA-NO-SATO
(tea museum)
3. BACTERIOCIDAL EFFECT OF TEA IN THE
FORMATION OF DENTAL CARIES
DENTAL CARIES FORMED BY BACTERIA AFTER ADDITION OF BLACK TEA.CATECHINS
4. PREVENTION OF DISCOLORATION OF FOODS
DRIED HORSe-MACKEREL FILLETS SALMON STEAKES
PREVENTION OF DISCOLORATIO lORA GE JUICE
(EXPOSED TO LIGHT FOR I MO fH)
$PRA YEO BY CATllCHJN
After ~Iposure 10 light for I Qloolb
S. FOOD AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF TEA
CATECHINS
CATECHI CAP ULE CATECHIN CANDY
CATECHIN EGGS CATECHIN FILTER
I AIR STERILIZER
CONTENTS
1. GREEN TEA IN JAPAN .............................................................................................. 1
1. 1. WHERE DID GREEN TEA ORIGIINA TE?.. ................................................... .!
1. 2. BUDDHISM AND GREEN TEA ........................................................................ 3
1. 3. GREEN TEA IN FEUDAL TIMES .................................................................... .4
1. 4. EST ABUSHMENT OF THE TEA CEREMONY .............................................. 5
1. 5. GREEN TEA AND JAPANESE PEOPLE ......................................................... 6
1. 6. PRESENT STATE OF GREEN TEA IN JAPAN ............................................... 8
APPENDIX 1 GREEN TEA, BLACK TEA AND OOLONG TEA ............................ 9
2. PREVENTIVE EFFECTS OF TEA AGAINST HUMAN DISEASES ................ 11
2. 1. TEA IS EFFECTIVE AGAINST MANY DISEASES ....................................... 11
2.2. PREVENTION AGAINST CARCINOGENESIS .............................................. 12
2.2. 1 The main cause of death in Japan ............................................................ 12
2. 2. 2. The mechanisms of carcinogenesis ......................................................... 13
2.2.3. Carcinogenic process in normal cells ...................................................... 15
2.2.4. Carcinogens present in environment ...................................................... 18
2.2.5. Carcinogens present in food materials .................................................... 20
2.2.6. Anticarcinogens present in food materials .............................................. 23
2.2.7. Tea drinking and stomach cancer ............................................................ 25
2. 2. 8. Tea ceremony instructors and tea .......................................................... 28
2. 2. 9. Antimutagenic activity of tea .................................................................. 28
2. 2. 10. Anticarcinogenic activity of tea .............................................................. 30
2. 2. 11. Programming cell death (Apoptosis) induced by tea ............................. 36
2. 2. 12. Inhibition of angiogenesis by tea ............................................................. 36
2. 2. 13. Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori growth by tea ...................................... 37
2.2. 14. Clinical chemopreventive trials with tea catechins ................................. 38
ix