Head and Neck Cancer

635 Pages·16.659 MB·English

by  Ward E.

Head and neck cancer
Treatment, Rehabilitation, and Outcomes
Second Edition

Head and neck cancer
Treatment, Rehabilitation, and Outcomes
Second Edition
Elizabeth C. Ward, BSpThy (Hons), Grad.Cert.Ed, PhD
Corina J. van As-Brooks, SLP, PhD, MBA
5521 Ruffin Road
San Diego, CA 92123
e-mail: [email protected]
Website: http://www.pluralpublishing.com
Copyright © by Plural Publishing, Inc. 2014
Typeset in 10/13 Garamond Book by Flanagan’s Publishing Services, Inc.
Printed in Korea by Four Colour Print Group
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NOTICE TO THE READER
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the indications, procedures, drug dosages, and diagnosis and remediation
protocols presented in this book and to ensure that they conform to the practices of the general medical and health services
communities. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences
from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency,
completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. The diagnostic and remediation protocols and the medications
described do not necessarily have specific approval by the Food and Drug administration for use in the disorders and/or
diseases and dosages for which they are recommended. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the
professional responsibility of the practitioner. Because standards of practice and usage change, it is the responsibility of the
practitioner to keep abreast of revised recommendations, dosages, and procedures.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Head and neck cancer (Ward)
Head and neck cancer : treatment, rehabilitation, and outcomes / [edited by] Elizabeth C. Ward, Corina J. van
As-Brooks. — Second edition.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-59756-567-7 (alk. paper) — ISBN 1-59756-567-9 (alk. paper)
I. Ward, Elizabeth C., Dr., editor. II. As-Brooks, Corina J. van., editor. III. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Head and Neck Neoplasms — therapy. 2. Deglutition Disorders — rehabilitation. 3. Larynx, Artificial.
4. Speech Disorders — rehabilitation. 5. Speech, Alaryngeal. 6. Treatment Outcome. WE 707]
RC280.H4
616.99'491 — dc23
2014005091
contents
DVD Contents vii
Preface ix
Acknowledgments x
About the Editors xi
Contributors xiii
1
Cancer of the Head and Neck 1
Nicholas A. Saunders, William B. Coman, and Alexander D. Guminski
2
Evaluating the Impact of Cancer of the Head and Neck 29
Irma M. Verdonck-de Leeuw, Rico N. P. M. Rinkel, and C. René Leemans
3
Radiation and Chemotherapy 63
Lyndell E. Kelly
4
Oral, Oropharyngeal, and Nasopharyngeal Cancer: Intervention Approaches 103
I. Bing Tan, Sharon D. Stoker, and Ludwig E. Smeele
5
Speech and Swallowing Following Oral, Oropharyngeal, and 121
Nasopharyngeal Cancers
Cathy L. Lazarus, Laurelie R. Wall, Elizabeth C. Ward, and Edwin M. Yiu
6
Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancer: Intervention Approaches 151
Alfons J. M. Balm
7
Speech and Swallowing Following Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancer 173
Kylie A. Perkins, Kelli L. Hancock, and Elizabeth C. Ward
8
Management of the Patient With a Tracheostomy 241
Hans Bogaardt, Katrina M. Jensen, and Elizabeth C. Ward
9
Nonsurgical Voice Restoration Following Total Laryngectomy 263
Jeff P. Searl and I. Susan Reeves
10
Prosthetic Tracheoesophageal Voice Restoration Following Total 301
Laryngectomy
Corina J. van As-Brooks and Dennis P. Fuller
11
Swallowing Rehabilitation Following Total Laryngectomy 343
Elizabeth C. Ward, Sophie M. Kerle, Kelli L. Hancock, and Kylie A. Perkins
12
Stoma Care and Appliances 375
Elizabeth C. Ward, Lynn M. Acton, and Ann-Louise Spurgin
vi HEAD AnD nECk CAnCEr: TrEATmEnT, rEHAbiliTATion, AnD ouTComES
13
Pulmonary Function and Rehabilitation 401
Frans J. M. Hilgers, Cindy van den Boer, Michiel W. M. van den Brekel,
and Sara H. Muller
14
Rehabilitation of Olfaction and Taste Following Total Laryngectomy 421
Corina J. van As-Brooks, Caterina A. Finizia, Sophie M. Kerle, and Elizabeth C. Ward
15
Patient Support and Multidisciplinary Management 447
Nadine R. Lawson and Elizabeth C. Ward
16
Nutrition Intervention in Head and Neck Cancer 493
Nicole K. Kiss and Elisabeth A. Isenring
17
Associated Morbidities Affecting Quality of Life in Patients Treated with 507
Head and Neck Cancer
Amanda Purcell and Jane Turner
18
Managing Survivorship: Issues for the Patient and Carer 525
Bena Cartmill, Rebecca L. Nund, and Elizabeth C. Ward
19
Supporting Head and Neck Cancer Management: Use of Technology 541
Clare L. Burns, Anne J. Hill, and Elizabeth C. Ward
20
Management of Head and Neck Cancer: An International Perspective 569
Elizabeth C. Ward, Robyn A. Burnett, Ann-Louise Spurgin, Annette M. Kelly,
Julie A. G. Stierwalt, Kimberly R. Wilson, Edwin M. Yiu, and Lisette van der Molen
index 593
dVd contents
Chapter 5. Speech and Swallowing Following Supracricoid VFSS at 8 Weeks
Oral, Oropharyngeal, and Nasopharyngeal Supracricoid FEES at 10 Weeks — Aspiration
Cancers Saliva
Videos Supracricoid VFSS at 12 Weeks
Conversational Speech — Oral Cancer Patient Supracricoid Voice
Tongue Range of Motion
Chapter 9. Nonsurgical Voice Restoration
VFSS/FEES
Following Total Laryngectomy
Partial Tongue Resection
Inhalation Method
ChemoRT Example 1
Videos
ChemoRT Example 2
Inhalation Method
Post Chemoradiotherapy — Aspiration
Consonant Injection Method
Double Swallow With Breath Hold
Press Maneuver
Chapter 7. Speech and Swallowing Following Esophageal Speaker Demos for Education
Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancer Indirect Instruction
Audio Distractors
Hemilaryngectomy — Sustained Vowel Pneumatic Artificial Larynx
Hemilaryngectomy — Connected Speech Neck Type EL Users
Supracricoid — Sustained Vowel Intraoral EL Users
Supracricoid — Connected Speech Other EL Devices
Video EL Placement
Daily Exercises Generating Strong Bursts and Frication
MBS Feedback Voiced-Voiceless Contrasts
Oral Care Intonation With an EL
Coffee Word Stress With an EL
Fatigue
Chapter 10. Prosthetic Tracheoesophageal Voice
VFSS/FEES
Restoration Following Total Laryngectomy
FEES: Supraglottic Swallow
Audio
Dysphagia Post XRT
Hypertonicity
Dysphagia Following Surgery and Post Op ORT
Hypotonicity
Dysphagia Post Chemoradiotherapy
Male Tracheoesophageal Speaker
Laser 5 Days Post
Female Tracheoesophageal Speaker
Laser 4 Weeks Post
TE Speech Post Jejunal Reconstruction
Supraglottic VFSS With Aspiration Sample 1, 2, and 3
Supraglottic FEES Assessment Stoma Noise
viii HEAD AnD nECk CAnCEr: TrEATmEnT, rEHAbiliTATion, AnD ouTComES
Videos Case Study — Pretreatment
Myotomy Case Study — Posttreatment
Cutting the Sternal Heads
Chapter 12. Stoma Care and Appliances
Retrograde Insertion
Videos
Inserting Blom Singer Indwelling Prosthesis
Cleaning the Stoma
Measurement of TEP Provox
Tracheostoma Tube and HME
Insertion of Dilator
Cleaning the Tracheostoma Tube
Provox NID Loading
Tracheostoma Button and HME
Provox NID Placement
Preparing Neck and Attaching Base Plate
Provox 2 Loading
Adhesive Disk and Plastic Housing
Provox 2 Placement
Repairing Seal
Provox Vega Loading and Placement
Removal
Function of Prosthesis: Swallow
Function of Prosthesis: Voice
Chapter 14. Rehabilitation of Olfaction and
Learning Finger Occlusion Taste Following Total Laryngectomy
Head Position and Voice Change Videos
Leak Through Prosthesis — Water Laryngeal Bypass
Leak Through Prosthesis — Saliva Learning NAIM
Underpressure Swallow Frog Breathing
Underpressure Inhalation Functional Odor Identification
Manipulation of the Neoglottis and Resonance,
Sequence of 5 Chapter 15. Patient Support and
Digital Pressure Applied to the Neck Multidisciplinary Management
Videos
Chapter 11. Swallowing Rehabilitation
Shock and Adjustment
Following Total Laryngectomy
Coming Home
VFSS/FEES
First Reactions
Laryngectomy — Narrow Pharyngeal Lumen
Biggest Worry
Pharyngaloryngectomy — Obstruction at Lower
Family Emotions
Anastomosis
Asking Questions
Pharyngaloryngectomy — Graft Occasionally
Closed to Bolus Life Since Laryngectomy
Pharyngolaryngectomy — Graft Closed to Bolus Laryngectomy Support Visitor
Laryngectomy — Using Head Tilt Laryngectomy Support Group
Pseudoepiglottis Managing with Dysphagia
Laryngectomy — Pharyngeal Pouch and C4-5 Two Voices
Narrowing Chocolate Thickshake
Laryngectomy — Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Adjusting to Changes
Prominence
Preface
In producing this second edition we have had the patients. Understanding the long-term changes that
opportunity to reflect on just how much has happened occur years after nonsurgical treatment is also a current
in head and neck cancer (HNC) care since the first edi- focus in many research/clinical teams. Surgical voice
tion was published. In under a decade we have seen restoration also continues to be refined and equipment
our understanding of the causes and influencing fac- and devices enhanced to optimize outcomes. Further-
tors for HNC rapidly expand. With this has come the more, helping patients and their carers live well with
development and clinical implementation of targeted the negative consequences of treatment and embracing
therapies and the future potential for de-escalation of a more holistic approach to evaluating patient out-
treatment intensity for some individuals. The treatment comes is changing the nature of clinical care. With all
options themselves have also changed for the better this, there has emerged a great interest in new models
with new forms of non-surgical management providing of service delivery and alternate modes for providing
more focused, targeted treatment, while surgical inter- improved patient services and support.
ventions are continuing to refine and enhance recon- However, although a lot has been achieved across
struction. The importance of the multidisciplinary team all fields involved in HNC care, there is still so much
management continues to be paramount and now, more to do. The authors of the current chapters in this
more than ever before, the focus of the team is on book represent just a small subset of the thousands
patient outcomes and survivorship. of clinicians and researchers who are working daily
In the field of speech-language pathology, our to improve patient care and outcomes following HNC.
evidence base has also been rapidly expanding. Early The potential of what still can be achieved is enor-
studies that explored the nature and extent of nega- mous. We hope your teams benefit from the clinical
tive treatment outcomes have been expanded upon, and research insights that have been amassed here in
and emerging data are helping to develop insights this textbook and we look forward to the next decade
into prognostic factors that influence outcome. There of enhanced patient care. We also hope you find inspi-
is active interest in the potential value of preventa- ration in José Cruz, a post laryngectomy patient, sky-
tive treatment and early intervention for nonsurgical diving on his 80th birthday on the cover!