Hazzard’s Geriatric Medicine And Gerontology

2520 Pages·2016·86.55 MB·English

by  Jeffrey B. Halter

Hazzard’s
Geriatric Medicine and
Gerontology
Notice
Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes
in treatment and drug therapy are required. The authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources
believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the
standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error and changes in
medical sciences, neither the editors nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the
preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate
or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use
of the information contained in this work. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein
with other sources. For example and in particular, readers are advised to check the product information sheet
included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this
work is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for
administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used
drugs.
Seventh Edition
Hazzard’s
Geriatric Medicine and
Gerontology
Editors
Jeffrey B. Halter, MD
Professor Emeritus of Internal Medicine
Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Parkway Visiting Professor in Geriatrics
Department of Medicine
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
National University of Singapore
Joseph G. Ouslander, MD
Professor and Senior Associate Dean for Geriatric Programs
Chair, Department of Integrated Medical Sciences
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Professor (Courtesy), Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida
Stephanie Studenski, MD, MPH
Chief, Longitudinal Studies Section
Intramural Research Program
National Institute on Aging
Baltimore, Maryland
Kevin P. High, MD, MS
Executive Vice President, Health System Affairs
Wake Forest Baptist Health
Professor of Internal Medicine–Infectious Diseases
Wake Forest School of Medicine
Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Sanjay Asthana, MD, FACP
Associate Dean for Gerontology
Professor and Head, Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology
Director, NIA/NIH Wisconsin Alzheimer Disease Research Center (ADRC)
Director, Madison VAMC Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC)
Duncan G. and Lottie H. Ballantine Endowed Chair in Geriatrics
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Mark A. Supiano, MD
D. Keith Barnes, MD and Dottie Barnes Presidential Endowed Chair in Medicine
Professor and Chief, Division of Geriatrics
University of Utah School of Medicine
Director, VA Salt Lake City Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center
Executive Director, University of Utah Center on Aging
Salt Lake City, Utah
Christine Ritchie, MD, MSPH
Harris Fishbon Distinguished Professor of Medicine
University of California San Francisco
Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics
The Jewish Home of San Francisco
Center for Research on Aging
San Francisco, California
Editor Emeritus and Senior Advisor
William R. Hazzard, MD
Professor of Internal Medicine
J. Paul Sticht Center on Aging and Rehabilitation
Section on Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine
Wake Forest School of Medicine
Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Senior Editorial Assistant
Nancy F. Woolard
Senior Manager for Clinical Research
Wake Forest School of Medicine
Winston-Salem, North Carolina
New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City
Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto
Hazzard’s Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Seventh Edition
Copyright © 2017 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Printed in China. Except as permitted under the United States
Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data
base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DSS/DSS 21 20 19 18 17 16
ISBN 978-0-07-183345-5
MHID 0-07-183345-5
eISBN 978-0-07-183346-2
eMHID 0-07-183346-3
This book was set in Minion Pro by Cenveo® Publisher Services.
The editors were Karen G. Edmonson and Kim J. Davis.
The production supervisor was Richard Ruzycka.
Project management was provided by, Anupriya Tyagi of Cenveo Publisher Services.
The designer was Janice Bielawa; the cover designer was Anthony Landi.
RR Donnelley Shenzhen was printer and binder.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Cover images: left image from istock/monkeybusinessimages, center image from istock/Tomwang 112, right image from
istock/Henfaes.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Halter, Jeffrey B., editor. | Ouslander, Joseph G., editor. |
Studenski, Stephanie, editor. | High, Kevin P., editor. | Asthana,
Sanjay (Professor of gerontology), editor. | Supiano, Mark A., editor. |
Ritchie, Christine Seel, editor.
Title: Hazzard’s geriatric medicine and gerontology / editors, Jeffrey B. Halter,
Joseph G. Ouslander, Stephanie Studenski, Kevin P. High, Sanjay Asthana,
Mark A. Supiano, Christine Ritchie; editor emeritus and senior advisor,
William R. Hazzard ; senior editorial assistant, Nancy F. Woolard.
Other titles: Geriatric medicine and gerontology
Description: Seventh edition. | New York : McGraw-Hill Education Medical, [2017] |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016013521 (print) | LCCN 2016014860 (ebook) |
ISBN 9780071833455 (hardcover : alk. paper) | ISBN 0071833455 (hardcover : alk. paper) |
ISBN 9780071833462 (ebook) | ISBN 0071833463 (ebook)
Subjects: | MESH: Geriatrics | Health Services for the Aged Classification:
LCC RC952 (print) | LCC RC952 (ebook) | NLM WT 100 |
DDC 618.97—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016013521
McGraw-Hill Education books are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in
corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us pages at www.mhprofessional.com.
Contents
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Part I
Principles of Gerontology
1 Biology of Aging and Longevity
David B. Lombard, Richard A. Miller, Scott D. Pletcher
2 Genetics of Age-Dependent Human Disease
Lital Sharvit, Danielle Gutman, Huda Adwan, Rotem Vered, Gil Atzmon
3 Immunology of Aging
Albert C. Shaw, Thilinie Bandaranayake
4 Chronic Inflammation
Jeremy D. Walston
5 Demography and Epidemiology
Bonnielin Swenor, Jack M. Guralnik, Luigi Ferrucci
6 International Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
Leonard C. Gray, Graziano Onder, Maysa S. Cendoroglo, AB Dey, Ana Beatriz G. Di Tommaso, Brant E. Fries, Rowan H.
Harwood, Jean Claude Henrard, John Hirdes, Naoki Ikegami, Palmi V. Jonsson, Bruce Leff, John N. Morris, Xiaomei Pei,
Naganath Narasimhan Prem, Roberto Bernabei
7 Psychosocial Aspects of Aging
Steven M. Albert, Daphna Gans
8 Sex Differences in Health and Longevity
Steven N. Austad
Part II
Principles of Geriatrics
SECTION A: Assessment
9 Evaluation, Management, and Decision Making
Daniel D. Matlock, Carmen L. Lewis
10 Principles of Geriatric Assessment
David B. Reuben, Sonja Rosen, Heather B. Schickedanz
11 Mental Status and Neurologic Examination
James E. Galvin
12 Assessment of Decisional Capacity and Competencies
Margaret A. Drickamer
13 Prevention and Screening
Sei J. Lee, Louise C. Walter
SECTION B: Organization of Care
14 Geriatrics Models of Care
Jonny Macias Tejada, Robert M. Palmer, Michael Malone
15 Transitions in Care
Andrea Gilmore-Bykovskyi, Korey Kennelty, Amy J. H. Kind
16 Acute Hospital Care
David H. Wesorick, Scott A. Flanders, Karen E. Hall, Caroline S. Blaum
17 Emergency Department Care
Scott T. Wilber, Lowell W. Gerson, Colleen Marie McQuown
18 Critical Care
Nathan E. Brummel, Timothy D. Girard
19 Subacute Care
Edward R. Marcantonio, Mark Yurkofsky
20 Nursing Home Care
Joseph G. Ouslander, Jill Shutes
21 Community-Based Long-Term Services and Support and Home Care
Jennifer Hayashi, Jessica Colburn, Bruce Leff
22 Rural Aging
Gail Bellamy, Anthony Speights, Kenneth Brummel-Smith
23 Quality of Care
Paul G. Shekelle, Catherine H. MacLean, Joseph G. Ouslander
SECTION C: Special Management Issues
24 General Principles of Pharmacology and Appropriate Prescribing
Paula A. Rochon, Sudeep S. Gill, Jerry H. Gurwitz
25 Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Seema Joshi, Joseph H. Flaherty
26 Team Care
Alice Bonner, Ellen Flaherty, Kathryn Hyer, Bradley Karlin, Terry Fulmer
27 Social Work
Ruth E. Dunkle, Angela K. Perone, Mary Kate Dennis
28 Self-Management of Health Behavior
Madelaine Gierc, Lawrence Brawley, W. Jack Rejeski
29 Rehabilitation
Cynthia J. Brown, Diane Clark
30 Legal Issues
Marshall B. Kapp
SECTION D: Surgical Management
31 Perioperative Evaluation and Management
Satyen S. Nichani, Paul J. Grant, Preeti N. Malani
32 Anesthesia
Jeffrey H. Silverstein, Stacie Deiner
33 Surgical Outcomes
Jennifer Kaplan, Emily Finlayson
SECTION E: Nutrition
34 Nutrition and Obesity
Dennis H. Sullivan, Larry E. Johnson
35 Malnutrition and Enteral/Parenteral Alimentation
Jeffrey I. Wallace
36 Disorders of Swallowing
Nicole Rogus-Pulia, Steven Barczi, JoAnne Robbins
37 Oral Health
Joseph M. Calabrese, Judith A. Jones
SECTION F: Sensory Function
38 Low Vision: Assessment and Rehabilitation
Gale R. Watson
39 The Auditory System
Su-Hua Sha, Andra E. Talaska, Jochen Schacht
SECTION G: Gender and Sexuality
40 Menopause and Midlife Health Changes
Carrie Karvonen-Gutierrez, Sioban D. Harlow
41 Sexuality, Sexual Function, and the Aging Woman
Stacy Tessler Lindau, Kaitlyn Fruin
42 Gynecologic Disorders
Karen L. Miller, Tomas L. Griebling
43 Sexuality, Sexual Function, and Androgen Replacement Therapy in the Aging Male
J. Lisa Tenover
44 Benign Prostate Disorders
Catherine E. DuBeau
Part III
Geriatric Syndromes
45 Aging and Homeostatic Regulation
George A. Kuchel
46 Frailty
Luigi Ferrucci, Elisa Fabbri, Jeremy D. Walston
47 Delirium