Harmful Algal Blooms

318 Pages·2016·13.43 MB·English

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)
and Public Health: Progress
and Current Challenges
Edited by
Lesley V. D’Anglada, Elizabeth D. Hilborn
and Lorraine C. Backer
Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Toxins
www.mdpi.com/journal/toxins
Lesley V. D’Anglada, Elizabeth D. Hilborn and
Lorraine C. Backer (Eds.)
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) and Public
Health: Progress and Current Challenges
This book is a reprint of the Special Issue that appeared in the online, open access journal,
Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651) from 2014–2015 (available at:
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/toxins/special_issues/HABs?sort=asc).
Guest Editors
Lesley V. D’Anglada
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
USA
Elizabeth D. Hilborn
United States Environmental Protection Agency
USA
Lorraine C. Backer
National Center for Environmental Health
USA
Editorial Office
MDPI AG
Klybeckstrasse 64
Basel, Switzerland
Publisher
Shu-Kun Lin
Managing Editor
Chao Xiao
1. Edition 2016
MDPI • Basel • Beijing• Wuhan • Barcelona
ISBN 978-3-03842-155-9 (Hbk)
ISBN 978-3-03842-156-6 (PDF)
© 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. All articles in this volume are
Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY), which
allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial
purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum
dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. However, the dissemination and
distribution of physical copies of this book as a whole is restricted to MDPI, Basel,
Switzerland.
III

Table of Contents
List of Contributors ............................................................................................................ VII
About the Guest Editors......................................................................................................... X
Preface
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7, 4437-4441
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/11/4437 ..................................................................... XIII
Chapter 1: Environmental Fate of Toxins in Water Systems
Ali Fadel, Ali Atoui, Bruno J. Lemaire, Brigitte Vinçon-Leite and Kamal Slim
Dynamics of the Toxin Cylindrospermopsin and the Cyanobacterium Chrysosporum
(Aphanizomenon) ovalisporum in a Mediterranean Eutrophic Reservoir
Reprinted from: Toxins 2014, 6(11), 3041-3057
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/11/3041 .......................................................................... 3
Justine R. Schmidt, Steven W. Wilhelm and Gregory L. Boyer
The Fate of Microcystins in the Environment and Challenges for Monitoring
Reprinted from: Toxins 2014, 6(12), 3354-3387
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/12/3354 ........................................................................ 21
Haihong Song, Liah X. Coggins, Elke S. Reichwaldt and Anas Ghadouani
The Importance of Lake Sediments as a Pathway for Microcystin Dynamics in Shallow
Eutrophic Lakes
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7(3), 900-918
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/3/900 ............................................................................ 56
Chapter 2: Human Health Risk Assessment
Lorraine C. Backer, Deana Manassaram-Baptiste, Rebecca LePrell and Birgit Bolton
Cyanobacteria and Algae Blooms: Review of Health and Environmental Data from the
Harmful Algal Bloom-Related Illness Surveillance System (HABISS) 2007–2011
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7(4), 1048-1064
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/4/1048 .......................................................................... 77
IV

Ingrid Trevino-Garrison, Jamie DeMent, Farah S. Ahmed, Patricia Haines-Lieber,
Thomas Langer, Henri Ménager, Janet Neff, Deon van der Merwe and Edward Carney
Human Illnesses and Animal Deaths Associated with Freshwater Harmful Algal
Blooms—Kansas
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7(2), 353-366
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/2/353 ............................................................................ 94
Elizabeth D. Hilborn and Val R. Beasley
One Health and Cyanobacteria in Freshwater Systems: Animal Illnesses and Deaths Are
Sentinel Events for Human Health Risks
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7(4), 1374-1395
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/4/1374 ........................................................................ 108
Chapter 3: Guideline Development
David Farrer, Marina Counter, Rebecca Hillwig and Curtis Cude
Health-Based Cyanotoxin Guideline Values Allow for Cyanotoxin-Based Monitoring and
Efficient Public Health Response to Cyanobacterial Blooms
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7(2), 457-477
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/2/457 .......................................................................... 133
Chapter 4: Monitoring Efforts in Freshwater and Marine Water Systems
Deon Van der Merwe and Kevin P. Price
Harmful Algal Bloom Characterization at Ultra-High Spatial and Temporal Resolution Using
Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7(4), 1065-1078
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/4/1065 ........................................................................ 157
Vera L. Trainer and F. Joan Hardy
Integrative Monitoring of Marine and Freshwater Harmful Algae in Washington State for
Public Health Protection
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7(4), 1206-1234
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/4/1206 ........................................................................ 171
Timothy T. Wynne and Richard P. Stumpf
Spatial and Temporal Patterns in the Seasonal Distribution of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Western
Lake Erie from 2002–2014
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7(5), 1649-1663
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/5/1649 ........................................................................ 201
V

Chapter 5: Treatment Techniques for Toxin Removal and Control in Reservoirs
and Drinking Water
Letizia Bauzá, Anabella Aguilera, Ricardo Echenique, Darío Andrinolo and
Leda Giannuzzi
Application of Hydrogen Peroxide to the Control of Eutrophic Lake Systems in
Laboratory Assays
Reprinted from: Toxins 2014, 6(9), 2657-2675
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/9/2657 ........................................................................ 219
Dariusz Dziga, Magdalena Lisznianska and Benedykt Wladyka
Bioreactor Study Employing Bacteria with Enhanced Activity toward Cyanobacterial
Toxins Microcystins
Reprinted from: Toxins 2014, 6(8), 2379-2392
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/8/2379 ........................................................................ 238
David C. Szlag, James L. Sinclair, Benjamin Southwell and Judy A. Westrick
Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins Occurrence and Removal from Five High-Risk Conventional
Treatment Drinking Water Plants
Reprinted from: Toxins 2015, 7(6), 2198-2220
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/6/2198 ........................................................................ 252
Miquel Lürling, Debin Meng and Elisabeth J. Faassen
Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide and Ultrasound on Biomass Reduction and Toxin Release in
the Cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa
Reprinted from: Toxins 2014, 6(12), 3260-3280
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/12/3260 ...................................................................... 275

VII

List of Contributors
Anabella Aguilera: INBIOTEC-CONICET y CIB-FIBA, Vieytes 3103, Mar del Plata 7600,
Argentina.
Farah S. Ahmed: Kansas Department of Health and Environment, 1000 SW Jackson Street,
Suite 075, Topeka, KS 66612, USA.
Darío Andrinolo: Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La
Plata, 48 y 115, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
Ali Atoui: Laboratory of Microorganisms and Food Irradiation, Lebanese Atomic Energy
Commission-CNRS, P.O. Box 11-8281, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon.
Lorraine C. Backer: National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Chamblee, GA 30341, USA.
Letizia Bauzá: Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata,
48 y 115, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
Val R. Beasley: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural
Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Birgit Bolton: International Trachoma Initiative, the Task Force for Global Health,
325 Swanton Way, Decatur, GA 30030, USA.
Gregory L. Boyer: Department of Chemistry, College of Environmental Science and
Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
Edward Carney: Kansas Department of Health and Environment, 1000 SW Jackson Street,
Suite 075, Topeka, KS 66612, USA.
Liah X. Coggins: Aquatic Ecology and Ecosystem Studies, School of Civil, Environmental
and Mining Engineering, the University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, M015,
Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Marina Counter: Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority, 800 NE Oregon Street,
Suite 640, Portland, OR 97232, USA.
Curtis Cud: Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority, 800 NE Oregon Street, Suite
640, Portland, OR 97232, USA.
Lesley V. D’Anglada: Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Science and Technology,
Office of Water, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA.
Jamie DeMent: Florida Department of Health, 4052 Bald Cypress Way, Tallahassee,
FL 32399, USA.
Dariusz Dziga: Department of Plant Physiology and Development, Faculty of Biochemistry,
Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30387 Kraków, Poland.
Ricardo Echenique: División Ficología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo,
Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n°, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
Elisabeth J. Faassen: Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department
of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen,
The Netherlands.
VIII

Ali Fadel: Laboratory of Microorganisms and Food Irradiation, Lebanese Atomic Energy
Commission-CNRS, P.O. Box 11-8281, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; LEESU
(UMR MA-102) Université Paris-Est, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, AgroParisTech,
Marne-la-Vallée F-77455, France.
David Farrer: Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority, 800 NE Oregon Street,
Suite 640, Portland, OR 97232, USA.
Anas Ghadouani: Aquatic Ecology and Ecosystem Studies, School of Civil, Environmental
and Mining Engineering, the University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, M015,
Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Leda Giannuzzi: Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La
Plata, 48 y 115, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
Patricia Haines-Lieber: Kansas Department of Health and Environment, 1000 SW Jackson
Street, Suite 075, Topeka, KS 66612, USA.
F. Joan Hardy: Washington State Department of Health, Olympia, WA 98504, USA.
Elizabeth D. Hilborn: National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory,
Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Rebecca Hillwig: Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority, 800 NE Oregon Street,
Suite 640, Portland, OR 97232, USA.
Thomas Langer: Kansas Department of Health and Environment, 1000 SW Jackson Street,
Suite 075, Topeka, KS 66612, USA.
Bruno J. Lemaire: LEESU (UMR MA-102) Université Paris-Est, Ecole des Ponts
ParisTech, AgroParisTech, Marne-la-Vallée F-77455, France; Department of Forest, Water
and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, AgroParisTech, Paris F-75005, France.
Rebecca LePrell: Virginia Department of Health, 109 Governor Street, Richmond,
VA 23219, USA.
Magdalena Lisznianska: Department of Plant Physiology and Development, Faculty of
Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7,
30387 Kraków, Poland.
Miquel Lürling: Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of
Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The
Netherlands; Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW),
P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Deana Manassaram-Baptiste: American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street, Quad 6C,
Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
Henri Ménager: Kansas Department of Health and Environment, 1000 SW Jackson Street,
Suite 075, Topeka, KS 66612, USA.
Debin Meng: Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of
Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen,
The Netherlands.
Janet Neff: Kansas Department of Health and Environment, 1000 SW Jackson Street,
Suite 075, Topeka, KS 66612, USA.
IX

Kevin P. Price: Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University,
2004 Throckmorton Plant Science Center, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; Current Address:
EVP Research and Technology Development, AgPixel LLC, 5530 West Parkway, Suite 300,
Johnston, IA 50131, USA.
Elke S. Reichwaldt: Aquatic Ecology and Ecosystem Studies, School of Civil, Environmental
and Mining Engineering, the University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, M015,
Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Justine R. Schmidt: Department of Chemistry, College of Environmental Science and
Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
James L. Sinclair: Office of Groundwater and Drinking Water, Technical Support Center,
USEPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA.
Kamal Slim: Laboratory of Microorganisms and Food Irradiation, Lebanese Atomic Energy
Commission-CNRS, P.O. Box 11-8281, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon.
Haihong Song: Aquatic Ecology and Ecosystem Studies, School of Civil, Environmental and
Mining Engineering, the University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, M015, Crawley,
WA 6009, Australia.
Benjamin Southwell: Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Lake Superior State University,
Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783, USA.
Richard P. Stumpf: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, 1305 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
David C. Szlag: Chemistry Department, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA.
Vera L. Trainer: NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Marine Biotoxins Program,
Seattle, WA 98112, USA.
Ingrid Trevino-Garrison: Kansas Department of Health and Environment, 1000 SW Jackson
Street, Suite 075, Topeka, KS 66612, USA.
Deon van der Merwe: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary
Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Brigitte Vinçon-Leite: LEESU (UMR MA-102) Université Paris-Est, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech,
AgroParisTech, Marne-la-Vallée F-77455, France.
Judy A. Westrick: Lumigen Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State
University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Steven W. Wilhelm: Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville,
TN 37996-0845, USA.
Benedykt Wladyka: Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University,
Gronostajowa 7, 30387 Kraków, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian
University, Gronostajowa 7, 30387 Kraków, Poland.
Timothy T. Wynne: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, 1305 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.