Table Of ContentPraise for Hard Time: A Fresh Look at Understanding and Reforming the Prison
Robert Johnson, with his collaborators Ann Marie Rocheleau and Alison B. Martin, has done a
service in ensuring that this correctional classic remains available to us, offering in this edition,
as Hard Time's subtitle promises, ``a fresh look at understanding and reforming the prison.''
With the authors as their tour guides and individual chapters as important points of destination,
readers are about to embark on an exciting correctional adventure. It is a trip worth taking.
Indeed, those emerging from this excursion will be rewarded with a sober but ultimately
encouraging view of what the American prison can become. I know that I did.
Francis T. Cullen, University of Cincinnati
This book is both a fine and scholarly introduction to prisons in America and a warning to those
outside the United States about the tragic consequences of a lack of compassion or fairness in
criminal justice. The authors are following in the fine tradition established by Hans Toch and
others when they draw on individual and scholarly empirical accounts of prison life to make us
think again about the meaning and effects of hard time.
Alison Liebling, University of Cambridge
When Hard Time first came out, it was the best book on the market about prison life for people
who live and work there. It still is. This edition, with new data and new insights, is the best place
to start for anyone who wants an understanding of the prison experience today.
Todd Clear, Rutgers University
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Hard Time
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A Fresh Look at Understanding and Reforming the Prison
Fourth Edition
Robert Johnson,
Ann Marie Rocheleau and
Alison B. Martin
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This fourth edition first published 2017
© 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Edition history: Brooks Cole Publishing Co (1e, 1987); Wadsworth Publishing (2e, 1995 and 3e, 2002)
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the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell.
The right of Robert Johnson, Ann Marie Rocheleau and Alison B. Martin to be identified as the authors of this work has been
asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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should be sought.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Johnson, Robert, 1948- author. | Rocheleau, Ann Marie, author. | Martin, Alison Brooks, author.
Title: Hard time : a fresh look at understanding and reforming the prison / Robert Johnson, Ann Marie Rocheleau, Alison B.
Martin.
Description: Fourth edition. | Hoboken : Wiley-Blackwell, 2017. | Revised edition of Hard time, 2002. | Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016006840| ISBN 9781119082774 (paperback) | ISBN 9781119082828 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Prisons–United States. | Prison psychology. | Prison administration–United States. | BISAC: SOCIAL SCIENCE
/ Criminology.
Classification: LCC HV9471 .J64 2017 | DDC 365/.70973–dc23
LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016006840
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Cover image: © Sonia Tabriz
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For Hans Toch
Original thinker, gifted writer, enduring humanist,
an inspiration to us all.
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CONTENTS
Foreword
Acknowledgments
1: Crime, Prison, and the Case for Corrections
A Predilection for Prisons
A Case for Decent Prisons
Notes
References
2: Modern Prisons in Historical Context
American Prisons before the Penitentiary
Penitentiaries
Reformatories
The Big House
The Correctional Institution
Notes
References
3: The Pains of Modern Imprisonment
Pain Amelioration in Prisons: Three Stages
Living with Deprivation
Pain and Harm
Notes
References
4: Prisoner Deficits and Immature Coping
Immature Coping
Prisoner Types
Dysfunctional Adaptations to Imprisonment
Reconciling Public and Private Inmate Cultures
Notes
References
5: The Public Culture of the Prison: Violence
The Nature of Violent Prisoners
The Nature of Violent Prisons
Situational Violence
A Note on Violence in Women's Prisons
Notes
References
6: The Private Culture of the Prison: Living in Prison
Living in Prison
The Ecology of Prison Survival
Prison Life, Prison Niches
Coping Strategies for Living in Prison
More Than Survival
Notes
References
7: Correctional Officers' Public Custodial Agenda
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Correctional Officer as Hack
Stress, Alienation, and Burnout
Notes
References
8: Prison Officers' Private Correctional Agenda
Providing Human Service
Human Service Activities
Rule Enforcement as Human Service Work: Developing Relationships and Legitimacy
Collaboration in Helping
Human Service in Perspective
Notes
References
9: Supermax and the Overuse of Solitary Confinement
Living and Working in Supermax
Assessing the Efficacy of the Supermax Experiment
Some Failures of Supermax
Moving Forward: The Devil Is in the Details
Notes
References
10: Reform
Smarter Punishment, Better Prisons
Getting Out and Staying Out
Notes
References
Afterword
Index
EULA
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