Handbook of Vitamins, 5th Edition

592 Pages·5·78.897 MB·English

Zempleni
NutritioN
suttie f i f tH E d i t i o n
Gregory
stover
f i f tH E d i t i o n
Handbook of
Handbook of
Vitamins
Vitamins
Within the last few years, knowledge about vitamins has increased dramatically, resulting
in improved understanding of human requirements for many vitamins. This new edition
of a bestseller presents comprehensive summaries that analyze the chemical, physiological,
and nutritional relationships, as well as highlight newly identified functions, for all
recognized vitamins. These include vitamins A, D, K, E, B , B , niacin, riboflavin,
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thiamine, pantothenic acid, biotin, folate, choline, and ascorbic acid.

Keeping the tradition of the previous volumes, the Handbook of Vitamins, Fifth
Edition provides an updated, contemporary perspective on vitamins in human nutrition.
Bringing together leading experts in molecular biology, biochemistry, and physiology,
the book contains substantial revisions in every chapter, covering vitamin metabolism,
including human requirements, clinical aspects of deficiency, vitamin-dependant cell
signals and gene regulation, and roles as coenzymes.

The chapter on epigenetics has been updated and expanded to include novel findings
about vitamins not previously considered in studies of nutrient-dependent epigenome
modification. The book also contains a new chapter on genome stability, highlighting
current understanding of vitamin–genome interactions in the evolution of the human
EditEd by
genome and the functional consequences of human genetic variation. Maintaining its
status as a high-quality reference, this handbook incorporates new discoveries into an
Janos Zempleni
updated and revised fifth edition.
John W. suttie
Jesse f. Gregory iii
fiftH
Patrick J. stover
K15043 Edition
ISBN: 978-1-4665-1556-7
90000
9 781466 515567
K15043_Cover_mech.indd All Pages 7/1/13 11:32 AM

f i f tH E d i t i o n
Handbook of
Vitamins

f i f tH E d i t i o n
Handbook of
Vitamins
EditEd by
Janos Zempleni
John W. suttie
Jesse f. Gregory iii
Patrick J. stover
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
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Version Date: 20130220
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Contents
Preface..............................................................................................................................................vii
Editors ...............................................................................................................................................ix
Contributors ......................................................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 Vitamin A: Nutritional Aspects of Retinoids and Carotenoids ...................................1
A. Catharine Ross and Earl H. Harrison
Chapter 2 Vitamin D ...................................................................................................................51
Wei Zheng and Dorothy Teegarden
Chapter 3 Vitamin K ...................................................................................................................89
John W. Suttie
Chapter 4 Vitamin E .................................................................................................................125
Maret G. Traber
Chapter 5 Niacin .......................................................................................................................149
James B. Kirkland
Chapter 6 Riboflavin (Vitamin B) ...........................................................................................191
2
John Thomas Pinto and Richard Saul Rivlin
Chapter 7 Thiamine ..................................................................................................................267
Lucien Bettendorff
Chapter 8 Pantothenic Acid ......................................................................................................325
Robert B. Rucker and Kathryn Bauerly
Chapter 9 Vitamin B ................................................................................................................351
6
Shyamala Dakshinamurti and Krishnamurti Dakshinamurti
Chapter 10 Biotin ........................................................................................................................397
Donald M. Mock
Chapter 11 Folate ........................................................................................................................421
Lynn B. Bailey, Vanessa da Silva, Allyson A. West, and Marie A. Caudill
v
vi Contents
Chapter 12 Vitamin B ...............................................................................................................447
12
Ralph Green and Joshua W. Miller
Chapter 13 Choline .....................................................................................................................491
Xinyin Jiang, Jian Yan, and Marie A. Caudill
Chapter 14 Ascorbic Acid ...........................................................................................................515
Carol S. Johnston, Francene M. Steinberg, and Robert B. Rucker
Chapter 15 Vitamins, Bioactive Food Compounds, and Histone Modifications ........................551
Janos Zempleni, Elizabeth L. Cordonier, Scott R. Baier, and Jing Xue
Chapter 16 Vitamin–Genome Interactions .................................................................................565
Patrick J. Stover
Preface
In keeping with the tradition of previous editions, the fifth edition of the Handbook of Vitamins
was assembled to update and provide contemporary perspectives on vitamins in human nutrition.
One of the challenges in assembling this volume was to cover all aspects of vitamin metabolism,
including human requirements, clinical aspects of deficiency, vitamin-dependent cell signals and
gene regulation, roles as coenzymes, and molecular events in genome stability and the epigenome.
Our goal was to assemble the best available reference text on vitamins for an audience ranging from
basic scientists to clinicians to advanced students and educators.
We were fortunate that the true leaders in vitamin research accepted our invitation to contribute
manuscripts in their areas of expertise. Their outstanding contributions are the sole reason for the
Handbook’s continued success. As editors, we were merely facilitating the review process. After
long years of service on the editorial board, two of the previous members of the editorial board, Drs.
Donald B. McCormick and Robert B. Rucker, decided to retire from the board after completion of
the previous edition. They will be dearly missed and we wish to thank them for their continued help
with manuscript writing and the review of individual manuscripts for this fifth edition. We are very
pleased to have Drs. Jesse F. Gregory III and Patrick J. Stover agreeing to fill the vacant seats on the
editorial board, starting with this fifth edition.
A number of meaningful changes have been made to this latest edition. A new chapter on genome
stability has been added. The chapter on epigenetics has been completely rewritten. All vitamin
chapters have been revised by at least 50%. The chapter on dietary reference intakes has been
eliminated and intake recommendations are now embedded in the chapters of individual vitamins.
We would not have been able to complete this project without the help of colleagues such as
Dr. Donald M. Mock, who helped by occasionally reviewing a manuscript, and Randy Brehm and
Amy Blalock from the publisher’s office who excelled in ensuring a smooth process in all aspects
of assembling this fifth edition of the Handbook of Vitamins.
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