Handbook of Plant Growth pH as the Master Variable (Books in Soils, Plants & the Environment)

433 Pages·2002·16.61 MB·English

by  Zdenko Rengel

Handbook of
Plant Growth
pH as the Master Variable
edited by
Zdenko Rengel
University of Western Australia
Perth, Western Australia, Australia
MARCEL
MARCEL DEKKER, INC. NEW YORK • BASEL
D E K K E R
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
ISBN: 0-8247-0761-3
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Preface
Few would argue that pH is truly a master variable that permeates just about any
area of study of living organisms and extends into the physical and chemical
world in which living organisms come about, grow, develop, reproduce, and die.
There is arguably no other master variable that captures the complexities of the
interactions between the biological, physical, and chemical aspects of the world
to a similar extent.
This book aims to provide a unifying view of the role of pH in plant growth,
taking into account molecular, biochemical, functional, structural, and develop-
mental factors in such growth, as well as environmental processes involved in
plant interaction with the biotic and abiotic environment. The book tries to cap-
ture the multitude of roles played by H+ ions in the processes that sustain life
on this planet. It deals with pH in plant symplasm, plant apoplasm, the rhizo-
sphere, the ecosystem, and soil biotic and abiotic components, thus covering plant
life from the general environment all the way down to cell organelles and mole-
cules. The book covers four main subjects: (1) dynamics of H+ fluxes across
membranes (plasma membrane, tonoplast, chloroplast thylakoids and mitochon-
dria), (2) the role of H+ activity (pH) in cellular, subcellular, and whole plant
processes, (3) the role of pH and H+ fluxes in soil biotic processes involving
microorganisms as well as in soil-plant-microbe interactions, and (4) the interde-
pendence of pH changes and soil abiotic processes (ion availability). The book
covers a wide range of topics spanning many scientific disciplines, for example,
plant biology, cell physiology, botany, microbiology, ecology, soil science,
agronomy, and forestry.
All chapters have been reviewed according to the standards of high-impact
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
international journals. I would like to thank the authors, who patiently went with
me through a number of revisions of their chapters. I would also like to thank
the Marcel Dekker, Inc., staff for capable handling of numerous issues and for
their dedication to producing a high-quality multidisciplinary book.
Zdenko (Zed) Rengel
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Contents
Preface
Contributors
1. H+-ATPases in the Plasma Membran:e Physiology
and Molecular Biology
Thomas Jahn and Michael Gjedde Palmgren
2. H+-ATPase and H+-PPase in the Vacuolar Membrane:
Physiology and Molecular Biology
Masayoshi Maeshima and Yoichi Nakanishi
3. The Cytoplasmic pH Stat
Robert J. Reid and F. Andrew Smith
4. Confocal pH Topography in Plant Cells: Shifts of Proton
Distribution Involved in Plant Signaling
Werner Roos
5. pH as a Signal and Regulator of Membrane Transport
Hubert H. Felle
6. The Role of the Apoplastic pH in Cell Wall Extension
and Cell Enlargement
Robert E. Cleland
1. Mechanisms and Physiological Roles of Proton Movements
in Plant Thylakoid Membranes
W. S. Chow and Alexander B. Hope
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
8. Dynamics of H Fluxes in Mitochondria! Membrane
Francis E. Sluse and Wiestawa Jarmuszkiewicz
9. H4 Fluxes in Nitrogen Assimilation by Plants
Fernando Gallardo and Francisco M. Cdnovas
10. Crassulacean Acid Metabolism: A Special Case of pH
Regulation and H4 Fluxes
Karl-Josef Dietz and Dortje Golldack
11. Dynamics of H+ Fluxes in the Plant Apoplast
Joska Gerendds and Burkhard Sattelmacher
12. H" Currents around Plant Roots
Miguel A. Pineros and Leon V. Kochian
13. Role of pH in Availability of Ions in Soil
Zclenko Rengel
14. Regulation of Microbial Processes by Soil pH
David E. Crowley and Samuel A. Alvey
15. The Role of Acid pH in Symbiosis between Plants
and Soil Organisms
Karen G. Ballen and Peter H. Graham
16. Distribution of Plant Species in Relation to pH of Soil
and Water
Jacqueline Baar and Jan G. M. Roelofs
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Contributors
Samuel A. Alvey Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Cali-
fornia, Riverside, Riverside, California
Jacqueline Baar* Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biol-
ogy, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Karen G. Ballen Biology Department, Augsburg College, Minneapolis, Min-
nesota
Francisco M. Canovas Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry,
Andalusian Institute of Biotechnology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
W. S. Chow Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National Uni-
versity, Canberra, Australia
Robert E. Cleland Department of Botany, University of Washington, Seattle,
Washington
David E. Crowley Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Cali-
fornia, Riverside, Riverside, California
Karl-Josef Dietz Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, Uni-
versity of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
Hubert H. Felle Botanisches Institut I, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Ger-
many
* Current affiliation: Department of Applied Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research
Center, Horst, The Netherlands
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Fernando Gallardo Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, An-
dalusian Institute of Biotechnology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
Joska Gerendas Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, University of
Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Dortje Golldack Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, Uni-
versity of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
Peter H. Graham Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Min-
nesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
Alexander B. Hope School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Ade-
laide, South Australia, Australia
Thomas Jahn Department of Agricultural Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and
Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark
Wiestawa Jarmuszkiewicz Department of Bioenergetics, Adam Mickiewicz
University, Poznan, Poland
Leon V. Kochian U.S. Plant, Soil and Nutritional Laboratory, USDA-ARS,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
Masayoshi Maeshima Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya
University, Nagoya, Japan
Yoichi Nakanishi Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya Uni-
versity, Nagoya, Japan
Michael Gjedde Palmgren Department of Agricultural Sciences, The Royal
Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark
Miguel A. Pineros U.S. Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, USDA-ARS,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
Robert J. Reid Department of Environmental Biology, Adelaide University,
Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Zdenko Rengel Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, The Univer-
sity of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Jan G. M. Roelofs Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biol-
ogy, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Werner Roos Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Martin Luther University,
Halle (Saale), Germany
Burkhard Sattelmacher Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Univer-
sity of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Francis E. Sluse Laboratory of Bioenergetics, University of Liege, Liege, Bel-
gium
F. Andrew Smith Department of Soil and Water, Adelaide University, Ade-
laide, South Australia, Australia
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.