Handbook of Pediatric Dentistry

548 Pages·2013·119 MB·English

by  Angus C. Cameron

Handbook of
PEDIATRIC
DENTISTRY
Content Strategist: Alison Taylor
Content Development Specialist: Barbara Simmons
Project Manager: Sruthi Viswam
Designer/Design Direction: Christian Bilbow
Illustration Manager: Jennifer Rose
Handbook of
PEDIATRIC
DENTISTRY
4TH EDITION
Edited by
Angus C Cameron
BDS (Hons) MDSc (Syd) FDSRCS(Eng) FRACDS FICD
Head, Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, Westmead Hospital, Sydney
Clinical Associate Professor and Head, Paediatric Dentistry, The University of Sydney
Visiting Senior Specialist, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Australia
Richard P Widmer
BDSc (Hons) MDSc (Melb) FRACDS FICD
Head, Department of Dentistry, Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Westmead, Sydney
Clinical Associate Professor, Paediatric Dentistry, The University of Sydney
Senior Consultant, Paediatric Dentistry, Westmead Hospital, Australia

Australasian Academy
of Paediatric Dentistry
Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sydney Toronto 2013
Text and illustrations in Chapter 14 (Orthodontic diagnosis and treatment in the mixed dentition) contributed by
John Fricker are published with the permission of Tidbinbilla Publishers, Canberra, Australia.
© 2013 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.
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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other
than as may be noted herein).
First edition 1997
Second edition 2003
Third edition 2008
Fourth edition 2013
ISBN 9780723436959
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our
understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any
information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they
should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a
professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current
information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to
verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is
the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make
diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate
safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability
for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or
from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
The
publisher’s
policy is to use
paper manufactured
from sustainable forests
Printed in China
Contributors
Paul Abbott Peter J Cooper
BDSc (WA) MDS (Adel) FRACDS (Endo) BSc MB ChB MRCP (UK)
Winthrop Professor of Clinical Dentistry Paediatric Respiratory Physician
School of Dentistry/Oral Health Centre of Western The Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Westmead
Australia (OHCWA) Campus
The University of Western Australia, Australia Westmead, Australia
Eduardo A Alcaino Julia Dando
BDS MDSc Grad Dip(Conscious Sedation) BDS(Wales) MMedSci(Sheffield) FDSRCS(Edin)
MRACDS(Paed) FRACDS MOrthRCS(Eng) MRACDS(Orth)
Specialist Paediatric Dentist Head of Orthodontics
Visiting Dental Officer, Paediatric Dentistry Westmead Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics
Hospital, and Sydney Dental Hospital, Australia Westmead Hospital, Australia
Michael J Aldred Rebecca Eggers
BDS (Wales) PhD (Wales) GradCertEd (QUT) FDS RCS BDS(Syd) MDSc(Syd) FRACDS
(Eng) FRCPath (UK) FFOP(RCPA) Specialist Paediatric Dentist
Specialist Oral and Maxillofacial Pathologist Staff Specialist, Department of Paediatric Dentistry
Dorevitch Pathology, Melbourne, Australia Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
Sherene Alexander John Fricker
BDS(Mangalore) MDS(Mangalore) MRACDS(Paed) BDS MDSc (Syd) Grad Dip Adult Ed FRACDS
FRACDS FICD Specialist Orthodontist
Staff Specialist, Department of Paediatric Dentistry Canberra, ACT, Australia
Westmead Hospital, Westmead
Clinical Senior Lecturer, Paediatric Dentistry Anastasia Georgiou
The University of Sydney, Australia BDS(Adel) MDSc(Syd) MRACDS(Oral Med) FRACDS
Staff Specialist, Oral Medicine
Wendy J Bellis Westmead Hospital, Westmead
MSc BDS Australia
Specialist Paediatric Senior Dental Officer and
Assistant Clinical Director Kerrod B Hallett
Community Dental Service of Camden and Islington BDSc (Hons) MDSc (Qld) FRACDS
Primary Care Trusts Director, Department of Dentistry
London, UK Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Anthony Blinkhorn Linda Hayes-Cameron
OBE BPsyc(Hons)(UNE) MPsyc(Macq) BHeathSc(Nursing)
Professor, NSW Chair of Population Oral Health CertMidwifery CertChild&FamilyHealth
Faculty of Dentistry and Centre for Value, Ethics & Law Clinical Psychologist
in Medicine Department of Neonatology
The University of Sydney, Australia The Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Michael G Cooper Andrew A C Heggie
MB BS FANZCA FFPMANZCA MBBS(Melb) MDSc(Melb) LDS(Vic) FRACDS FFDRCSI
Senior Anaesthetist FACOMS FRACDS(OMS)
Department of Anaesthesia, Department of Pain A/Professor and Head, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Medicine & Palliative Care Unit
The Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Westmead Department of Plastic & Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal
Campus Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Westmead, Australia
xii Handbook of Pediatric Dentistry
Sally Hibbert Jane McDonald
BDS MPhil (Liverpool) FDS(Paed Dent) RCS MB BS (NSW) FANZCA
Staff Specialist Visiting Medical Officer, Paediatric Anaesthetics
Department of Dentistry, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead Hospital and the Children’s Hospital at
Westmead Westmead
Clinical Senior Lecturer, Paediatric Dentistry Westmead, Australia
The University of Sydney, Australia
David J Manton
Timothy Johnston BDSc MDSc PhD FRACDS FICD
BDSc (WA) MDSc (Melb) FRACDS FADI Elsdon Storey Chair of Child Dental Health
Specialist Paediatric Dentist, Melbourne Dental School
Consultant Paediatric Dentist, Princess Margaret The University of Melbourne, Australia
Hospital
Clinical Senior Lecturer, University of Western Australia Daniel W McNeil
Perth, Australia PhD
Associate Professor and Director of Clinical Training
Om P Kharbanda Department of Psychology, West Virginia University,
BDS(Lucknow) MDS(Lucknow) MOthRCS(Edin) MMEd West Virginia, USA
(Dundee) Fellow, Indian Board of Orthodontics Honoris
Causa FAMS MAMS FICD Cheryl B McNeil
Professor and Head, Division of Orthodontics and PhD
Medical Superintendent Centre for Dental Education Assistant Professor
and Research (CDER) Department of Psychology
All India Institute of Medical Sciences West Virginia University, West Virginia, USA
Adjunct Faculty and Coordinator, KL Wig Centre for
Medical Education and Research Kareen Mekertichian
NEW Delhi, India BDS (Hons) MDSc FRACDS FPFA FICD
Specialist Paediatric Dentist
Nicky Kilpatrick Chatswood, Australia
BDS (Birm) PhD (Newcastle) FDSRCPS FRACDS(Paed)
Honorary Research Fellow Craig Munns
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, MBBS PhD FRACP
Australia Conjoint Associate Professor and Senior Staff Specialist
Paediatric Endocrinology
Nigel M King The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead
BDS Hons (Lond) MSc Hons (Lond) PhD (Hong Kong) Campus
LDSRCS (Eng) FDSRCS (Edin) FDSRCS (Eng) MRACDS Westmead, Australia
(Paed Dent) FHKAM (Dent Surg) FCDSHK (Paed Dent)
Winthrop Professor of Paediatric Dentistry Christopher Olsen
School of Dentistry/Oral Health Centre of Western MDSc (Melb) FRACDS
Australia (OHCWA) Clin Assoc Professor
The University of Western Australia, Australia Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne
Paediatric Dentist, Royal Dental Hospital,
Erin Mahoney Melbourne, Australia
BDS(Otago) MDSc(Syd) PhD(Syd) FRACDS
Specialist Paediatric Dentist Neeta Prabhu
Hutt Valley District Health Board BDS(Bombay) MDS(Mangalore), MPhil(Newcastle upon
Clinical Senior Lecturer, University of Otago, New Tyne), MRACDS(Paed) FRACDS FICD
Zealand Staff Specialist
Department of Paediatric Dentistry
Simrit Malhi Westmead Hospital, Westmead
BDS(Hons)(Punjab) MDS(PGIMER) MRACDS(Paed) Clinical Senior Lecturer, Paediatric Dentistry
FDSRCS(Eng) FRACDS The University of Sydney, Australia
Staff Specialist
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Westmead Hospital, Sarah Raphael
Westmead BDS (Adel) MDSc (Syd) FRACDS
Clinical Senior Lecturer, Paediatric Dentistry Specialist Paediatric Dentistry
The University of Sydney, Australia Sydney, NSW
Contributors xiii
Mark Schifter Meredith Wilson
BDS MDSc(Syd) MSND RCS(Edin) MOM RCS(Edin) FFD MBBS, FRACP, MBioeth
RCSI(Oral Med) FRACDS(Oral Med) FICD Clinical Associate Professor
Head of Department of Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology University of Sydney Western Clinical School
and Special Care Dentistry Clinical Geneticist (HGSA), The Children’s Hospital at
Westmead Hospital Westmead
Clinical Associate Professor, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
Australia
John Winters
Sarah Starr BDSc MDSc (UWA) FICD
B AppSci (Speech Path), M Health Sci (Ed),CPSP Specialist Paediatric Dentist
Director of Speech Pathology Services Chairman, Dental Department,
Burwood, Australia Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, Australia
Neil Street
MB BS (NSW) MAppSci (UTS) FANZCA
Staff Specialist, Paediatric Anaesthetics
The Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Westmead
Campus
Westmead, Australia
Contributors xiii
Contributors to previous editions
The Editors would like to acknowledge the great support and contributions made to the
earlier editions by the following people, who made this book possible:
Louise Brearley Messer Peter Gregory
AM BDSc LDS MDSc (Melb) PhD (Minn) BDSc MDSc (WA) FRACDS
Former Eldston Storey Professor of Child Dental Health, Specialist Paediatric Dentist
The University of Melbourne Visiting Paedodontist, Princess Margaret Hospital for
Adjunct Professor, Pediatric Dentistry, University of Children, Perth, WA
Minnesota, USA Clinical Lecturer, The University of Western Australia
Roland Bryant Roger K Hall
MDS (Syd) PhD FRACDS OAM MDSc (Melb) FRACDS FICD
Professor of Conservative Dentistry, The University of Associate Professor and Principal Fellow, The University
Sydney of Melbourne
Senior Dental Surgeon, Royal Children’s Hospital,
Santo Cardaci Melbourne
BDSc Hons (WA) MDSc (Adel) FRACDS
Specialist Endodontist, Perth, WA Fiona Heard
BDSc (Melb) LDS MDSc (Syd) FRACDS
Peter JM Crawford Specialist Endodontist, Sydney, NSW
BDS, MScD, FDSRCS(Edin), FDSRCS(Eng), FRCPCH Visiting Dental Officer, Westmead Hospital
Consultant Senior Lecturer in Paediatric Dentistry,
University of Bristol Dental Hospital Justine Hemmings
B App Sc (Speech Path)
Bernadette Drummond Senior Speech Pathologist, Royal Alexandra Hospital for
BDS (Otago) PhD FRACDS Children, Westmead
Professor of Paediatric Dentistry, The University of
Otago, New Zealand
xiv Handbook of Pediatric Dentistry
David Isaacs Stephen O’Flaherty
MB BChir MD MRCP FRACP MB ChB FRACP FAFRM
Associate Professor and Head, Department of Head, Department Paediatric Rehabilitation, Royal
Immunology, Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Alexandra Hospital for Children, Westmead
Westmead
Tony Sandler
Tissa Jayasekera BDS (Witw) HD Dent (Witw)
MDSc (Melb) MDS (Syd) FRACDS Specialist Endodontist, Perth, WA
Specialist Orthodontist, Bendigo, Victoria
Visiting Dental Officer (Paediatric Dentistry), Westmead Sarah Raphael
Hospital BDS (Adel) MDSc (Syd) FRACDS
Specialist Paediatric Dentistry, Sydney, NSW
Allison Kakakios
MB BS (Hons) FRACP Julie Reid
Staff Specialist, Paediatric Immunology, Royal Alexandra BAppSci (Speech Pathol) (La Trobe) GradDip(Gerontol)
Hospital for Children, Westmead (Syd) PhD
Senior Speech Pathologist, Royal Children’s Hospital,
Linda Kingston Melbourne
B App Sci (Speech Path)
Senior Speech Pathologist, Royal Alexandra Hospital for W Kim Seow
Children, Westmead BDS (Adel) MDSc (Qld) DDSc PhD FRACDS
Associate Professor, Paediatric Dentistry, University of
Peter King Queensland, Queensland
MDS (Syd)
Former Head of Unit, Special Care Dentistry, Westmead Margarita Silva
Hospital CD (Mexico) MS (Minn)
Specialist Paediatric Dentist, Melbourne, Victoria
Judy Kirk
MB BS (Syd) FRACP Joe Verco
Staff Specialist Cancer Genetics, Medical Oncology, BDS (Adel) LDS (Vic) BSc Dent (Hons) MDS FAAPD
Westmead Hospital Specialist Paediatric Dentist, Adelaide, South Australia
Sandy Lopacki Peter Wong
MA (Speech Path) (Northwestern) CCC-ASHA BDS (Hons) MDSc (Syd) FRACDS
Formerly, Senior Speech Pathologist, Westmead Specialist Paediatric Dentist, Canberra ACT
Hospital Visiting Dental Officer (Paediatric Dentistry), Westmead
Hospital
James Lucas
MDSc (Melb) MS (LaTrobe) FRACDS LDS
Deputy Director, Department of Dentistry, Royal
Children’s Hospital, Melbourne