Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology: Behavioral Neurochemistry, Neuroendocrinology and Molecular Neurobiology

951 Pages·2007·11.65 MB·English

by  M. J. Baum (auth.)

Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology
BehavioralNeurochemistry,NeuroendocrinologyandMolecularNeurobiology
Editor-in-Chief
AbelLajtha
Director
CenterforNeurochemistry
NathanS.KlineInstituteforPsychiatricResearch
140OldOrangeburgRoad
Orangeburg
NewYork,10962
USA
VolumeEditor
JeffreyD.Blaustein
CenterforNeuroendocrineStudies
135HicksWay
UniversityofMassachusetts
Amherst,MA01003‐9271
USA
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2006922553
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Table of Contents
Preface .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. v
Contributors.. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. . xi
1 NeuroendocrinologyofMaleReproductiveBehavior. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 1
M.J.Baum
2 NeurochemistryofMaleSexualBehavior . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. . 37
E.M.Hull.J.M.Dominguez.J.W.Muschamp
3 FeminineSexualBehaviorfromNeuroendocrineandMolecular
NeurobiologicalPerspectives .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. . 95
J.D.Blaustein.S.K.Mani
4 TheNeurochemistryofLimbic‐HypothalamicCircuitsRegulatingSexual
Receptivity. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 151
PaulMicevych.KevinSinchak
5 NeuroendocrinologyandNeurochemistryofMaternalMotivationand
Behavior .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 195
J.S.Lonstein.J.I.Morrell
6 Neuroendocrinology,Neurochemistry,andMolecularNeurobiologyof
AffiliativeBehavior . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 247
E.A.D.Hammock.L.J.Young
7 NeurochemistryandMolecularNeurobiologyofAggressiveBehavior . .. .. 285
K.A.Miczek.S.P.Faccidomo.E.W.Fish.J.F.DeBold
8 NovelMechanismsUnderlyingNeuroendocrineRegulationofAggression:
ASynthesisofRodent,Avian,andPrimateStudies .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 337
G.E.Demas.M.A.Cooper.H.E.Albers.K.K.Soma
9 MolecularNeurobiologyofBirdSong. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 373
D.F.Clayton
#Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2007
viii TableofContents
10 TheNeuroendocrinologyandNeurochemistryofBirdsong .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 419
G.F.Ball.J.Balthazart
11 SexDifferencesinNeurotransmittersandBehavior:Development .. . .. .. 459
M.M.McCarthy,PhD
12 SexDifferencesinNeurotransmittersSystems;Vasopressinas
anExample .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 487
G.J.deVries
13 NeurochemicalSystemsRegulatingtheHypothalamo–Pituitary–
AdrenocorticalAxis . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 513
J.P.Herman.H.F.Figueiredo.N.K.Mueller.M.M.Ostrander.R.Zhang.
M.Tauchi.D.C.Choi.A.R.Furay.N.K.Evanson.E.B.Nelson.
Y.M.Ulrich‐Lai
14 NeuroendocrinologyofStress.. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 571
B.S.McEwen.S.Chattarji
15 MaternalProgrammingofGlucocorticoidReceptorExpressionandHPA
ResponsestoStressThroughDNAMethylationintheRat. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 595
M.J.Meaney.I.C.G.Weaver.T.Wu.I.Hellstrom.J.Diorio.MosheSzyf
16 EnergyBalanceandFeeding . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 619
S.C.Benoit.D.J.Clegg.S.C.Woods
17 TheNeuroendocrinology,NeurochemistryandMolecularBiologyof
ThirstandSaltAppetite .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 641
A.K.Johnson.R.L.Thunhorst
18 Neurochemistry/NeuropharmacologyofFearandFearConditioning . . .. .. 689
G.E.Schafe.J.E.LeDoux
19 NeurochemistryandMolecularNeurobiologyofMemory . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 709
P.Dash.A.N.Moore
20 NeurochemistryandMolecularNeurobiologyofReward .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 739
J.B.Becker.R.L.Meisel
21 NeuroendocrinologyofMemoryandCognitiveFunction.. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 775
V.N.Luine
22 TheMammalianCircadianSystem:fromGenestoBehavior . . .. .. .. . .. .. 801
B.H.Miller.E.L.McDearmon.J.S.Takahashi
23 NeuroendocrinologyofBehavioralRhythms .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 835
T.M.Lee.L.Smale
TableofContents ix
24 NeurochemistryofSleep .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 869
T.Porkka‐Heiskanen.L.Alanko.D.Stenberg
25 NeuroendocrinologyofSleep .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 895
A.Steiger
Index . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. 939
Preface
Behavioral neuroscience was not covered extensively in the second edition of the Handbook of
Neurochemistry, published in 1983. That was nearly a decade before the formation of the international
society,whichnameditselfafterthisdiscipline,theInternationalSocietyforBehavioralNeuroscience,and
itwasevenlongerbeforetheinceptionoftheSocietyforBehavioralNeuroendocrinology,whichfocuseson
a subfield of behavioral neuroscience. The progress that has been made in the study of the cellular and
molecular underpinnings of behavior was almost unimaginable in 1983. The field has prosperedthanks
to development in novel drugs, genetic models, and related molecular techniques, neuroanatomical
techniques, including in situ hybridization histochemistry, new immunocytochemical techniques, real
timePCR,microarrays,andmoresophisticatedbehavioralanalysis.
This volume is filled with a tremendous amount of history that documents the coming of age of
behavioral neuroscience. Learning the history and following the development of a field are often an
importantpartofunderstandinganareaofscience,andmanyoftheauthorshaveelaboratedextensively
onthehistoryoftheirfield.Thoughbehavioralneurosciencehasadvancedtremendouslyinrecentyears,
impedimentstoprogressstillremaininthisfield.Forexample,behaviorstilloccasionallytakesabackseat
tothestudyofsimplerphysiologicalendpoints,suchasthecontrolofovulation.Yet,itisthemorecomplex
regulationofbehaviorandtheinteractionsoftheenvironmentonitthatallowforfertilization,without
which,ovulationwouldbeirrelevant.Inhismemorablebiographyofthefieldofhormonesandbehavior,
FrankBeach(1981)explainedsomeofthebackgroundforbiasagainststudiesofbehavior.Healsoprovided
whatisperhapsoneofthemostnoteworthyexamplesofthisbiasagainststudyingbehavioralendpoints.In
1935,EdwardDempsey,workinginWilliamC.Young’sgroup,madethehereticproposalthatsequential
exposure to estradiol and progesterone was necessary to induce the expression of estrous behaviors in
female guinea pigs. This made no sense at the time since it was widely believed that the source of
progesteronewasthecorpusluteum,mostdefinitelyformedafterovulation,longaftertheanimal’sestrous
behavior had commenced. Beach recounts that Edgar Allen, a co‐discoverer of estradiol, suggested that
Young would be ‘‘well‐advised to give up behavior and return to his more promising early studies on
physiologyoftheepididymis.’’Itwastobeanother30yearsbeforenovelbiochemicalprocedureswouldbe
developed, whichwouldproveDempsey, Young and colleagues correct; progesterone was being secreted
fromanothersourcebeforetheformationofthecorpusluteum.Behavioralstudieshadindeedinformed
physiology.
Throughout this volume, youwill find examples of dogmas that ultimately did not hold water (the
timingofprogesteronesecretionduringtheestrouscyclejustdiscussedisbutoneexample).Timeandtime
again, throughout the history of science, scientists who have questioned dogma have been subjected to
ridiculeorderisionfortheiractions.Winorlose,thedogmafightisalwaysworthwaging,anditisgood
science.Ifthedogmarepresentstruth,itwillstand;ifnot,itwilleventuallytopple,butusuallynotwithout
significantbattle.Idedicatethisvolumetoallscientistswhohaveatonepointoranotherchallengeddogma
intheirwork.
Inthisvolume,Ihavecollectedinoneplacetheexpertiseofnumerousauthoritiesinthediversefieldof
behavioralneuroscience. Avolumeofthis sizedoes notallowfor anexhaustivetreatmentoftheneuro-
chemistry,neuroendocrinology,andmolecularneurobiologyofbehavior;ratheritisasamplingofsome
fascinatingareaswithintherealmofbehavioralneuroscience.Moreover,becauseofmypersonalbias,these
vi Preface
areasofbehavioralneuroscienceoftenhaveanimportant,well‐developed,endocrineslant.Toappreciate
howmuchspaceacomprehensivetreatmentoftheentirefieldwouldrequire,considerthatacomprehen-
sive coverage of the subfield, the relatively narrow field of behavioral neuroendocrinology, was recently
accomplished admirably in a discipline‐defining, five‐volume, and nearly 4,000 page work, which was
editedbyDonaldW.Pfaffetal.
Itisimpossibletoacknowledgehereeachoftheauthorsandalloftheimportantfindingsofthefields
thattheyrepresent.Sufficeittosaythattremendousprogresshasbeenmadeinthestudyofreproductive
behaviors,affiliativeandaggressivebehaviors,birdsong,sexdifferences,thehypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenal
axis,stress,ingestivebehaviors,fear,cognitivefunction,reward,rhythms,andsleep.Thebookstartsatthe
beginningwithreproductionandendsappropriatelywithsleep.Betweenthosetwobasic,life‐generating
andrestorativeactivities,tremendousprogressinallofthesefieldsisdescribed.
Recent changes in the funding climate have affected many areas within behavioral sciences. For
example,theNationalInstitutesofHealthhaveshiftedemphasistomoretranslationalresearch;insome
cases,attheexpenseofmorebasicresearch.Thisvolumeisfilledwithexamplesofbasicresearchthathave
ledtoabetterunderstandingofthehumanbrainandbehavior.Ihopethatitservesastestamenttothe
indispensablevalueofbasicresearch,aswellastranslationalresearch,inbehavioralneuroscience.
FrankBeachendedhisbiographyofthefieldofbehavioralendocrinologywiththefollowingpassage:
‘‘Scientistswithdoctoratesinpsychologystudydevelopmentofprogesteronereceptorsinneuronsoftherat
hypothalamuswhileotherinvestigatorsinitially trainedinpharmacology inventelegantbehavioralmea-
suresofsexualmotivationintheestrousfemale.Thesedevelopmentsappeartorepresentmorethanamere
borrowing of techniques by one discipline from another. Instead they seem to reflect progress toward
recognition of common goals and shared theoretical interests. If such indeed is the case, behavioral
endocrinologymaywellbeadisciplineinstatunascendi,’’thatis,adisciplineinastateofbeingborn.He
could have said the same about behavioral neuroscience. I submit that the discipline of behavioral
neuroscience has become a fully developed discipline with investigators answering questions that truly
runthegamutfrommoleculartobehavioralandalllevelsinbetween.
Iamimmenselygratefultoallwhocontributedtothisvolume.Writingacomprehensivereviewofa
field,evenone’sspecialty,istime‐consumingandlaborious,anditinvariablytakestimeawayfromother
worthytasks.Myjobofconvincingcolleaguestocontributetothisvolumewasmaderelativelyeasybecause
previousversionsoftheHandbookofNeurochemistryhavebeenwellreceived,andhaveoftenservedas
landmarkvolumesintheirrespectivefields.Itismyhopethattheauthorswillbewellcompensatedfortheir
workwiththesatisfactionofknowingthattheirreviewswillbereadandthat,astheirareasevolve,progress
canbeupdatedandfollowedintheelectronicversionoftheHandbook.
JeffreyD.Blaustein
Amherst,USA
April2006
Contributors
L.Alanko D.Choi
InstituteofBiomedicine/Physiology,Universityof DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati,
Helsinki,Helsinki,Finland Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA
H.E.Albers D.F.Clayton
DepartmentsofBiologyandPsychologyandCenter SchoolofMolecularandCellularBiology,
forBehavioralNeuroscience,GeorgiaStateUniversity, BeckmanInstitute,andInstituteforGenomic
Atlanta,GA30303,USA Biology,UniversityofIllinois,Urbana‐Champaign,
IL61801,USA
G.F.Ball
DepartmentofPsychologicalandBrainSciences, D.J.Clegg
JohnsHopkinsUniversity,3400N.CharlesStreet, DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati,USA
Baltimore,MD21218‐2686,USA
M.A.Cooper
DepartmentofPsychologyandCenterforBehavioral
J.Balthazart
Neuroscience,GeorgiaStateUniversity,Atlanta,
CenterforCellularandMolecularNeurobiology,
GA30303,USA
ResearchGroupinBehavioralNeuroendocrinology,
UniversityofLie`ge,1Boulevarddel’Hopital(Bat.L36),
B‐4000Lie`ge1,Belgium P.Dash
TheVivianL.SmithCenterforNeurologicResearch
DepartmentofNeurobiologyandAnatomyThe
M.J.Baum
UniversityofTexasMedicalSchoolatHouston,
Dept.ofBiologyBostonUniversityBoston,
Houston,Texas77030,USA
MA02215,USA
G.J.deVries
J.B.Becker
CenterforNeuroendocrineStudiesandDepartment
DepartmentofPsychology.NeuroscienceProgramand
ofPsychologyUniversityofMassachusetts,
ReproductiveSciencesProgram,UniversityofMichigan,
Amherst,MA01003,USA
525EastUniversityAve.,AnnArbor,MI48109,USA
J.F.DeBold
S.C.Benoit DepartmentofPsychology,TuftsUniversity,Medford
DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati,USA andBoston,Massachusetts,USA
J.D.Blaustein G.E.Demas
CenterforNeuroendocrineStudiesandPsychology DepartmentofBiology,PrograminNeuralScience
Department,UniversityofMassachusetts, andCenterfortheIntegrativeStudyofAnimal
Amherst,MA,USA Behavior,IndianaUniversity,Bloomington,
IN47405,USA
S.Chattarji
NationalCentreforBiologicalSciences,TataInstitute J.Diorio
ofFundamentalResearch,Bangalore560065,India DouglasHospitalResearchCentre,Montreal,Canada
#Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2007
xii Contributors
J.M.Dominguez T.M.Lee
DepartmentofPsychologyFloridaStateUniversity DepartmentofPsychologyandNeuroscience
Tallahassee,FL32306‐1270,USA Program,UniversityofMichigan,AnnArbor,
48109‐1043,USA
N.K.Evanson
DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati, J.S.Lonstein
Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA PrograminNeuroscienceandDepartmentof
Psychology,GiltnerHall,MichiganStateUniversity,
S.P.Faccidomo EastLansing,MI48824,USA
DepartmentofPsychology,TuftsUniversity,Medford
andBoston,Massachusetts,USA V.N.Luine
DepartmentofPsychology,HunterCollegeofC.U.N.Y.,
H.F.Figueiredo 695ParkAve.,NewYork,NY10021,USA
DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati,
Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA S.K.Mani
DepartmentofMolecularandCellularBiology,Baylor
CollegeofMedicine,Houston,TX,USA
E.W.Fish
DepartmentofPsychology,TuftsUniversity,Medford
M.M.McCarthy,PhD
andBoston,Massachusetts,USA
DepartmentsofPhysiologyandPsychiatry,University
ofMaryland,Baltimore–SchoolofMedicine.655
A.Furay
W.BaltimoreSt.,Baltimore,MD21201,USA
DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati,
Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA
E.L.McDearmon
HowardHughesMedicalInstitute
E.A.D.Hammock
DepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralSciences,
B.S.McEwen
EmoryUniversity,Atlanta,GA30329.Centerfor
HaroldandMargaretMillikenHatchLaboratory
BehavioralNeuroscience,Atlanta,GA30329.
ofNeuroendocrinology,TheRockefellerUniversity,
YerkesNationalPrimateResearchCenter,Atlanta,
NewYork,NY10021,USA
GA30329,USA
M.J.Meaney
I.Hellstrom McGillProgramfortheStudyofBehavior,Genesand
McGillProgramfortheStudyofBehavior,Genesand Environment,McGillUniversity,MontrealCanada.
Environment,McGillUniversity,Montreal,Canada DouglasHospitalResearchCentre,6875boul.LaSalle,
Montreal,Que´bec,CanadaH4H1R3
J.P.Herman
DepartmentsofPsychiatryandCellBiology, R.L.Meisel
NeurobiologyandAnatomy,UniversityofCincinnati, DepartmentofPsychologicalSciencesand
Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA NeuroscienceProgram,PurdueUniversity,703ThirdSt.,
WestLafayette,IN47907,USA
E.M.Hull
DepartmentofPsychologyFloridaStateUniversity P.Micevych
Tallahassee,FL32306‐1270,USA DeptofNeurobiology,Laboratoryof
NeuroendocrinologyoftheBrainResearchInstitute,
A.K.Johnson DavidGeffenSchoolofMedicineatUCLA,
DepartmentsofPsychology,Pharmacologyand LosAngeles,CA90095‐1763,USA
ExerciseScience,andtheCardiovascularCenter,
UniversityofIowa,IowaCity,IA52242,USA K.A.Miczek
DepartmentofPsychology,Psychiatry,Pharmacology,
J.E.LeDoux andNeuroscienceTuftsUniversityMedfordandBoston,
CenterforNeuralScience,NewYorkUniversity,USA Massachusetts,USA
Contributors xiii
B.H.Miller A.Steiger
TheScrippsResearchInstitute,Jupiter,FL33458,USA MaxPlanckInstituteofPsychiatry,Munich,
Germany
A.N.Moore
TheVivianL.SmithCenterforNeurologicResearch
D.Stenberg
DepartmentofNeurobiologyandAnatomyThe
InstituteofBiomedicine/Physiology,University
UniversityofTexasMedicalSchoolatHouston,
ofHelsinki,Helsinki,Finland
Houston,Texas77030,USA
M.Szyf
J.I.Morrell
CenterforMolecularandBehavioralNeuroscience, McGillProgramfortheStudyofBehavior,Genes
andEnvironment,McGillUniversity,Montreal,
197UniversityAve,RutgersUniversity,Newark,
Canada.DepartmentofPharmacology,
NJ07102,USA
McGillUniversity,MontrealCanada
N.K.Mueller
DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati, J.S.Takahashi
Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA HowardHughesMedicalInstitute,Departmentof
Neurobiology&Physiology,NorthwesternUniversity,
J.W.Muschamp Evanston,IL60208,USA
DepartmentofPsychology,FloridaStateUniversity
Tallahassee,FL32306‐1270,USA
M.Tauchi
DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati,
E.B.Nelson
Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA
DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati,
Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA
R.L.Thunhorst
M.M.Ostrander DepartmentsofPsychology,Pharmacologyand
DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati, ExerciseScience,andtheCardiovascularCenter,
Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA UniversityofIowa,IowaCity,IA52242,USA
T.Porkka‐Heiskanen Y.M.Ulrich‐Lai
InstituteofBiomedicine/Physiology,Universityof
DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCincinnati,
Helsinki,Helsinki,Finland Cincinnati,OH45237‐0506,USA
G.E.Schafe
I.C.G.Weaver
DepartmentofPsychology&Interdisciplinary
McGillProgramfortheStudyofBehavior,Genes
NeuroscienceProgram,YaleUniversity.Department
andEnvironment,McGillUniversity,Montreal,
ofPsychology,YaleUniversity,2HillhouseAvenue,
Canada.DouglasHospitalResearchCentre,
NewHaven,CT06520,USA
Montreal,Canada.DepartmentofPharmacology,
K.Sinchak McGillUniversity,Montreal,Canada
DeptofPsychology,CenterforNeuroendocrine
StudiesandNeuroscienceandBehaviorProgram, S.C.Woods
UniversityofMassachusetts,Amherst,MA,USA DepartmentofPsychiatry,Universityof
Cincinnati,USA
L.Smale
DepartmentofPsychology,MichiganStateUniversity,
T.Wu
E.Lansing,MI48824,USA
McGillProgramfortheStudyofBehavior,Genes
andEnvironment,McGillUniversity,Montreal
K.K.Soma
Canada.DouglasHospitalResearchCentre,
DepartmentsofPsychologyandZoology,Graduate
Montreal,Canada.DepartmentofPharmacology,
PrograminNeuroscience,UniversityofBritish
McGillUniversity,Montreal,Canada
Columbia,Vancouver,BCCanadaV6T1Z4