Handbook of emotion, adult development, and aging

493 Pages·1996·24.09 MB·English

by  Carol Magai

Handbook of
Emotion,
Adult Development,
and Aging
Handbook of
Emotion,
Adult Development,
and Aging
a
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Handbook of
Emotion,
Adu It Developmen t,
and Aging
Edited by
Carol Magai
Department of Psychology
Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York
and
Susan H. McFadden
Department of Psychology
University of Wisconsin~Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin
ACADEMIC PRESS
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Copyright (cid:14)9 1996 by ACADEMIC PRESS
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Handbook of emotion, adult development, and aging / edited by Carol
Magai, Susan H. McFadden.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-12-464995-5 (alk. paper)
1. Emotions. 2. Emotions and cognition. 3. Adulthood. 4. Aging-
-Psychological aspects. I. Magai, Carol. II. McFadden, Susan H.
BF531.H316 1996
152.4--dc20 96-22522
CIP
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
96 97 98 99 00 01 BC 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
Contributors xv
Preface xix
PART I
Theoretical Perspectives
CHAPTER 1
Emotions and the Aging Brain
Regrets and Remedies
Jaak Panksepp and Anesa Miller
I. Introduction 3
II. Emotional Learning and the Aging Brain 4
III. The Basic Emotional Systems 6
IV. Brain Changes in Old Age 16
V. The Neurochemical Fountains of Youth: Slowing the Changes
of Old Age 18
VI. Closing Remarks 21
References 22
vi Contents
CHAPTER 2
Differential Emotions Theory and Emotional Development
in Adulthood and Later Life
Linda M. Dougherty, Jo Ann Abe, and Carroll E. Izard
I. Introduction 27
II. Differential Emotions Theory: An Overview 29
III. Some Principles of Life Span Emotional
Development 30
IV. Emotions in Adult Development and Aging 33
V. Other Models of Emotion in Adulthood 35
VI. Directions for Future Research 37
References 38
CHAPTER 3
Ethological Perspectives on Human Development
and Aging
Klaus E. Grossman
I. Introduction 43
II. Human Life and Culture 44
III. Illness and Disease as Threats to Well-Being, Health,
and to Life 45
IV. Senescence: Cultural Meaning and the Biology
of Aging 47
V. Parental and Kin Investment: Two Historical
Examples 50
VI. Conclusion from Ethological and Sociobiological
Perspectives 54
VII. Attachment Research across the Life Span 55
VIII. Attachment Representation and Life Satisfaction
in Elderly People 57
IX. Conclusions from Sociobiology, Ethology,
and Attachment Theory 60
References 62
Contents vii
CHAPTER 4
A Humanistic and Human Science Approach to Emotion
Constance T. Fischer
I. Introduction 67
II. Humanistic and Human Science Psychology 68
III. Empirical Phenomenological Research Method:
Describing What a Phenomenon Is 70
IV. Being Angry: An Empirical-Phenomenological Study 73
V. What Is Emotion? 76
VI. Developmental Considerations 78
VII. What Difference Does a Human-Science
Approach Make? 80
References 81
CHAPTER 5
Psychosocial Perspectives on Emotions
The Role of Identity in the Aging Process
Susan Krauss Whitbourne
I. Introduction 83
II. Conceptual Background 84
III. Empirical Investigations of Identity and Emotions 93
IV. Concluding Comments: Identity and Emotions
in Old Age 94
References 96
PAR T II
Affect and Cognition
CHAPTER 6
Emotion, Thought, and Gender
Gisela Labouvie-Vief
I. Introduction 101
II. Emotions and Thought 102
viii Contents
III. Thought and Gender 106
IV. Thought and Gender in Development 110
V. Conclusions 113
References 115
CHAPTER 7
Emotion and Cognition in Attachment
Victor G. Cicirelli
I. Introduction 119
II. Overview of Infant-Mother Attachment 120
III. Attachment in Adulthood 121
IV. Emotion and Cognition in Adulthood 123
V. Relation between Cognitions and Emotions 125
VI. A Three-Level Theory of Emotions and the Development
of Attachment 127
References 130
CHAPTER 8
Emotion and Memory
Kenneth T. Strongman
I. Introduction 133
II. Life Span Development 134
III. General Perspectives and Theory 142
IV. Now and the Future 144
References 145
CHAPTER 9
Emotion and Everyday Problem Solving
in Adult Development
Fredda Blanchard-Fields
I. Introduction 149
II. Conceptualizations of Everyday Problem Solving
in a Social Context 150
III. Adult Developmental Differences in Problem Solving 153
Contents ix
IV. The Role of Emotion in Everyday Problem Solving 155
V. Conclusions, Implications, and Future Directions 160
References 162
CHAPTER 1 0
Emotions in the Construction of Autobiography
Jan-Erik Ruth and Anni Vilkko
I. Introduction 167
II. The "Self" and "Emotion" as Narrative Constructs 167
III. The Collective Subjectivity of Gender and Class 169
IV. Continuity and Discontinuity of Emotion
in Life Stories 171
V. The Structure of Expressed Feelings 172
VI. Emotions, Metaphors, and Cultural Conventions 174
VII. EmotionalThemesandStoryTypes of the Life Course 174
VIII. Narratives of the Aging Body and the Ageless Self 176
X. Summary and Conclusions 177
References 178
PAR T III
Emotion and Relationships
CHAPTER 1 1
Connections between Parents and Their Adult Children
Lillian E. Troll and Karen L. Fingerman
I. Introduction 185
II. Issues of Definition 186
III. Behavior and Emotions 187
IV:. Developmental Change in Emotion over Life 190
V. Structure and Context of Parent-Child Contact 194
VI. Generational Differences in Attachment 197
VII. Measurement 199
VIII. Conclusion 199
References 200