Table Of Content’
Handbook of Africa s
International Relations
Africa’s international relations have often been defined and framed by the dominant international and
geopolitical agendas of the day. In the aftermath of colonialism, the Cold War became a dominant
paradigm that defined the nature of the continent’s relations with the rest of the world. In the post-
Cold War world, the contemporary forces of globalization are now exerting an undue influence and
impactonAfrica’sinternationalrelations.Historically,thecontinent’sabilityandcapacitytoadvanceits
interests has also been undermined by the lack of political will among African leaders to find ways to
addresstheirdifferencesandcollectivelysolvetheirproblems.However,increasingly,Africaisemergingas
a vocal and, in some respects, an influential actor in international relations. There is a paucity of ana-
lysis and research on Africa’s international relations, and this timely book proposes to fill this analytical
gap.Itwillappealtoundergraduates,postgraduatestudents,academics,policymakersanddevelopmental
practitioners who have an interest in Africa’s emerging role in the international sphere.
The emerging political prominence of the African continent on the world stage is predicated on an
evolvinginternalprocessofcontinentalintegration.Inparticular,therearenormativeandpolicyeffortsto
revive the spirit of Pan-Africanism and how it informs the continent’s international relations. Conse-
quently,thisbookwillalsoengagewiththeemergingroleoftheAfricanUnion(AU)asaninternationalactor.
The book will assess a selection of institutional developments, issues and policy frameworks that the
AUhasadoptedasavehicleforAfricainterests.Inaddition,thebookwillassesshowglobalgovernancehas
impacted on Africa and will also consider the continent’s evolving international partnerships.
Thebookisstructuredintofivepartswhichinclude contenton:
(cid:2) Theoriesand thehistorical evolutionof Africa’sinternational relations
(cid:2) Institutional developments relatingtotheAfrican Union
(cid:2) Issuesandpolicyareas onAfrica’sinternational relations
(cid:2) Globalgovernanceand Africa
(cid:2) Africaand international partnerships.
TimMurithiisaResearchFellowwiththeAfricanGenderInstituteattheUniversityofCapeTown
and the Head of the Justice and Reconciliation in Africa Programme at the Institute for Justice and
Reconciliation in Cape Town, South Africa. He is author of The African Union: Pan-Africanism, Peace-
building and Development, published by Ashgate, and The Ethics of Peacebuilding, published by Edinburgh
University Press.
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Handbook of Africa s
International Relations
Editor: Tim Murithi
RO Routledge
U
TLED Taylor & Francis Group
G
E
LONDON AND NEW YORK
Firsteditionpublished2014
byRoutledge
2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN
SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanada
byRoutledge
711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017
RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness
©2014Routledge
TherightofTimMurithitobeidentifiedaseditorofthisworkhasbeenassertedbyhimin
accordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988.
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilisedinany
formorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,nowknownorhereafterinvented,
includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,
withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers.
Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksorregisteredtrademarks,and
areusedonlyforidentificationandexplanationwithoutintenttoinfringe.
BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData
HandbookofAfrica'sinternationalrelations/editor,TimMurithi.–1sted.
p.cm.
Summary:"AnalysescurrentthemesinAfrica'sinternationalrelations.Discussesthegrowing
prominenceoftheAfricancontinentontheworldstage,theevolutionofPan-Africanismand
theemergingroleoftheAfricanUnionasaninternationalactor"–Providedbypublisher.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
1. Africa–Foreignrelations.2. AfricanUnion.3. Pan-Africanism. I.Murithi,Timothy.
JZ1773.H362013
327.6–dc23
2013006473
ISBN:978-1-85743-633-4(hbk)
ISBN:978-0-203-80392-9(ebk)
TypesetinBembo
byTaylor&FrancisBooks
EuropaCommissioningEditor:CathyHartley
Contents
List of illustrations ix
List of contributors x
Acknowledgements xvii
List of abbreviations xviii
1 Introduction: The evolution of Africa’s international relations 1
Tim Murithi
PARTI
Theories and historical evolution 9
2 Theoretical approaches to Africa’s international relations 11
Thomas Kwasi Tieku
3 Pan-Africanism and the international system 21
Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni
4 The impact of globalization on Africa 30
Berouk Mesfin
5 Africa’s international relations beyond the state: Insights from the Niger Delta 39
Cyril Obi
PARTII
Institutional developments 49
6 The African Peace and Security Architecture 51
Solomon Dersso
7 The AU New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD): The next
10 years 62
Tony Karbo
v
Contents
8 The African Union and regional economic communities: A partnership for
peace and security? 73
John Akokpari and Sarah Ancas
9 The African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance:
Business as usual? 82
Mireille Affa’a Mindzie
10 The African Union and a liberal peace agenda to conflict 94
Elias Omondi Opongo
11 Where global meets local: The politics of Africa’s emergent gender
equality regime 103
Toni Haastrup
PARTIII
Africa’s international relations: Issues and policy areas 113
12 Africa’s conception of security in transition: The continent’s approach to
multilateral interventions, from Nkrumah to the Africa Standby Force 115
Romain Esmenjaud
13 Africa and international trade policy: Contesting the World Trade
Organization and Economic Partnership Agreements 125
Emezat H. Mengesha
14 Borders and boundaries: Containing African international migration 134
Bina Fernandez
15 Power sharing as a conflict resolution mechanism in Africa 145
Katia Papagianni
PARTIV
Global governance and Africa 153
16 Africa and international peace operations 155
Cedric de Coning
17 Africa and the International Criminal Court 165
Thomas Obel Hansen
18 Africa, refugees and internally displaced persons 180
Kwesi Sansculotte-Greenidge
vi
Contents
19 The Responsibility to Protect and Africa’s international relations 187
Adam Branch
20 The African Union and the protection of civilians: Can Africa protect its
most vulnerable populations? 197
Walter Lotze
21 Africa and international human rights: Assessing national human rights
institutions 207
Liza Sekaggya
22 Africa and global climate change: Impacts, vulnerabilities and
adaptation challenges 219
Elena Lioubimtseva
23 Africa and the global trade in illicit small arms and light weapons 231
Dorcas Ettang
24 Africa and the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission 241
Grace Maina
25 The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund in Africa 251
Paul Clements
26 Official development assistance to Africa 261
George Klay Kieh, Jr
27 Africa and transnational organized crime: Financing insecurity
and narco-terrorism 272
Kwesi Aning
28 Terrorism and the Islamist challenge in the North African Maghreb:
A critical assessment 282
Valentina Bartolucci
29 Private military companies in Africa 292
Yvette Selim
PARTV
Africa and international partnerships 303
30 Africa and the European Union: An assessment of the Joint Africa-EU
Strategy (JAES) 305
Andrew Sherriff and John Kotsopoulos
vii
Contents
31 Africa’s continental and regional integration: An assessment of EU-EAC
trade relations 316
Doreen Alusa and Kenneth Omeje
32 The European Union promoting human rights and democracy in Africa 324
Lorenzo Fioramonti
33 Africa and China: Old stories or new opportunities? 333
Henning Melber
34 Africa and the US AFRICOM 343
Jack Mangala
35 India’s sojourn to Africa 356
Zachariah Mampilly
36 Japan in Africa: From Cold War diplomacy to TICAD and beyond 367
Seifudein Adem
37 The dynamics of South-South co-operation in the context of Africa and
Latin America relations 377
Gustavo Barros de Carvalho
38 IBSA or BRICS: What is preferable for South Africa and
Africa—both or none? 387
Gladys Lechini and Clarisa Giaccaglia
39 Iran-Africa relations: The troubled bridge of Third World dialogue 397
Jason Warner and Carol Jean Gallo
40 Conclusion: The prospects for Africa’s international relations 408
Tim Murithi
Index 412
viii
Illustrations
Figures
27.1 Levels of state polarity on narcotics-democracy index 276
Tables
22.1 Regional mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation change
scenarios for the period centred around 2050, simulated by 20
Atmosphere Ocean Circulation Models 221
26.1 The top recipients of American ODA to Africa, 2007–09 265
26.2 The top recipients of British ODA to Africa, 2007–09 266
26.3 The top recipients of French ODA to Africa, 2007–09 266
26.4 The top recipients of ODA from the International Development Association of
the World Bank, 2007–09 267
26.5 The top recipients of ODA from the EU, 2007–09 267
26.6 The African states with the lowest Human Development Indexes (HDIs) 268
27.1 Impact of criminal networks on selected public institutions in West Africa 276
ix
Description:Africa’s international relations have often been defined and oriented by the dominant international and geopolitical agendas of the day. In the aftermath of colonialism the Cold War became a dominant paradigm that defined the nature of the continent’s relationship with the rest of the world. The
