Handbook of adhesive technology

1468 Pages·1994·14.61 MB·English

by  Antonio Pizzi

title: Handbook of Adhesive Technology
author: Pizzi, A.
publisher: CRC Press
isbn10 | asin: 0824789741
print isbn13: 9780824789749
ebook isbn13: 9780585157467
language: English
subject Adhesives.
publication date: 1994
lcc: TP968.H347 1994eb
ddc: 668/.3
subject: Adhesives.
Page i
Handbook of Adhesive Technology
edited by
A. Pizzi
University of the Witwatersrand
Johannesburg, South Africa
K. L. Mittal
Skill Dynamics, an IBM Company
Thornwood, New York
M D , I .
ARCEL EKKER NC
N Y B
EW ORK ASEL
Page ii
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Handbook of adhesive technology / edited by A. Pizzi, K. L. Mittal.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8247-8974-1 (alk. paper)
1. Adhesives. I. Pizzi, A. (Antonio). II. Mittal, K. L.
TP968.H347 1994
668'.3--dc20 944800
CIP
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Copyright © 1994 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in
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publisher.
Marcel Dekker, Inc.
270 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016
Current printing (last digit):
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Page iii
PREFACE
Bonding different materials together by means of an adhesive may
appear to most people as a mundane occurrence. In reality a great deal
of technology backs the apparently simple action of bonding. Thus, a
complex and advanced technology, or series of technologies, has
arisen to deal with adhesives and their applications in many fields.
The diversity of substrates and the continuous introduction of new
processes and materials has ensured that the field of adhesives
technology is one of the more swiftly expanding manufacturing
endeavors. Some excellent handbooks on adhesives already exist
although there are very few indeed. However, the expansion and
diversity of this field has by necessity limited the number of
technologies and relevant aspects described in such volumes. This
volume is no exception to such a trend.
The editors and authors do not pretend that overlaps with other similar
works do not exist since basic background is often necessary to
understand more advanced concepts. This volume however covers
some aspects of technology that are not described in other volumes of
this type. It also often looks at already reported technologies from a
very different angle. It is hoped that such a volume will help to fill
some of the technological gaps between the existing literature and
industrial reality.
The volume is divided into four main sections, the first being an
introductory overview. The remaining three sections are concerned
with (1) fundamental aspects, (2) adhesive classes, and (3) some fields
in which application of adhesives is very extensive. All the
contributors are known specialists in their fields who practice their
specialties on a daily basis. Their chapters are the results of
considerable knowledge and experience in their particular niches.
It is a pleasant duty for the editors and authors, on completing a
volume of this nature, to acknowledge the help willingly given by
friends, colleagues, their companies, and their institutions. Without
their help and encouragement most of the chapters presented would
not have seen the light of day. Last, but definitely not least, our thanks
go to Marcel Dekker, Inc. and its staff for originating this book, for
their help and encouragement, and for prompting us to finish it.
A. PIZZI
K. L. MITTAL
Page v
CONTENTS
Preface iii
Contributors ix
I. Review Topics
1. Historical Development of Adhesives and Adhesive 3
Bonding
Fred A. Keimel
II. Fundamental Aspects
2. Theories and Mechanisms of Adhesion 19
J. Schultz and M. Nardin
3. Application of Plasma Technology for Improved 35
Adhesion of Materials
Om S. Kolluri
4. Silane and Other Adhesion Promoters in Adhesive 47
Technology
Peter Walker
5. Testing of Adhesives 65
K. L. DeVries and P. R. Borgmeier
6. Physical Testing of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive 93
Systems
John Johnston
7. Durability of Adhesive Joints 113
Guy D. Davis and D. Kent Shaffer
8. Analysis of Adhesives 129
David N.-S. Hon
9. Fracture of Adhesive-Bonded Wood Joints 151
Bryan H. River
10. Spectroscopic Techniques in Adhesive Bonding 179
W. J. van Ooij
11. Ultraviolet Stabilization of Adhesives 229
Douglas Horsey
12. Thermal Stabilization of Adhesives 241
Neal J. Earhart, Ambu Patel, and Gerrit Knobloch
Page vi
III. Adhesive Classes
13. Protein Adhesives for Wood 259
Alan L. Lambuth
14. Animal Glues and Adhesives 283
Charles L. Pearson
15. Carbohydrate Polymers as Adhesives 299
Melissa G. D. Baumann and Anthony H. Conner
16. Natural Rubber-Based Adhesives 315
Sadhan K. De
17. Polysulfide Sealants and Adhesives 319
Naim Akmal and A. M. Usmani
18. Phenolic Resin Adhesives 329
A. Pizzi
19. Natural Phenolic Adhesives I: Tannin 347
A. Pizzi
20. Natural Phenolic Adhesives II: Lignin 359
A. Pizzi
21. Resorcinol Adhesives 369
A. Pizzi
22. Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesives 381
A. Pizzi
23. Melamine-Formaldehyde Adhesives 393
A. Pizzi
24. Polyurethane Adhesives 405
Dennis G. Lay and Paul Cranley
25. Polyvinyl and Ethylene-Vinyl Acetates 431
Ken Geddes
26. Unsaturated Polyester Adhesives 443
A. Pizzi
27. Hot-Melt Adhesives 451
A. Pizzi
28. Reactive Acrylic Adhesives 459
Dennis J. Damico
29. Anaerobic Adhesives 467
Richard D. Rich
30. Aerobic Acrylics: Increasing Quality and Productivity 481
with Customization and Adhesive/Process Integration
Andrew G. Bachmann
31. Technology of Cyanoacrylate Adhesives for Industrial 509
Assembly
William G. Repensek
32. Silicone Adhesives and Sealants 521
Loren D. Lower and Jerome M. Klosowski
33. Epoxy Resin Adhesives 531
T. M. Goulding
34. Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives 549
T. M. Goulding
35. Electrically Conductive Adhesives 565
Alan M. Lyons and D. W. Dahringer