Table Of ContentRecordsofthe WesternAustralianMuseum23: 359-392 (2007).
Halacarid mites (Acari: Halacaridae) from Esperance, Western Australia:
Notes on taxonomy and faunal distribution of non-Copidognathinae
UseBartsch
DeutschesZentrumfiirMarineBiodiversitatsforschung,ForschungsinstitutSenckenberg,
Notkestr.85,22607Hamburg,Germany,e-mail:[email protected]
Abstract - A recent survey on the halacarid fauna of Esperance (Western
Australia) resulted in records of more than 40 species. The genera, and in
parentheses the number ofspecies, are; Actacarus(1), Agaue(4), Agauopsis
(H3a),laAcrahroedleloupsor(u2)s,(2H),alAtaeclaorpospalsiiss(1)(,1)B,raHdaylaagcaaureus(1),(4C)o,piLdoohgmnaantnheulsl(aca1(32)),,
Rhombognathus(5),Scaptognathus(1),Shnognathus(3)and Werthella(1).In
the present study the copidognathine genera Copidognathusand Werthella
are excluded. Data on relevant taxonomic characters and distribution are
given for 30 non-copidognathine species. Five species new to science are
described;thespeciesbelongtothegeneraAgaue,Agauopsis,Arhodeoporus,
Halacarus, and Scaptognathus. The diversity of non-copidognathine species
collectedfromEsperanceanditsvicinityisdistinctlylowerthanthatcollected
on Rottnest Island (52 named non-copidognathmes). Almost two-third (19
species) ofthespeciesfrom Esperancehavealsobeen takenin otherareasof
Australia,andabouthalfofthespeciesareknownfromRottnestIsland.
Key words; Western Australia, southern coast, Halacaridae, list of species,
descriptions,biogeography
INTRODUCTION temperate climate zone of Australia (Knox, 1963;
cAouIsnntsritadhleeiraanpbalshetaliatncwcaorreiaddseefcaauidnneas,kntehsoepwrelceeiadhlgalesy btohefaetnthoeaf wOeti'nHatale,rra1is9a9an9bd;ouPKoteon1rd3er-,i1c250k°0C0,e)t.inaTlsh,eu2mw0m0a5et)er.raTtrheoemupntedrwao2t2u°mrCaej(oiLrni
WesternAustralia.Atpresent28speciesareknown ecuarsrtewnatrsdalfolnogwiAnugstLrealeiuaw'isnsocuutrhreerntn,cboarsitnlgiinnegarweatrhme
fspreocmietsropfircoalmntohrethw-awresmt-etrenmpDearmaptieerwaenstdearbnouatre8a0, wWaetsetrertno AEusspterarlainac,eafnrdomthtehewewsetswtearrnd cfolaoswtinogf
fwaruhtoihmcohRroltihtesanedosnttIthsheleaosnpodpuootfrhftePurennritctho.yasIttn.oFFeivbrissrtiutaorbEyssep2re0v0ra3at,nicotenh,es FVCilicirtnaodnreiorasatConudrErsepMneitrd,adnltcereatno(snMp,iodrd2tl0i0ne4gt)o.wnaaTtnehrdeCmciaorsaassnetosl,in2fe0r0o2im;s
ogRnehnoetmhrbeaofgAanguaanutaohpuassni,ds,desBScriraimdpoytgainognaasuteho,ufssLpoehcmaianesndnoefllttahh,ee eaxnpdotsheedwtaovaelmaocsttiocnocnatninbueousisgnSiofuitchanetrnevOecneiannrsawtehlelr
copidognathine genus Werthella have been protected areas (Short, 2006). The coastline includes
spVmiouocubrttleohir-sfiehoaae,lsdltoeNrrweneciwenannttdSlhyeoeuap(tsrBhteaesrretWnnsatcclhoceaos2sn0tt0ra4oianfb,duAtu2iQs0otun0r.5eabelF-ineras),ol,mafnartdnohd,me aacw(raiSmeltaaochnsaddreefweririonasutetoshengscrvleeiaadtfriifisnma,eelet,dnryto2,sco0ifk0las0hin)acad.beniotpduTaashttsescms,rhaaeellnsolda,nrobgefarayolnrscicokmuweyaimsttatehhonebngaceerdoaoalrcrevahseeneefdss,s
snWleuismgthbteelryrnmiAosurseitrntachloiamanp,l1ea0ts0e,sapelacasiregteshaaptraerftrreoocfmortdhteehde,hatblruaotcpaitrchiaidls (tiWdVealallrrsiaoneutgseali.ss,ugb2e0sn0te5rr)aa.tlaTl,yidlaeelssgsaater,heanssee1mamig-rda(isSushroernsta,,l2ca0o0nl6do)n.itahel
fauna still is undescribed. World-wide more than organisms and sediments, were collected from the
1000 marine halacarid species are known (Bartsch, tidal and shallow subtidal zone, some few samples
2004b). are from depth of 10^0 m. Ifnotstated otherwise,
the material was collected by the author. The
STUDYAREAANDMETHODS meiofauna, including the mites, was extracted by
WeEsstpeerrnanAcues,trasliitau,ataetd33o°n5TtSh,e12s1o°u5t3hEe,rnliecsoaisntthoef wlaacsthiicngactihde saunbdstrmatoau.nTtheedmiitnesglwyecreericnleearjeedlliy.n
360 I. Bartsch
Holotypes, paratypes and voucher specimens are setae. TarsusI with one to threeventral setae.Tarsi
depositedintheWesternAustralian Museum, Perth IIIand IVwithoutventralsetae (exceptforthatone
(WAM), other slides in the Senckenberg Museum, of the parambulacral setae is moved to a ventral
Frankfurt (SMF) and the Zoological Institute and position). Solenidion on tarsus II in dorsolateral
Zoological Museum, Hamburg (ZMH). Diagnostic position. Paired claws distinct and present on all
data given to species are based on material from legs. Claw-like process of median sclerite minute.
Esperance. Rarecharacterstatesarein parentheses. Trito- and deutonymphal instar reduced; no more
Information on collection sites is restricted to new than one nymph (the protonymph) during
material,notstudied and publishedbefore. Toeach ontogeny. The subfamily of Copidognathinae
species the known geographical distribution is includes the genera Acarothrix, Copidognathides,
given; the citation of the source of these data is Copidognathus, Phacacarus, and Werthella. The
restricted to references not mentioned in the non-copidognathine genera, treated below, have a
precedinglines. character combination different from that just
Abbreviations used in the descriptions are: AD = outlined.
anterior dorsal plate; AE = anterior epimeral plate;
ds-1 to ds-5 = first to fifth pairs of dorsal setae
numberedfromanteriorbackward;GA=genitoanal GenusActacarusSchulz,1937
plate; glp-1 to glp-5 = pair(s) of gland pores
numbered 1 to 5 from anterior backward; GO = ActacaruspacificusBartsch,1979
genital opening; GP = genital plate; OC = ocular ActacaruspacificusBartsch, 1979a: 231-234, figures
spleagtmee(nst);(s)P;-2patos P=-4pa=rasmebcuolnadcratlo fsoetuar(teh);paPlDpal= 313--1344;,Bfairgtusrceh,2A19-9C3;d:Ba7r5t,sc7h6,,2f0i0g3urde:21;5-A2b7,^fi1g9u9r7:e
posterior dorsal plate; PE = posterior epimeral 2A-D.
plate(s); pgs = perigenital setae; sgs = subgenital
setae, sgs-1 to sgs-5 are numbered from anterior Actacarus orthotectus Newell, 1984: 245-247,
backward. Theepimeral plates and legs, with their figures705-707(cfBartsch, 1996a).
sseeggmmeennttssaanrdectlrawosc,haanrteern,umbbaseirfeedmuIrt,o ItVe.loTfheemulre,g Act3aac-aer,u4sam-aer(icnfdBiacrutsschO,tt2o0,032d0)0.0c: 116-119, figures
genu, tibia, and tarsus. The setation formula ofthe
legs presents the number of setae from trochanter NewMaterial
otoftsaertsaues.oUfnltehsestsatrastiedinoctlhuedrewsistehtehesoglievneindinounmbbeurt 78A3u1s7t,ra1limaa:leW,esWteArnMAuTst7r8a3l1i8a,: 1Esfpeemraalnec,e,WALuMckyT
excludes famulus and parambulacral setae. The Bay, 33°59'S, 122°13'E, shallow water sediment, BO-
positionofasetaorglandporeisgiveninadecimal BO cm below low water line, 15 February 2003; 1
system with reference to the length of the relevant female, 1 male,ZMH,collectiondataasabove.
structure, from its anterior to posterior or basal to
distalend. Remarks
Characters of A. pacificus are: length of female
ANNOTATEDLISTANDDESCRIPTIONOF 259—263 pm, of male 251—269 pm; dorsal and
SPECIES ventral plates separate and delicately punctate; OC
distinctly longer than wide; AE with four pairs of
Thegenera arearranged in analphabeticalorder, setae, PE with two ventral setae; ovipositor
not in subfamilies, as some, though not all of the extending beyond anterior margin of GA;
present day subfamilies are not natural units. The integumentofpalpsfaintlypunctate;P-4withshort
subfamily of Copidognathinae, which is excluded spur; tibia I with three apparently smooth ventral
from the present study, is based on a unique setae and tibiae III and IV each with a long,
combination of characters with several bipectinateseta.
synapomorphies. The characters are: AE of all Seven named species of Actacarus are known
instars with epimeral pores. Number of genital from Australia, thejustmentioned A.pacificus, as
acetabula reduced, adults with no more than one wellasA. australisBartsch, 1993, A. chelonisOtto,
pair of acetabula. Palps three- to four-segmented; 2000, A. cornutus Otto, 2000, A. festivus Bartsch]
onesetaonP-2,noneonP-3(orinpartrepresenting 2003, A. nar^us Otto, 2000, and A. spinosus Otto]
P-3); one to three setae in basal whorl ofP-4 (or in 2000 (Bartsch, 1993d, 2003d; Otto, 2000c)]
part representing P-4). One pair of maxillary setae Actacarus pacificus, A. nanus and A. spinosus
on rostrum, one pair (rarely more pairs) on have four pairs of setae on the AE. Actacarus
gnathosomal base. Genua of all legs shorter than pacificusand A. nanuscan be distinguished from
adjoining tibiae and telofemora. Genua I and II in the others by the size of the OC and AE and the
general with four setae. Tibiae I and II with two to ornamentationofP-2. A.pacificushaselongateOC
threeventralsetae,tibiaeIIIandIVwithtwoventral with a gland pore in the posterior third, the AE
HalacaridmitesfromEsperance 361
does not reach the level of the posterior setae of Distributionandecology
thePE, andtheP-2arefaintly punctate, incontrast Western Australia, Esperance and Rottnest
the OC of A. nanus are short, the gland pore is Island. An epibiontic species, often present on
almost in the middle of the plate, the AE extends seagrass or large algal fronds, in a depth range
almost to the level of the posterior setae of the PE from0.5to 11 m.
and theinsertionoflegIV, and theP-2arecoarsely
punctate. Actacarus spinosus is characterized by
its tibia I, with one of the ventral setae being Agauesimilissp.nov.
coarsely bipectinate, and the P-4, with one of the Figure IB-F,2A-F
setaethickenedandbent.
Material examined
Distributionandecology Holotype
WesternAustralia(Esperance,RottnestIslandand female, WAM T 78321, near Dempster Head,
Dampier),HawaiianIsland,Chile(RobinsonCrusoe 33°53'S, 121°54'E, Esperance, Western Australia,
Island), Japan (Hokkaido). Present inintertidal and Australia, from moderately exposed lower tidal
shallowsubtidal(10m)sandydeposits. brown algae {Acrocarpia robusta Agardh)
(J.
Womersley),9February2003.
GenusAgaueLohmann,1889
Paratype
AgauebrevipesBartsch,1999 Australia: Western Australia: 1 female, ZMH,
FigurelA collectiondataasabove.
AgauebrevipesBartsch, 1999c:343-346,figures6A-
Furthermaterial
K,7A-D. Australia: Western Australia: 1 male, WAM T
NewMaterial 7S312, Nine Mile Beach, 33°53'S, 121°47'E, tufts of
Australia: Western Australia: 1 female, WAM T algae onwave-washed edge oflimestone platform,
78319, 1 male, WAM T 78320, Esperance, Duke of 18 February 2003; 1 male, SMF, collection data as
Orleans Bay, 33°55'S, 122°35'E, seagrass {Posidonia above.
sp.) from 0.5 m belowwaterline, 10February2003;
1 female,ZMH,EsperanceBay,33°50'S,121°56'E,11 Etymology
m depth, from Scaberia agardhii Greville This species is extraordinarily similar (similis,
(Phaeophyta), 11 February2003. Latin) in shape and chaetotaxy to the above
mentioned A. brevipes.
Remarks
The length of the female idiosoma is 556 pm, of Diagnosis
the male 390 pm, of the gnathosoma 200 and 195 Length of female 480-495 pm, of male 470 pm.
pm respectively. The dorsal and epimeral plates Cerotegumental lamellae of idiosoma small,
bearsmoothcerotegumentallamellae,suchlamellae smooth. AD and PD with pair of smooth lamellae
arepresentalsoonthetelofemora,genuaandtibiae, indistinctly delimited. Pairs of ds-2, ds-3 and ds-4
andontrochantersIIIandIV.Thedorsalsetaeds-2, longer than ds-1 and ds-5. Female perigenital setae
ds-3 and ds-4 are distinctly longer than ds-1. The close around GO, no setae near anterior margin of
PE bears three dorsal setae anterior to leg III and GA.PEwiththreedorsalsetaeanteriortoinsertions
one seta anterior to leg IV. In the female theGOis of legs III but none anterior to leg IV.
closetotheanteriorhalfoftheGA, thereisaringof Cerotegumental lamella of telofemora smooth,
18-21 setae around the GO, the ovipositor extends narrow. Dorsal seta onboth P-2 and P-3 smooth in
beyond theGO.In themaletheGOisinthemiddle female and male. Claws with accessory process,
of the GA, and 21 and 76 pgs are in an inner and pectines on accessory process and shaft with
outerring, respectively.Thedorsal setaeofP-2and numeroustines.
P-3 are slender in both females and males. The
number of setae on trochanter to tibia are on the Description
legs I and II 1, 2, 5, 4, 11, on leg III 2, 2, 3, 4, 9 and Female. Length 480-A95 pm, length of holotype
on legIV 0, 2, 3, 3, 8-9.The lengthofall telofemora 492 pm, width 342 pm. Surface of dorsal plates
itsolIeVsstthheanletnhgrteheetqiumaelsst2h.e6-h2e.i9g,ht2.,3-f2r.o4m, 2t.e4l-o2f.e6maurndI carlemsto-sltikes.moLoetnhg,thcoefroAtDegu1m4e2ntpaml,lwaimdetlhlae157smaplml;,
2.5-2.7 the height, respectively. Each of the paired plate widest level with gland pores (Figure IB),
claws bear a large accessory process. Tines of with parallel cerotegumental lamellae. Posterior
pectines are present on the accessory process and margin truncate. Length of OC 84 pm, width 70
theshaftofclaw,withagapbetween(FigurelA). pm; OC with two corneae; pore canaliculus
362 I.Bartsch
immediately anterior to gland pore. Length of PD longer than P-3. As in male (Figure IE) P-2 with
P2a3i0rpofm,ds-w1idsmtahll1,5o5npAmD; aafnttehreiloervemlaorfggilnantdrupnocraetse.. Pl-o4ngwidtorhsfaolusretsae,taPe-,3twhirteehisnhobrats,asllwehndoerrldaonrdsaolnseetian,
Pairs of ds-2, ds-3 and ds-4 in striated integument, middle of segmenf; apex with two spurs and one
longerthands-1.Pairofds-5short,onPD. setula.
Ventral plates smooth. Length of AE 144 pm, Legs slender; leg I slightly shorter than leg IV.
width272 pm. Withthreepairsofventralsetaeand Telofemora oflegs I and II longer than their tibiae,
distinct markings from muscle insertion (Figure telofemora III and IV about as long as tibiae
1C). PE withthreedorsal setaeanteriortoinsertion (Figures IF, 2A-C). All telofemora and basifemora
of leg III, fhree ventral setae but no dorsal seta III and IV with smooth and narrow dorsal and
LanetnegrtihorotfoiGnsAert1i6o7nopfml,egwIiVd.fLhen1g2t2hopfmP.EA2n1t2erpimo.r vraetnitoral(wcietrhootuetgumceenrtoatlegluammeelnltaael. Lleanmgetlhlrahee)ighotf
omppfeamrGr.iggODeiinnasitbtaaorlnuoctsueenhfbadaleeeftdcwl.leeonesWgnefihaatnrhotofeursGnieOodv.reGmnOa.rtgoLiennnigonftehGoApfaifGroOsth5oa7tf ITlf,aeergl1s,oifI2Iwe,,mi5ot1,rh,a4l,2a,Ir1-1gI4,e,V,f5o4s,2(s.c8al1,u0ms,et2.em34rb,ro(fa2c.nl7ee,uusspt2.a.et8rC:hh1i,oadfeirtaeoesfuepaxpecxaclyttuihodvifeeddlli)yea;.g
wiGdnea;fhleonsgotmha1s7l4endpemr,, walimdotsht 9t0wicpem.asRolosntgruams 3e.xcDlourdseadl);sleetgaIoIIn,2b,o2t,h3-b4a,s4i,f9e,m3u;rleIIgIIaVn,d1',I2,V3w,i3d,e9!,
basllaemsnoedset(r,Feiqmguouarrle-esitIzDhe)ad.n.tTTwewiccoetutpmhaeiwrlisetnhogftshcmaoalfxiifglonrlamatrhlyoamsseoelmtlaaal.e wtTiiibbtiihaaeetIhIIrIeaaenndddoIrIIsVeaalwcifhtohswsifatorhuyrtssweetotaaepe,aiitrnhseliotnfew.voeTnadtrirssaitlalIsteootnaIeeVs;
Palps extending to end of rostrum. P-4 hardly situated paired on fossa membranes. Lateral fossa
HalacaridmitesfromEsperance 363
Figure2 A-F. Agauesimilissp. nov.. A, basifemur to tarsus II, medial, female; B, leg III, medial, female; C, leg IV,
medial, female;D, tarsusI, lateral (medialsetaeand clawomitted), female; E, tarsusII, medial (lateralsetae
andclawomitted),female;F,genitoanalplate,male.Scale=50pm.
membraneoftarsusIwithshortsolenidion(15 pm) sgs-1 to sgs-3 and sgs-5 wide, sgs-4 more slender,
and afferent canal representing vestigial famulus bristle-like. Gnathosoma as in female. P-2 and P-3
(Figure 2D). Solenidion on tarsus II on medial eachwithslenderdorsalseta (Figure IE). Legsasin
membrane, 10 pm long (Figure 2E). Tips of tarsi I female.
and II with 12 and 6 eupathidia, respectively. Tips
oftarsiIIIandIVeachwithpairofpas. Remarks
Pairedclawswithwidenedaccessoryprocess,this Agaue similis is very similar to the Australian
process with about 10 tines, shaft of claw with species A. brevipes and A. tenuipes Bartsch, 1999
about12tines. Centralscleritewith small tooth-like (Bartsch, 1999c) in the shape of the idiosoma,
process. gnathosoma and legs and the cerotegumental
Male. Length 470 pm. PD slightly larger than in ornamentationbutdiffersinthatthePElacksdorsal
female (relative to its size), in male 247 pm long, setae anterior to the insertion of leg IV and the
180 pm wide. Plate extending further beyond ds-4 accessoryprocessontheclawsonlyslightlyextends
than in female but not reaching level of ds-3. beyondthearcoftheclaws.
Genitoanal plate larger than in female, length 222 ThetypicalcombinationofcharactersofA.similis
pm, width 169 pm; length of GO 62 pm, width 50 is: dorsal plates and legs with smooth
pm. Spermatopositor large, length 137 pm, width cerotegumental lamellae; lamellae on AD parallel;
97 pm, reachingtoanteriortruncatemarginofGA. PE with three dorsal setae anterior to insertion of
Distancefrom anteriormarginofGO to thatofGA legIIIbutnoneanteriortolegIV;infemaledistance
1.5 times length of GO. Perigenital setae arranged between GO and anteriormargin ofGA somewhat
in two rings around GO, inner ring with 22 setae, less than half length of GO, 7-9 pairs of pgs
outer ring with 90 setae (Figure 2F). Setae of inner arranged closetoGO,noneoutlying; dorsalsetaon
ring apically splitted into three to four filaments; both P-2 and P-3 smooth, tibiae cylindrical, not
setae ofouter ring seemingly more slender though markedly club-shaped; claws with pectines. The
at high magnification (oil immersion) slightly Western Australian A. subglabra Bartsch, 1999
plumulose, too. Each genital sclerite with five sgs, (Bartsch, 1999d) resembles A. similis, but
364 I.Bartsch
discriminating character of A. subglabra are, the Supplementarydescription
cerotegumental lamellae on the AD are in a gable- Length of male idiosoma 470 pm, length of
like arrangement, the distance from the GO to the gnathosoma 197 pm. Cerotegumental lamellae on
marginofGOequalsthelengthofGO,theheightof AD gable-like. Anterior cornea slightly larger than
the dorsal cerotegumental lamellae of the posterior one. Gland pore and pore canaliculus
telofemora is at least half that of the segment, and separated. PD rather narrow, its length 227 pm,
theclawsbearminutetinesontheshaft. Femalesof width 150 pm; its pair of cerotegumental lamellae
Agavekurilensis Makarova, 1977 have, in contrast fused posteriorly. Pairoflamellaeand anteriorpart
to A. sinviis, a larger number ofpgs and the large of PD with faint foveate sculpturing (Figure 3A).
GOisremovedfromtheanteriormarginoftheGA. Anal conedistinct. Pairsofds-2, ds-3and ds-4only
Agaue kurilensis is recorded from the cold- slightlylongerthands-1 andds-5;ds-4inmarginor
temperate Kurilen Islands (Makarova, 1977). In just outside PD. Ventral plates with thin
Agaue magellanica Newell, 1971 the cerotegumental cover. PE with three dorsal setae
cerotegumental lamellae on the AD form a gable; anterior to insertion of leg III, two of these setae
GthAeiinstleersvsalanbdettwheeecnlatwhesaanntdertiionresmaarregimnorofeGslOenadnedr ecldogseeotofiPnEs,erdtiisotninocftllyegreIImI,oovneedsfertaomcltosweotfooalnltoewriinogr
thanin A.similis. setae. No dorsal seta anterior toinsertion ofleg IV.
Agaue circellaris Bartsch, 1999, A. hamiltoni Ventral setaeon AEand PE short; anteriorsetaeon
Womersley, 1937 and A. heterunguis Newell 1984 AE inserted medial to internal apodemes (Figure
are known from their males only. The single 3B).LengthofGA 192 pm,width 147 pm, lengthof
record of Agaue circellaris is from Western GO 47 pm, width 37 pm. Spermatopositor 90 pm
Australia, those of A. hamiltoni and A. long, 78 pm wide.Distancefromanteriormarginof
heterunguis from the west coast of Macquarie GOto thatofGAequalling 1.4 times length ofGO,
Island and from off Chile, respectively distancefromposteriormarginofGOtoendofanal
(Womersley, 1937; Newell, 1984; Bartsch, 1999c). cone 1.6 times length of GO. GO surrounded by
Agaue circellaris can be easily separated from slightly divaricate perigenital setae, 15 setae in an
other species on the basis of its long gnathosoma, inner ring and about 50 in an outer ring (Figure
slender palps and the arrangement ofsetae on the 3C). Genital sclerites with five pairs of wide and
P-4, A. heterunguis because of its unusual claws, flattened sgs. Gnathosoma slender; length of
with few largetines butno accessory process, and rostrum about twice that of gnathosomal base.
absence of cerotegumental lamellae on the Tectum scaliform. Setae on P-2 and P-3 slender
telofemora. The male GA of A. hamiltoniis much (Figure 3D). Telofemora I to IV with dorsal
longer than in A. similis. The stated number of cerotegument, heightoflamellae about 0.35 ofthat
dorsal setae on the PE (two instead of three) ofA. of segment; ventral lamellae present in distal half.
hamiltoniisprobablyanerror. Tibiaewithoutlamellae.TelofemoraI toIV3.0,2.7,
Three setae on the PE anterior to the insertion of 2.4 and 2.6 times longer than high, respectively.
leg III are expected to be present in A. debilis Telofemora I and II longer than these legs' tibiae;
(Lohmann, 1907), too. The illustration (Lohmann, telofemurIValmostas long as tibia IV. Chaetotaxy
1907: figure 4,1) is said to represent a female, oftrochanterstotibiaeItoIV:legsIand II, 1,2,5,4,
accordingly, the adult has unusual narrow dorsal 11,legIII,2, 2,3,4,8;legIV,0,2,3,4,8.Clawswith
plates, resembling those generally present in accessory process apically and four to six very
nymphs. delicatetinesonshaft(Figure3E).
Distributionandecology Remarks
Western Australia, Esperance. From wave- The male resembles A. similis in that the
washedtuftsofalgae. idiosoma and legs have cerotegumental lamellae
and the PE bears three dorsal setae anterior to the
insertion of leg III but none anterior to leg IV, but
AgauesubglabraBartsch,1999 the present male differs from that of A. similis on
Figure3A-E tliebasisoftheroundedGAwithasmallernumber
Agaue subglabra Bartsch, 1999d: 184-187, figures of perigenital setae (65 vs more than 100), smaller
23-30. spermatopositor (not reaching anterior margin of
GA vs reaching to or extending beyond that
NewMaterial WAM margin)andtheclaws(withfew,verydelicatetines
Australia: Western Australia: 1 male, T vsnumerousdistincttines).
78323, Esperance, New Island, 34°01'S, 122°13'E, 7 Agaue subglabra was described from Rottnest
m depth, from epiflora and fauna on Haliotis sp. Island on the basis of a single female (Bartsch,
(Gasfropoda) (coll. A.F. Longbottom), 6 February 1999d). The newly collected male from Esperance
2003. sharescharacterswiththefemaleA.subglabrasuch
HalacaridmitesfromEsperance 365
asshapeofcerotegumental lamellae, size ofds-2to gnathosoma is 232 pm long. The idiosoma and
ds-4, arrangement ofdorsal setaeon PE anterior to telofemora have smooth lamellae as described by
insertion of leg III, length of gnathosoma, length Bartsch(1999c). Thepairsofds-2, ds-3 and ds-4are
relation of rostrum to gnathosomal base, and longer than the ds-1. The pore canaliculus on the
reduced claw pectines on the claws. The two OC and the gland pore are immediately adjacent.
individualsareconsideredtobeconspecific. The PE bears three dorsal setae anterior to leg III
and onesetaanteriortolegIV, thespermatopositor
Distributionandecology extends almost to the anterior margin of the ovate
WesternAustralia,Esperance.Subtidal. GA. Thepgs are arranged around the GO, 74in an
outerand 23 in aninnerring, thesetaein the inner
ring are slightly plumose (oil immersion). The
AgauetenuipesBartsch,1999 dorsal seta of both P-2 and P-3 is slender. The
Figure3F telofemora are slender, from leg I to IV 3.3, 2.9, 3.3
AgauetenuipesBartsch, 1999c.341-343,figures4A- and 3.5 times longer than high. The number of
L,5A-D. saeret:ae1,,f2,ro5,m4,th1e1,torfoclheagnItIeI:r2,to2,ti3b,ia4,,9o,falnedgsofIlaengdIVI:I
NewMaterial 0, 2, 3, 3, 9. On the claws the accessory process
Australia: Western Australia: 1 male, WAM T extendsfarbeyond thearc; theclawsbearJ-shaped
78324,EsperanceBay,33°50'S,121°56'E,11 mdepth, pectines(Figure3F).
from Scaberia agardhii Greville (Phaeophyta), 11
February2003. Distributionandecology
WesternAustralia,EsperanceandRottnestIsland.
m
Remarks Anepibionticspecies,presentfrom1 to11 depth,
This single male has a length of556 pm, and the amongsttheepibiosonseagrassandalgalfronds.
Figure3 A-E. Agaue subglabra Bartsch, 1999, male. A, idiosoma, dorsal; B, idiosoma, ventral; C, genitoanal plate,
ventral;D,tipofpalpandchelicera;E,clawsontarsusIII.F.AgauetenuipesBartsch,1999,male,tipandone
ofclawsoftarsusI,lateral.Scale=50pm.
366 I.Bartscb
GenusAgauopsisViets,1927 panels (Figure 4B); outside porose panels
integument with very delicate foveae (oil
Agauopsiscalidictyotasp.nov. immersion). On AE each panel with 10-13
Figure4A-I canaliculi atthesurface and eitherone largeortwo
Material examined to four small alveoli in procuticula; on GA four to
five alveoli per panel. Length of AE 92 pm, width
Holotxjpe 154 pm. Porose areolae paired as illustrated; no
WAM
male, T 78325, Nine Mile Beach, 33°53'S, unpaired areola in the median. Plate with three
121°47'E, Esperance, Western Australia, Australia, pairs ofsetae; epimeral slits notseen. Length ofPE
tufts of algae on wave-washed edge of limestone 119 pm; with one dorsal and three ventral setae.
platform, 18February2003. Length of GA 123 pm, width 95 pm; with porose
panels along lateral margin and a pairoffive to six
Etymology panels just anterior to GO. Length of GO 38 pm,
paTnehles,nafmroemiskadleorsiv(eGdreferko)m, tbheeauotrifnualmeanntdaldpioktryoosne GwiAdtheq2u4alplmi.ngInte1r.v5'altibmeetsweelnenGgtOhanofd mGaOr.ginGoOf
(Greek),anet,areticulum;diktyotos, reticulated. surrounded by 25 wide, somewhat plumose pgs
(Figure 4C) and one pair of smooth outlying setae.
Diagnosis Genital sclerites with five pairs ofsubgenital setae,
two anterior and two of posterior pairs short,
MeLmebngetrhoofftmhaeleAg2a7u5oppsmi,swiotrnhatsamalglrofurpo.ntaPlDspwiinteh. setiform, middlepairofposteriorsetaespur-like.
Length of gnathosoma 67 pm, widfh 46 pm.
pairofpanelled costae near lateral margin ofplate; Gnathosomal base marginally with porose panels
deealcihcaptaeneslurwfiitcihallacrgaenalpircoucluit.icuAlEarwailtvheolpuasiraendd, (Figure4D).Rostrum 27pminlength,henceshorter
garland-like arranged porose panels. Rostrum thangnathosomalbase.Basalpairofmaxillarysefae
wshiotrhte3r,t2h,an3,gn1atshhoorsto,mabllunbtasley.eTnedlionfge,mudrenttoictuilbiaate1 orroonssgttnrrauumtm.h.osPP-oa2mlapwlsibtpahsaes,dsoiarpnsigaclasllspieagtihar;tliynP-pb3oeswtyeiortnihdormhteaidplifaoolff
spines. Ventral seta of tibia II spiniform, with spiniform seta; P-4 basally with one long and one
delicate denticles, ventromedial seta short, slender
andsmooth. short seta, apically with setula and two spiniform
processes.
LegIwiderthanfollowinglegs. BasifemurIwith
Description minute distoventral lamella (Figure 4E). Telofemur
Male. Lengthofidiosoma275 pm, widfh 165 pm. I with coarse reticulate sculpturing, polygons of
Idiosoma with small, triangular frontal spine. AD lateral flank with small foveae. Sculpturing of
and PDeach with pairofcostae, costaenear lateral telofemora II to IV presentbutless prominentthan
margins (Figure 4A). Integument of costae with onlegI. Legchaetotaxy(spinesinromannumerals),
pAplrovorecoouslteii,culp2aa-rn4elaplsv.meoliTi,nhindsoitampbeaytneerls,ulrifnnicgoitalcoaprueestnieicdnuglubmty.o llleeegggI1I:IIs,1h,1o,2r,t2,,5+3wI,IiI3t,,h35+,bIlI3u;,nl4te+,IgIdIIe,Vn,6t+i01,c;u2ll,ae3tg,eI3I,t,i5p1,,;32t.,wS5o,pi4sn,pei5s,neo5sf;
external via ostium but with six to eigth minute on genu 1 similar in size. Ventral seta of tibia II
canaliculi. Integument outside porose panels with spiniform, with few delicate tines, ventromedial
minute foveae, 1 pm in diameter. Costae of AD seta much more slender and apparently smooth
extending from posterior margin anteriad to level (Figure4Fand I). TibiaeIII(Figure4G) and IVeach
ofinsertion of leg I; costae one to two such porose with two stout ventral setae; ventrolateral seta
pppoamnr;eolspseoswptioedlreyi;goorsnlsmi.gahrtLgleiynngrtatihrsueondfcafAtreoD.nta1Ll0e7nsgpptimhn,eowwfiitOdhtChfi67v55e sdleoanrltgeiencrildteisho.ann,Fov4sespnatmrryoimnseeldteianaegltohsf,ettsaairatsunuadstewIdiwtbihedtveweerayennddellsaihtcoearrtta;el
pm, widfh 42 pm; with two corneae, three to four fossary seta and lamellar famulus (Figure 4H). Tip
porose polygons medial to corneae. Length of PD of tarsus I with pair of doubled pas; two small
145 pm, width 97 pm; costae U-shaped, fused ventral setae not paired. Tarsus II with three short
posteriorlyandextendingtoanteriormarginofPD; and wide fossary setae, a solenidion, 3 pm in
costae mostly two panels wide. Interval between length, concealed by delicate dorsomedial fossary
bcoesttwaeaenndcloasttearea.l mPaairrgionfodfs-P1DolnessAtDhalnevheallfwtihtaht lmaetmerbarlapnaes,(mseidnigallepvaesntlraaclkinsegt)a,(Faignudres4i1n)g.lTearbsliuInItI
insertion of leg 1. Pair of ds-2 on small sclerites in andIVwithsinglemedialpasbutnolateralpas.
4strainadteddsi-n5teognumPenDt.laPtaeirraloftodsc-o3staabes,endts.-P4aiarnsdofdsd-s5- smPaalilreerdthcalnawtshoosfetoafrfsuosllIowsimnogoltehgs.aCnldawssomoefwthaarsti
levelwithinsertionoflegsIIIandIV,respectively. II to IV with accessory process. At high
Ventral plates with garland-like arranged porose magnification few minute tines recognizable on
HalacaridmitesfromEsperance 367
Figure4 A-I Aeauopsis ralidictyota sp. nov., male. A, idiosoma, dorsal; B, idiosoma, ventral; C, genital area; D,
lfeaontsaesrtaahrlyos(spoeatmara,ampvbaeurnlatamrcabrlu-allaEc,srelatelage,sIe,tmmaeedadiniaadll;cflFoa,swsbaiarnsybifrseoetmkauernantloidnet)ca.rlsSaucwsaloIeIm,i-tm5te0eddip)a;ml.;I,G,tiblieagaIInI,dmteadrisauls;IHI,,mteipdioaflta(rlastuesraIl,
368 I.Bartsch
inner flank of claw arc. Central sclerite on tarsus I Remarks
with large ventral and minute apical tooth. Central Agauopsis miliaris is a member of the A.
scleriteoftarsiIItoIVwithventraltoothonly. microrhyncha group (Bartsch, 2005c), a group
primarily characterized by its tibia I bearing one
Remarks ventral and three ventromedial spines, the two
orAngataauogprosuips,caaglirdoiucptycohtaaraicstearimzeedmbbyertheofgatrhleanAd.- baarsealknoonewsnbefirnogmiAmumsetdriaaltiealnysahdojraecse,ntA..Fmoiulriasrpise,ciAe.s
like porose areolae on the AE (Bartsch, 1996b). australiensis Bartsch, 1996, A. mokari Otto, 1994,
and A. narinosa Otto, 1994 (Otto, 1994, 1999;
Three species of this group have previously been
recorded from Australia, A. decorataOtto, 1999, A. Bartsch, 1996b,2005c).
fenneri Otto, 1999 and A. ornatella Bartsch, 1996, From the small frontal spine to the anal cone the
with records from Queensland and Western length of adult A. miliaris ranges from 399 to 426
Australia (Bartsch, 1996b, 2005c; Otto, 1999). The pm, the costae of the dorsal plates bear groups
iAnEtohfeAm.ecdailaindi,ctaysotaprheassenntoiunnpAa.irdeedcoproartoaseaanrdeoAl.a g(lpoalnydgopnosr)eswoinththneuPmDeriosussitucaatnealdicpuolsit,ertihoer tpoaidrs-4o,f
fenneri.Incontrast toA. ornatellatheporosecostae themaleshave46pgs(outlyingsetaeincluded),the
on AD and PD of A. calidictyota are wider, in telofemur I bears three spines and the trochanters
general two panels wide, and there is no pair of III and IV a small, rounded apical process.
Agauopsis miliaris and A. australiensis (in
ridgesonthefrontalspine.
Otherspecies ofthe Agauopsisornata group are: parentheses) differ in their PD, with the
A. bacescuiKonnert-Ionescu, 1977, A. bermudensis ornamentation of its costae (with foveae and
Bartsch and Iliffe, 1985, A. inflata Newell, 1984, A. canaliculi) and the position of its anterior gland
nonornataBartsch,1999,A. ornata(Lohmann, 1893) pores relative to the ds-4 (anterior to ds-4), the
and A. pseudoornata Bartsch, 1985, with records processon trochantersIIIand IV(large, triangular),
from the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Ocean andthenumberofmalepgs(32-33pgs).
(Lohmann, 1893; Konnert-Ionescu, 1977, Newell, DifferencesbetweenA.miliarisandA.mokariare
1984; Bartsch, 1985, 1999b; Bartsch and Iliffe, 1985). mentioned below. Agauopsis narinosa is
Agauopsis bacescui has a combination of 3/1 characterized by its wide, flattened frontal spine
avlelnttrhael/ovtehnetrromsepdeicailessphianevseonthteelcoofmebmiunraItwihoenre2a/s1 IaIn,dcthhaeravcetnetrraslnloamtelplraeosennetacihnofthbeassipfeecmioersaIfraondm
ventral/ventromedial spines. The porose costae on Esperance.
the PD of A. calidictyota are close to the lateral
marginsoftheplate,theintervalbetweencostaand Distributionandecology
lateral margin of the PD is distinctly less than half SoutherncoastofWesternAustralia. Commonon
thatbetween thetwocostae(atthelevelofds-5). A andamongsta varietyofalgaeandseagrasses, from
similarpositionofthecostaeispresentinA.inflata, small, dense algal tufts, fronds of Scaberia sp. and
whereas in the other species, A. bermudensis, A. Posidonia rhizoms. The records are from the water
nonornata, A. ornata and A. pseudoornata, the PD linetoabout10mdepth.
is wider and the costae removed from the lateral
margins. Agauopsis inflata can be separated from
AgauopsismokariOtto,1994
A. calidictyota on the basis of its truncate,
rectangular frontal spine, a rostrum that is longer Agauopsis mokari Otto, 1994: 37-38, figures 9-16;
than the gnathosomal base, and the wide, Bartsch,2005c:350-351,figures4A-G,5A-D.
bipectinateventromedialsetaontibiaII;incontrast,
Remarks
in A. calidictyotathe frontal spineis spiniform, the
rostrum shorterthanthegnathosomalbaseand the This is another species of the Agauopsis
ventromedialsetaontibiaIIslenderandapparently microrhyncha group. Ln contrastto A. miliarisand
smooth. the majorityofspecies ofthis group, there are four
spines on telofemur I. Deutonymphs can be
identified on thebasisofthethreebipectinatesetae
Distributionandecology on tibia II (instead of two bipectinate and one
frWoemsttuefrtnsoAfusatlrgaaleiaf,roEmsptehreanwcaev.eT-hweasohneldyerdegcoerodfias sIIlIenadnedrsIeVt,a)waintdhosturtaiaghntyvesnptirnailfmoarrmgipnroocfestsh.etTarhsei
limestoneplatform. lengthofadultA.mokariis350-375 pm.
Distributionandecology
AgauopsismiliarisBartsch,2005
Southern and south-eastern coast of Australia.
Agauopsis miliaris Bartsch, 2005c: 346-349, figure Regular inhabitant of a variety of shallow water
2A-J,3A-F. substrata.
