haemodialysis treatment monitored on-line by ultra violet absorbance

104 Pages·2006·0.52 MB·English

H
AEMODIALYSIS TREATMENT
-
MONITORED ON LINE BY
ULTRA VIOLET ABSORBANCE
F U
REDRIK HLIN
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE AND CARE
DIVISION OF NURSING SCIENCE
&
DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
LINKÖPING
2006

To Pia,
Rebecca & David

Fredrik Uhlin
Haemodialysis Treatment
Monitored On-line by
Ultra Violet Absorbance
Medical Dissertation no 962
Copyright © Fredrik Uhlin 2006
Supervisor Lars-Göran Lindberg , Ass. Prof.
Co-Supervisor Martin Magnusson, MD. PhD.
Cover art (front) NASA photo gallery, “the Sun”
Cover art (back) Per Lagman, MediaCenter, Linköping University Hospital
Illustrations Fredrik Uhlin
Typography Claes Asker, PhD
Contact:
Phone: + 46 13 221804
Fax: + 46 13 224514
Email: [email protected]
Address:
Fredrik Uhlin
Department of Nephrology, University Hospital of Linköping
SE-581 85 Linköping
Sweden
ISBN 91-85643-65-3
ISSN 0345-0082
Dissertation 962
Printed in Linköping, Sweden
by LiU-Tryck Linköping, 2006
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written
permission from the author.
Science is to confirm how something is, not how it should be, and
beyond its domain different kinds of appraisements and ethical
judgements are always needed (my translation).
Einstein A (1879-1955)

Preface
T
HIS THESIS IS BASED upon work performed at the Department of
Nephrology, University Hospital of Linköping, County Council of
Östergötland and the Departments of Medicine and Care (IMV), Division
of Nursing Science and Biomedical Engineering (IMT), Linköping
University.
As a registered nurse with several years working experience of
haemodialysis patients, it has been a great challenge to participate in the
development of a new technique, which in the future may be used by staff
in haemodialysis units, perhaps in haemodialysis at intensive care and
perhaps even by patients themselves during home haemodialysis.
Furthermore, this work has attempted to bridge the gap between patient
and technology as well as different professions such as biomedical
engineering, medicine and nursing, thus bringing an interdisciplinary focus
on dialysis monitoring into the sphere of biomedical optics.
The Swedish Competence Centre for Non-invasive Medical
Measurements, NIMED supported the studies in this thesis. Financial
support from the University Hospital, Linköping was given for parts of the
work in Papers II and III.
A basic part of the thesis is the ultra violet (UV) light used for the
measurements, a light that is invisible to the human eye. The star that is
necessary for life on earth, our sun (front page) is an enormous UV-source.
In this work a lamp has been used as a light source, when an old technique,
spectroscopy, has been developed for a new application. The present thesis
will show that the UV-technique is capable of estimating parameters in the
same manner as for other already available systems. It is also shown that
the UV- technique offers a unique opportunity to visualise the ongoing
clearance process during a dialysis treatment that is not possible by other
available on-line monitoring techniques.
The future work that already has begun, when this thesis was written,
will focus on new ways to look at dialysis clearance and investigate other
markers for dialysis efficiency than those today.
I and my colleauges hope that this is only the beginning of something
new that will eventually be of use to the dialysis patients in the future.

Fredrik Uhlin(cid:71)
(cid:71)