Habitat, population dynamics, and metal levels in colonial waterbirds: a food chain approach

595 Pages·2016·26.608 MB·English

by  Burger, Joanna, Gochfeld, Michael

Habitat, Population
Dynamics, Metal Levels
and
Colonial Waterbirds
in
A F O O D C H A I N A P P R O A C H
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Habitat, Population Dynamics, and Metal Levels in Colonial Waterbirds: A Food Chain
Approach, Joanna Burger, Michael Gochfeld
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Habitat, Population
Dynamics, Metal Levels
and
Colonial Waterbirds
in
A F O O D C H A I N A P P R O A C H
JOANNA BURGER
MICHAEL GOCHFELD
Boca Raton London New York
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Version Date: 20160603
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Dedication
We dedicate this book to Fred Lesser, who was completely devoted
to helping us study the birds of Barnegat Bay for 40 years,
to all our students who provide hope for the future study and
conservation of colonial waterbirds, and to the international
team of shorebird biologists who migrate to Delaware Bay
each year to help unravel the biology of shorebirds.
Fred Lesser in the field with an Egret Chick.
And to the students who are carrying on the research and conservation work with colonial birds.
From left to right in top row: Brian Palestis, Joanna Burger, Steve Garber.
Front row: Taryn Pittfield, Nellie Tsipoura, Susan Elbin, Carl Safina, Sheila Shukla,
Christian Jeitner.
The international team of shorebird biologists.

Contents
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................xvii
Preface by Joanna Burger ...............................................................................................................xix
Preface by Michael Gochfeld ..........................................................................................................xxi
Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................xxiii
Authors .........................................................................................................................................xxvii
Part I
Introduction to Barnegat Bay and Northeast Estuaries
Chapter 1
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................3
Objectives of This Book ................................................................................................................8
Biomonitoring and Bioindicators ................................................................................................10
Using Colonial Waterbirds as Bioindicators and Sentinels .........................................................17
Habitat Diversity and Changes ....................................................................................................21
Environmental Contaminants .....................................................................................................24
Human Dimensions .....................................................................................................................25
Barnegat Bay as a Microcosm ................................................................................................27
How People and Biota Use the Bay ........................................................................................27
How People Have Changed the Ecosystem of the Bay ..........................................................29
How the Physical and Biological Aspects of the Bay Have Influenced People .....................30
How People Perceive the Bay and Want to See Changes .......................................................35
How Perceptions Influence Management and Public Policy ..................................................35
Summary and Conclusions .........................................................................................................37
Chapter 2
Barnegat Bay and Other Northeast Estuaries ..................................................................................39
Introduction .................................................................................................................................39
National Estuary Program ..........................................................................................................39
Water Quality Index ...............................................................................................................40
Sediment Quality Index .........................................................................................................45
Quality Index Comparisons ...................................................................................................45
Ecoregions ...................................................................................................................................46
Barnegat Bay Ecosystem .............................................................................................................46
Massachusetts Bays and Boston Harbor .....................................................................................53
Buzzards Bay and Nearby Waters ...............................................................................................54
Long Island Sound and Peconic Bay ..........................................................................................55
New York–New Jersey Harbor ....................................................................................................59
Pollution Prevention and Industrial Ecology in the New York–New Jersey Harbor .............61
Delaware Bay Estuary .................................................................................................................62
Chesapeake Bay ..........................................................................................................................66
Summary and Conclusions .........................................................................................................69
ix