Guidance for Evaluating Landfill Gas Emissions from Closed or Abandoned Facilities

96 Pages·2006·1.38 MB·English

EPA-600/R-05/123b
September 2005
GUIDANCE FOR EVALUATING
LANDFILL GAS EMISSIONS
FROM CLOSED OR
ABANDONED FACILITIES:
Appendix C

EPA-600/R-05/123b
September 2005
GUIDANCE FOR EVALUATING
LANDFILL GAS EMISSIONS FROM
CLOSED OR ABANDONED
FACILITIES: Appendix C
by
Thomas Robertson and Josh Dunbar
Environmental Quality Management, Inc.
Cedar Terrace Office Park, Suite 250
3325 Durham-Chapel Hill Boulevard
Durham, North Carolina 27707-2646
EPA Contract No. 68-C-00-186, Task Order 3
EPA Project Officer: Susan A. Thorneloe
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Research and Development
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division
National Risk Management Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Research and Development
Washington, DC 20460
Abstract
This document provides guidance to superfund remedial project managers, on-scene
coordinators, facility owners, and potentially responsible parties for conducting an air pathway
analysis for landfill gas emissions under the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act, Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, and the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. The document provides procedures and a set of tools
for evaluating LFG emissions to ambient air, subsurface vapor migration due to landfill gas
pressure gradients, and subsurface vapor intrusion into buildings. The air pathway analysis is
used to evaluate the inhalation risks to offsite receptors as well as the hazards of both onsite and
offsite methane explosions and landfill fires.
ii
Foreword
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is charged by Congress with protecting
the Nation’s land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of national environmental laws,
the Agency strives to formulate and implement actions leading to a compatible balance
between human activities and the ability of natural systems to support and nurture life. To meet
this mandate, EPA’s research program is providing data and technical support for solving
environmental problems today and building a science knowledge base necessary to manage
our ecological resources wisely, understand how pollutants affect our health, and prevent or
reduce environmental risks in the future.
The National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) is the Agency’s center for
investigation of technological and management approaches for preventing and reducing risks
from pollution that threaten human health and the environment. The focus of the Laboratory’s
research program is on methods and their cost-effectiveness for prevention and control of
pollution to air, land, water, and subsurface resources; protection of water quality in public
water systems; remediation of contaminated sites, sediments and ground water; prevention
and control of indoor air pollution; and restoration of ecosystems. NRMRL collaborates with
both public and private sector partners to foster technologies that reduce the cost of
compliance and to anticipate emerging problems. NRMRL’s research provides solutions to
environmental problems by: developing and promoting technologies that protect and improve
the environment; advancing scientific and engineering information to support regulatory and
policy decisions; and providing the technical support and information transfer to ensure
implementation of environmental regulations and strategies at the national, state, and
community levels.
This publication has been produced as part of the Laboratory’s strategic long-term research
plan. It is published and made available by EPA’s Office of Research and Development to
assist the user community and to link researchers with their clients.
Sally Gutierrez, Director
National Risk Management Research Laboratory
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EPA Review Notice
This report has been peer and administratively reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not
constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service,
Springfield, Virginia 22161.
Disclaimer
This guidance is intended solely for informational purposes. It cannot be relied upon to
create any rights enforceable by any party in litigation with the United States. This guidance
is directed to EPA personnel; it is not a final action, and it does not constitute rule making. EPA
officials may decide to follow the guidance provided herein, or they may act at variance with
the guidance, based on site-specific circumstances. The guidance may be reviewed and/or
changed at any time without public notice.
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Appendix C
Example
Generic Quality Assurance Project Plan
EXAMPLE GENERIC
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN
for the
APPLICATION OF GUIDANCE FOR EVALUATING
LANDFILL GAS EMISSIONS AT
CLOSED or ABANDONED SITES
EPA Contract No. 68-c-00-186
Task Order Number 3
EQ Project No. 030177.0003
Prepared for
Mrs. Susan Thorneloe
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Research and Development
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division
National Risk Management Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
Submitted by
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT, INC.
Cedar Terrace Office Park, Suite 250
3325 Durham-Chapel Hill Boulevard
Durham, North Carolina 27707-2646
[phone] FAX [phone]
Revision 0 - August 31, 2005
Revision: 0
August 31, 2005
Page 1 of 86
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN:
EVALUATING LANDFILL GAS EMISSIONS AT
CLOSED or ABANDONED SITES
EPA Contract No. ______________
Work Assignment No:___________
EPA Remedial Project Manager: ________________________________________
Name Date
EPA WA Manager: ________________________________________
Name Date
EPA QA Officer: ________________________________________
Name Date
Contractor Project Manager: ________________________________________
Name Date
Contractor QA Officer: ________________________________________
Name Date
Revision: 0
August 31, 2005
Page 2 of 86
Table of Contents
List of Appendices ........................................................... 2
List of Figures .............................................................. 3
List of Tables ............................................................... 3
List of Acronyms ............................................................ 4
Distribution List ............................................................. 5
A. Project Management ........... .............................................. 7
A-1 Project Definition and Background ......................................... 7
A-2 Project Organization .................................................... 8
A-3 Project Task Descriptions ............................................... 11
A-4 Quality Objectives and Criteria ........................................... 22
A-5 Special Training/Certification ............................................ 36
A-6 Documents and Records ...................................... .......... 37
B. Data Generation and Acquisition Elements ....................................... 39
B-1 Sampling Process Design ............................................... 39
B-2 Sampling Methods .................................................... 42
B-3 Sample Handling and Custody ........................................... 43
B-4 Analytical Methods .................................................... 49
B-5 Quality Control ....................................................... 55
B-6 Instrument/Equipment Testing, Inspection and Maintenance Requirements ........ 59
B-7 Instrument Calibration and Frequency ..................................... 62
B-8 Inspection/Acceptance Requirements for Supplies and Consumables ............. 70
B-9 Indirect Measurements ................................................. 70
B-10 Data Management ........... .......................................... 72
C. Assessment/Oversight .......................................... ............. 73
C-1 Assessments and Response Actions ........................................ 73
C-2 QA Reports to Management .............................................. 80
D. Data Validation and Use ........ ............................................. 80
D-1 Validation and Verification Methods ...................................... 80
D-2 Reconciliation with User Requirements .................................... 85
Appendix
A. Site Specific QAPP - TBD A-1