Grounds for Grounding: A Circuit to System Handbook

1089 Pages·2010·0.97 MB·English

by  Elya B. Joffe

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GROUNDS
FOR GROUNDING
A Circuit-to-System
Handbook
Elya B. Joffe
Kai-Sang Lock
IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Society, Sponsor
IEEE Press
A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
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GROUNDS
FOR GROUNDING
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IEEE Press
445 Hoes Lane
Piscataway, NJ 08855
IEEE Press Editorial Board
Lajos Hanzo, Editor in Chief
R. Abari T. Chen B. M. Hammerli
J. Anderson T. G. Croda O. Malik
S. Basu M. El-Hawary S. Nahavandi
A. Chatterjee S. Farshchi W. Reeve
Kenneth Moore, Director of IEEE Book and Information Services (BIS)
IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Society,Sponsor
Technical Reviewers
Keith Sueker, Curtiss Wright EM Corp
Venkata Dinavahi, University of Alberta
George Baier, Buchanan Ingersoll, PC
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GROUNDS
FOR GROUNDING
A Circuit-to-System
Handbook
Elya B. Joffe
Kai-Sang Lock
IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Society, Sponsor
IEEE Press
A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
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Copyright © 2010 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey
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To my beloved wife, Anat,
and the apple of my eye, my daughter Tami-Lee,
who are the center of my universe
—Elya B. Joffe
To my wife, Eyan,
and Angela, Andrew, and Anthony
for their love, support, and understanding
—Kai-Sang Lock
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To the Beloved Memory of my Mother,
Faiga Mary Joffe (Nee Bloom)
Faiga Mary Joffe (Nee Bloom)
1934–1984
This book is dedicated to the beloved memory of the first lady in my life—my mother,
Faiga Mary Joffe (Nee Bloom), who was taken to the stay with the Lord in 1984, when
she was only 50 years old. Her everlasting encouragement and attitude were the source
of inspiration and motivation that gave me the strength to start (and complete) the writ-
ing of this book. Among her notes, we found after her passing, the following poem:
But once I pass this way.
And then . . . and then the Silent Door swings on its hinges;
Opens . . . Closes . . .
and no more I pass this way.
So, while I may, with all my might
I will essay sweet comfort and delight
to all I meet upon the pilgrim way.
For no man travels twice the Great Highway,
that winds through darkness up to light,
through night, to day.
—William Arthur Dunkerley (John Oxenham) 1852–1941
This was the story of her life. Thank you, Mom, for being there when I needed you so
badly. I am so saddened that you do not see the results of your teachings.
Your Loving Son,
Elya B. Joffe
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CONTENTS
Foreword xvii
Preface xix
1. Overview 1
Bibliography 6
2. Fundamental Concepts 7
2.1. Maxwell’s Equations Demystified 7
2.1.1. Fundamental Terms 9
2.1.2. Maxwell’s Equations 12
2.2. Boundary Conditions 24
2.3. Intrinsic Inductance of Conductors and Interconnects 26
2.3.1. Concept of Inductance 27
2.3.2. Self-Inductance 27
2.3.3. Mutual Inductance 29
2.3.4. Partial Inductance 30
2.3.5. External and Internal Inductance 37
2.3.6. Skin Effect and Skin Depth 38
2.3.7. Proximity Effect 43
2.4. Nonideal Properties of Passive Circuit Components and Interconnects 45
2.4.1. Resistors 46
2.4.2. Capacitors 47
2.4.3. Inductors 49
2.4.4. Interconnects (Wires and PCB Traces) 49
2.5. Return Current Path Impedance 51
2.5.1. What Path Should Return Currents Follow? 51
2.5.2. Equivalent Circuit Analysis 53
2.5.3. Implication of the Principle 64
2.6. Transmission Line Fundamentals 64
2.6.1. Transmission Line Definition 65
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