Table Of ContentGRID COMPUTING –
TECHNOLOGY AND
APPLICATIONS,
WIDESPREAD COVERAGE
AND NEW HORIZONS
Edited by Soha Maad
GRID COMPUTING –
TECHNOLOGY AND
APPLICATIONS,
WIDESPREAD COVERAGE
AND NEW HORIZONS
Edited by Soha Maad
Grid Computing –
Technology and Applications, Widespread Coverage and New Horizons
Edited by Soha Maad
Published by InTech
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Copyright © 2012 InTech
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Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic
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First published May, 2012
Printed in Croatia
A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]
Grid Computing – Technology and Applications, Widespread Coverage and New Horizons
Edited by Soha Maad
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-0604-3
Contents
Preface IX
Section 1 Advances in Grid Computing - Workflow 1
Chapter 1 w-TG: A Combined Algorithm to Optimize the Runtime
of the Grid-Based Workflow Within an SLA Context 3
Dang Minh Quan, Joern Altmann and Laurence T. Yang
Chapter 2 On the Effect of Applying the Task Clustering for Identical
Processor Utilization to Heterogeneous Systems 29
Hidehiro Kanemitsu, Gilhyon Lee, Hidenori Nakazato,
Takashige Hoshiai and Yoshiyori Urano
Section 2 Advances in Grid Computing -
Resources Management 47
Chapter 3 Resource Management for Data
Intensive Tasks on Grids 49
Imran Ahmad and Shikharesh Majumdar
Chapter 4 A New Approach to Resource
Discovery in Grid Computing 71
Leyli Mohammad Khanli, Saeed Kargar
and Ali Kazemi Niari
Chapter 5 Task Scheduling in Grid Environment Using
Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm 89
Wael Abdulal, Ahmad Jabas, S. Ramachandram
and Omar Al Jadaan
Section 3 Advances in Grid Computing - Parallel Execution 111
Chapter 6 Efficient Parallel Application Execution
on Opportunistic Desktop Grids 113
Francisco Silva, Fabio Kon, Daniel Batista,
Alfredo Goldman, Fabio Costa and Raphael Camargo
VI Contents
Chapter 7 Research and Implementation of Parallel
Cache Model Through Grid Memory 135
Qingkui Chen, Lichun Na, He Jia,
Song Lin Zhuang and Xiaodong Ding
Chapter 8 Hierarchy-Aware Message-Passing
in the Upcoming Many-Core Era 151
Carsten Clauss, Simon Pickartz,
Stefan Lankes and Thomas Bemmerl
Section 4 Grid Applications 179
Chapter 9 Grid Computing in High Energy Physics Experiments 181
Dagmar Adamová and Pablo Saiz
Chapter 10 Using Grid Computing for Constructing
Ternary Covering Arrays 221
Himer Avila-George, Jose Torres-Jimenez,
Abel Carrión and Vicente Hernández
Chapter 11 Grid Infrastructure for Domain Decomposition
Methods in Computational ElectroMagnetics 241
Olivier Terzo, Pietro Ruiu, Lorenzo Mossucca,
Matteo Alessandro Francavilla and Francesca Vipiana
Chapter 12 Characterization of Hepatic Lesions Using Grid
Computing (Globus) and Neural Networks 267
Sheng Hung Chung and Ean Teng Khor
Section 5 International Widespread of Grid Technology 281
Chapter 13 Applications Exploiting e-Infrastructures Across
Europe and India Within the EU-IndiaGrid Project 283
Alberto Masoni and Stefano Cozzini
Section 6 New Horizons for Grid Technology 309
Chapter 14 Open Development Platform for Embedded Systems 311
E. Ostúa, A. Muñoz, P. Ruiz-de-Clavijo, M.J. Bellido,
D. Guerrero and A. Millán
Chapter 15 Potential of Grid Technology for
Embedded Systems and Applications 325
Mona Abo El-Dahb and Yoichi Shiraishi
Preface
Grid research, rooted in distributed and high performance computing, started in mid-
to-late 1990s when scientists around the world acknowledged the need to establish an
infrastructure to support their collaborative research on compute and data intensive
experiments. Soon afterwards, national and international research and development
authorities realized the importance of the Grid and gave it a primary position on their
research and development agenda. The importance of the Grid was translated into
large funding from various national and international sources, channeled to various
Grid projects around the world aiming at building the so-called global infrastructure
for e-Science. Selected key projects, such as EGEE (Enabling Grids For E-sciencE) in
Europe and Globus in the United States, played a key role in developing this
infrastructure.
The first generation Grid, referred to as Grid 1.0, was intended to coordinate resource
sharing and problem solving in dynamic, multi-institutional virtual organizations. The
sharing is not primarily file exchange but rather direct access to computers, software,
data, and other resources, as is required by a range of collaborative problem-solving
and resource-brokering strategies emerging in industry, science, and engineering.
Following Grid 1.0, Web 2.0 emerged as a more user-friendly successor of Grid1.0.
Grid 3.0 attempts to establish a merge between the web and Grid technologies to
leverage the potential of the web in addressing the challenges faced by Grid 1.0 to
deliver a user friendly infrastructure for high performance computing and
collaboration. The EU vision of the next generation Grid is a service oriented
knowledge utility infrastructure serving the needs of various application domains.
Grid research supported by national, regional, European, and international funding
within the framework of various projects explored various themes including: Grid
interoperability, Grid workflows, Grid security management, Grid universal
accessibility, high end visualization using the Grid and for the Grid, social and
economic modelling for Grid interoperability and Grid universal accessibility, the
virtualisation of Grid resources, data management solutions for the Grid, Grid
portability, Grid interactivity, and Grid usability in various application domains.
The Grid evolved from tackling data and compute-intensive problems, to addressing
global-scale scientific projects, connecting businesses across the supply chain, and is
X Preface
aiming towards becoming a World Wide Grid that is integrated in our daily routine
activities. The future vision of the next generation Grid is a Service Oriented
Knowledge Utility capable of delivering knowledge to users and enabling resource
sharing, collaboration and business transactions across individuals and organizations.
This book tells a story of a great potential, a continued strength, and widespread
international penetration of Grid computing. It overviews the latest advances in the
field and traces the evolution of selected Grid applications. The book highlights the
international widespread coverage and unveils the future potential of the Grid.
This book is divided into six sections:
The first three sections overview latest advances in Grid computing including: Grid
workflow (chapters 1 and 2), resources management (chapters 3, 4, and 5), and parallel
execution (chapters 6, 7 and 8).
Section four considers selected key Grid applications including high-energy physics,
constructing ternary covering arrays, computational electromagnetic, and medical
applications including Hepatic Lesions.
Section five highlights the international widespread penetration and coverage of the
Grid and presents success Grid stories from Europe and India.
Section six unveils the potential and horizon of the Grid in future applications
including embedded systems and the design of inverter power supply.
The book is targeted at researchers and practitioners in the field of Grid computing
and its application in various domains. Researchers will find some of the latest
thinking in the Grid field and many examples of the state-of-the-art technologies and
use across domain verticals. Both researchers who are just beginning in the field and
researchers with experience in the domain should find topics of interest. Furthermore,
practitioners will find the theory, new techniques, and standards that can increase the
uptake of Grid technologies and boost related industry supply and demand. Many
chapters consider applications and case studies that provide useful information about
challenges, pitfalls, and successful approaches in the practical use of Grid technology.
The chapters were written in such a way that they are interesting and understandable
for both groups. They assume some background knowledge of the domain, but no
specialist knowledge is required. It is possible to read each chapter on its own.
The book can be also used as a reference to understand the various related technology
challenges, identified by regional research and development authorities, within the
various research framework programs. The latter are intended to create lead markets in
Information and Communication Technologies and to enact regional development plans.
Many people contributed to the realization of this book in different ways. First of all,
we would like to thank the authors. They have put in considerable effort in writing
Preface XI
their chapters. We are very grateful to the technical editors who contributed valuable
efforts and dedicated time to improving the quality of the book. Furthermore, we
would like to thank Dejan Grgur, Mia Macek, Natalia Reinic, and all members of the
Editorial Collegiums at InTech for giving us the opportunity to start this book in the
first place and their support in bringing the book to publication.
Dr. Soha Maad
Manager, IGROW Integrated Technologies and Services for Sustainable Growth
European Economic Interest, Grouping (EEIG) Invent DCU, Dublin City University,
Glasnevin, Dublin,
Ireland
