Table Of ContentGreen Approaches for
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Green Approaches for
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Edited by
EMANUELA GIONFRIDDO
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
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Contents
Listofcontributors ix
Biography xiii
1. Green Analytical Chemistry: concepts, evolution, and recent
developments 1
Sergio Armenta,FrancescA.Esteve-Turrillas, SalvadorGarrigues and
MigueldelaGuardia
1. GreenAnalyticalChemistry: originandevolution 1
2. Beyondthe12principles ofGreenAnalyticalChemistry 2
3. HowGreenAnalyticalChemistrybecomesquantitative? 4
4. Greening sampletreatment 6
5. Greening instrumental analysis 11
6. Chemometricsasanalternative toolforgreeninganalytical practices 21
7. Conclusionsandfuturetrends 24
References 29
2. Green sorbents in analytical chemistry 39
AdriánGutiérrez-Serpa, DiegoW.Allgaier-Díaz, AnaI.Jiménez-Abizanda
andVerónicaPino
ListofAbbreviations 39
1. Greenanalytical chemistry:analytical sample preparationand
eco-metrics 40
2. Generaloverviewontheevolutionofsolid-phase extractionand
microextraction techniqueswithin analyticalsample preparation:
miniaturization andmainconfigurations 43
3. Greensorbentsinanalytical samplepreparation, mainlyin
(micro)extractionmethods 46
4. Greennessassessment ofgreensorbentsin (micro)extractionmethods 68
5. Generaloverviewongreensorbentsinchromatography 71
6. Concludingremarks 72
Acknowledgments 73
References 73
v
vi Contents
3. Green strategies for analysis of natural products 85
CeciliaCagliero,AriannaMarengo, Barbara SgorbiniandPatrizia Rubiolo
1. Introduction 85
2. Greensample preparationapproaches fornaturalproductanalysis 86
3. Greenanalytical methodsfornaturalsamples 101
4. Analyticalstrategiesforinvivoevaluationofplant volatileemissions 111
References 117
4. Direct sample preparation mass spectrometry analysis: toward
greener analytical methods 127
MarcosTasconand GermanAugustoGómez-Ríos
1. Introduction 127
2. Liquid extractionmassspectrometry 129
3. Thermalandlaser-based extraction/desorption massspectrometry 134
4. Solid-phaseextraction(andmicroextraction)massspectrometry 137
5. Concludingremarksandfutureperspectives 141
References 142
5. Sample preparation in a green perspective 151
Orfeas-EvangelosPlastiras, EmanuelaGionfriddo andVictoria F.Samanidou
1. Theroleofsamplepreparation andextractionintheanalyticalworkflow 151
2. GreenandWhiteAnalyticalChemistryapplied tosamplepreparation 152
3. Evolutionofsamplepreparation andextractionmethodologiesinan
eco-friendlyperspective 156
4. Methodstoassessgreenness ofsample preparation andextraction
methodologies 160
5. Examplesofextractionmethodologiesandtheirgreenness 162
6. Futuretrendsandperspectives 167
References 167
6. Green aspects of multidimensional separation techniques 173
AmiltonMoreirade Oliveira,BeatrizDeCaroliVizioli,
JuliánEduardoBallenCastiblanco, Natháliade AguiarPortoand
LeandroWangHantao
1. Introduction 173
2. Greenmetricsapplied tochromatography-basedseparations 174
3. Multidimensionalchromatographic separations 175
Contents vii
4. Liquid-phase multidimensional methods 177
5. Gas-phase multidimensional methods 184
6. Hybrid-phase multidimensional methods 192
References 194
Furtherreading 203
7. Applying green sample preparation techniques to in vivo
analysis and metabolomics 205
EzelBoyaci andNathalyReyes-Garcés
1. Introduction 205
2. Sample preparationapproaches forinvivoanalysis 206
3. Sample preparationapproaches formetabolomics 217
4. Concludingremarksandfuturedirections 227
References 228
8. Green sample preparation techniques in environmental
analysis 241
Francisco A.Casado-Carmona, GuillermoLasarte-Aragonés,Rafael Lucena
andSoledad Cárdenas
1. Introduction 241
2. Greensample preparation techniquesfortheanalysisoforganic
pollutantsinwater samples 243
3. Greensample preparation techniquesfortheanalysisoforganic
pollutantsinairsamples 257
4. Greensample preparation techniquesfortheanalysisoforganic
pollutantsinsoilsamples 262
5. Conclusions 268
Acknowledgments 268
References 269
Index 277
List of contributors
Diego W.Allgaier-Díaz
Departamento deQuímica,UnidadDepartamental deQuímica Analítica,Universidadde
La Laguna(ULL), LaLaguna (Tenerife), Spain
SergioArmenta
Department ofAnalytical Chemistry,ResearchBuilding, Universityof Valencia,
Burjassot, Valencia,Spain
Julián EduardoBallenCastiblanco
Instituteof Chemistry,Universityof Campinas,Campinas, SP,Brazil
EzelBoyaci
MiddleEastTechnicalUniversity,Ankara, Turkey
Cecilia Cagliero
Dipartimento diScienzaeTecnologia delFarmaco, Università degliStudidiTorino,
Turin, Italy
Soledad Cárdenas
Affordable andSustainableSample Preparation (AS P)Research Group,Departamento de
2
QuímicaAnalítica, InstitutoUniversitario deInvestigaciónenQuímicaFinay
Nanoquímica(IUNAN), UniversidaddeCórdoba,CampusdeRabanales,EdificioMarie
Curie, Córdoba,Spain
FranciscoA.Casado-Carmona
Affordable andSustainableSample Preparation (AS P)Research Group,Departamento de
2
QuímicaAnalítica, InstitutoUniversitario deInvestigaciónenQuímicaFinay
Nanoquímica(IUNAN), UniversidaddeCórdoba,CampusdeRabanales,EdificioMarie
Curie, Córdoba,Spain
NatháliadeAguiarPorto
Instituteof Chemistry,Universityof Campinas,Campinas, SP,Brazil
BeatrizDeCaroli Vizioli
Instituteof Chemistry,Universityof Campinas,Campinas, SP,Brazil
Francesc A.Esteve-Turrillas
Department ofAnalytical Chemistry,ResearchBuilding, Universityof Valencia,
Burjassot, Valencia,Spain
SalvadorGarrigues
Department ofAnalytical Chemistry,ResearchBuilding, Universityof Valencia,
Burjassot, Valencia,Spain
Emanuela Gionfriddo
Department ofChemistry andBiochemistry, TheUniversityof Toledo,Toledo,OH,
UnitedStates;Dr.Nina McClellandLaboratory for WaterChemistryand Environmental
Analysis, TheUniversity ofToledo,Toledo,OH,UnitedStates
ix
x Listofcontributors
GermanAugusto Gómez-Ríos
RestekCorporation, Bellefonte, PA,UnitedStates
MigueldelaGuardia
Department ofAnalyticalChemistry, ResearchBuilding, Universityof Valencia,
Burjassot, Valencia,Spain
AdriánGutiérrez-Serpa
DepartamentodeQuímica,UnidadDepartamental deQuímicaAnalítica, Universidadde
LaLaguna (ULL), LaLaguna (Tenerife), Spain;Instituto Universitario deEnfermedades
TropicalesySalud PúblicadeCanarias,UniversidaddeLa Laguna (ULL),La Laguna
(Tenerife), Spain
Leandro WangHantao
InstituteofChemistry,University ofCampinas, Campinas, SP,Brazil
AnaI.Jiménez-Abizanda
DepartamentodeQuímica,UnidadDepartamental deQuímicaAnalítica, Universidadde
LaLaguna (ULL), LaLaguna (Tenerife), Spain
Guillermo Lasarte-Aragonés
Affordableand SustainableSamplePreparation (AS P)Research Group,Departamento de
2
QuímicaAnalítica, InstitutoUniversitario deInvestigaciónenQuímicaFinay
Nanoquímica(IUNAN), UniversidaddeCórdoba,CampusdeRabanales, EdificioMarie
Curie,Córdoba,Spain
RafaelLucena
Affordableand SustainableSamplePreparation (AS P)Research Group,Departamento de
2
QuímicaAnalítica, InstitutoUniversitario deInvestigaciónenQuímicaFinay
Nanoquímica(IUNAN), UniversidaddeCórdoba,CampusdeRabanales, EdificioMarie
Curie,Córdoba,Spain
AriannaMarengo
Dipartimento diScienzaeTecnologia delFarmaco, Università degliStudidiTorino,
Turin,Italy
AmiltonMoreira deOliveira
InstituteofChemistry,University ofCampinas, Campinas, SP,Brazil
VerónicaPino
DepartamentodeQuímica,UnidadDepartamental deQuímicaAnalítica, Universidadde
LaLaguna (ULL), LaLaguna (Tenerife), Spain;Instituto Universitario deEnfermedades
TropicalesySalud PúblicadeCanarias,UniversidaddeLa Laguna (ULL),La Laguna
(Tenerife), Spain
Orfeas-Evangelos Plastiras
UnitédeCatalyseetChimieduSolide,Université deLille,CentraleLille Université
d’Artois, UMRCNRS8181-UCCS Lille,France
NathalyReyes-Garcés
RestekCorporation, Bellefonte, PA,UnitedStates
Listofcontributors xi
Patrizia Rubiolo
Dipartimento diScienzaeTecnologia delFarmaco, Università degliStudidiTorino,
Turin, Italy
VictoriaF.Samanidou
Laboratory of AnalyticalChemistry,Department ofChemistry,Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki,Thessaloniki, Greece
Barbara Sgorbini
Dipartimento diScienzaeTecnologia delFarmaco, Università degliStudidiTorino,
Turin, Italy
MarcosTascon
InstitutodeInvestigacióneIngenieríaAmbiental(IIIA-CONICET), Universidad
Nacional deSan Martín (UNSAM),Buenos Aires,Argentina;CentrodeEstudios Sobre
los Patrimoniosyel Ambiente(CEPyA-UNSAM), BuenosAires,Argentina
