Table Of ContentSpringer Theses
Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research
Maryori C. Díaz-Ramírez
Grate-Fired Energy
Crop Conversion
Experiences with Brassica
carinata and Populus sp.
Springer Theses
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í í
Maryori C. D az-Ram rez
Grate-Fired Energy
Crop Conversion
Experiences with Brassica carinata
and Populus sp.
Doctoral Thesis accepted by
University of Zaragoza, Spain
123
Author Supervisors
Dr. Maryori C. Díaz-Ramírez Prof. Fco. JavierRoyo Herrer
CIRCE ResearchInstitute Department ofMechanical Engineering
University of Zaragoza CIRCE Research Institute
Zaragoza University of Zaragoza
Spain Zaragoza
Spain
Assoc. Prof. Christoffer Boman
Thermochemical Energy Conversion
Laboratory(TEC-Lab)
Department of AppliedPhysics and
Electronics
UmeåUniversity
Umeå
Sweden
ISSN 2190-5053 ISSN 2190-5061 (electronic)
SpringerTheses
ISBN978-3-319-20758-2 ISBN978-3-319-20759-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-20759-9
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015943352
SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
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Parts of this thesis have been published in the following documents:
Journals
Díaz-RamírezM,FrandsenF,GlagborgP,SebastiánF,andRoyoJ.Partitioningof
K,S,PandClduringcombustionofpoplarandbrassicaenergycrops.Fuel2014,
134 (0): 209–219.
Díaz-Ramírez M, Sebastián F, Royo J, and Rezeau A. Influencing factors on NO
x
emissionlevelduringgrateconversionofthreepelletizedenergycrops.ApplEnerg
2014, 115 (0): 360–73.
Díaz-RamírezM,SebastiánF,RoyoJ,andRezeauA.Combustionrequirementsfor
conversion of ash-rich novel energy crops in a 250kW multifuel grate fired sys-
th
tem. Energy 2012, 46 (1): 636–43.
Díaz-Ramírez M, Boman C, Sebastián F, Royo J, Xiong S, and Boström D. Ash
characterization and transformation behaviour of the fixed-bed combustion of
novel crops: poplar, brassica and cassava fuels. Energy Fuel 2012, 26: 3218–29.
International Conferences
Díaz-Ramírez M, Sebastián F, Royo J, and Rezeau A. Gaseous emission perfor-
manceofnovel biofuels duringfixed-bed conversion.In: Worldsustainableenergy
days, Wels, Austria, 2013.
Díaz-RamírezM,SebastiánF,RoyoJ,andRezeauA.Influenceofbottomash-rich
energy crops characteristics on fixed grate combustion performance. In: 6th
International conference impacts of fuel quality on power production and the
environment, Puchberg, Austria, 2012.
Díaz-Ramírez M, Sebastián F, and Royo J. Grate fired thermal conversion system
development applied to novel energy crops combustion. In: 6th Dubrovnik
Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment
Systems, 2011.
Díaz M, Sebastián F, Boström D, and Boman C. Lignocellulosic energy crops
combustion operation conditions impact on their bottom ashes transformation
behaviour and fractionation based on pilot-scale and full-scale measurements. In:
18thEuropeanBiomassConferenceandExhibition,Lyon,France,2010.p.1316–20.
Díaz M, Boström D, Boman C, and Royo J. Effect of fuel composition on ash
transformation and emissions during combustion of pellets from herbaceous and
woody energy crops. In: 17th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition,
Hamburg, Germany, 2009. p. 1219–24.
DíazM,RezeauA,SebastiánF,andRoyoJ.Environmentalperformanceofanovel
small-scalebiomassboilerfuelledwithnativeSpanishresources.In:16thEuropean
Biomass Conference and Exhibition, Valencia, Spain, 2008. p. 1447–50.
Díaz M, Rezeau A, Maraver D, Sebastián F, and Royo J. Comparison of the
environmentalimpactofbiomassandfossilfuelsmedium-scaleboilersfordomestic
applications employing life cycle assessment methodology. In: 16th European
Biomass Conference and Exhibition, Valencia, Spain, 2008. p. 1447–50.
Rezeau A, Díaz M, Sebastián F, and Royo J. Operation and efficiencies of a new
biomass burner when using pellets from herbaceous energy crops. In: 16th
EuropeanBiomassConferenceandExhibition,Valencia,Spain,2008.p.1447–50.
RezeauA,DíazM,ArquéH,QuinteroA,SebastiánF,andRoyoJ.Improvementof
a biomass burner and its connection to a modular diesel fuel boiler and analysis
of the new biomass boiler concept efficiency and emissions. In: 15th European
Biomass Conference and Exhibition, Berlin, Germany, 2007. p. 1678–83.
Chapters in Books
Díaz-Ramírez M, Sebastián F, Royo J, and Rezeau A. Combustion behavior of
novel energy crops in domestic boilers: poplar and brassica experiences.
Alternative Energies, Advanced Structured Materials, 34. Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg. 2013. p. 27–45. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-40680-5-2.
Díaz-Ramírez M, Boman C, Sebastián F, Royo J, Xiong S, and Boström, D.
Environmental performance of three novel opportunity biofuels: poplar, brassica
and cassava during fixed bed combustion. Nova Publishers. 2013. p. 133–47.
ISBN: 978-1-62618-730-6.
This work is lovingly dedicated to my Family.
I would especially like to honor the memory
of my relatives who shared with me part
of their lives, but unfortunately will not be
here to see my further steps. I have
appreciated your love, which is near
and dear to my heart. I really wish
you were here!
Maryori
’
Supervisors Foreword
It is our great pleasure to introduce Dr. Maryori C. Díaz-Ramírez’s thesis work,
which has been accepted for publication within the Springer Theses Series and
recognized as an outstanding original work based on its scientific excellence and
impact on the research field. Dr. Díaz-Ramírez’s has executed extraordinary effort
involving basic and applied research carried out in collaboration with four leading
Europeaninstitutionsinthebioenergyresearchsector;ZaragozaUniversityandthe
Research Center for Energy Resources and Consumption (CIRCE Foundation),
Umeå University and the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). We have had
the opportunity to collaborate with Dr. Díaz-Ramírez advising this thesis and as
co-authors of original scientific peer-reviewed published articles as well as within
contributions presented at International conferences and in book chapters.
This thesis is an important scientific contribution in the pursuit to increase the
share of renewable energies and to meet the objectives of the energy and climate
targets within EU and around the world. Biomass is already a major renewable
energy source, but in future scenarios an increased utilization of new and so far
unexploited solid biofuels for heat and power production are needed. By research
andpracticalexperiences,wearetodayawareofmanyofthechallengesassociated
withthisdevelopmentand,relatedtotheresearchbyDr.Díaz-Ramírez,someofthe
main aspects to consider are technical ash-related operational problems and emis-
sions of hazardous air pollutants.
Inlightofthat,theuniquenessofthisworkisthatitrepresentsanadvancetowards
the understanding of basic and fundamental mechanisms of biomass combustion,
specially focused on the ash transformation during combustion of novel biomass
fuels in grate-fired systems. A novel experimental approach for combustion evalu-
ation has been presented in this work, involving fundamental-, bench-scale- and
commercial-scale studies with two representative biomass energy crops; a woody
biomasspoplar(Populussp.)andaherbaceousbiomassbrassica(Brassicacarinata).
This research has comprised an extensive characterization of these fuels, their ash
chemistry and their emissions of solid particles (coarse and fine ash fractions) and
gaseouscompounds(COandNO )formedattypicalgratecombustionconditions.
X
ix
x Supervisors’Foreword
Furthermore,thisevaluationhasspecificallyincludedanin-depthanalysisofash
fractionationprocessesarisingfromthetransformationofseveralmajorashspecies,
which are key components in slagging/sintering, deposition, corrosion and fine
particle formation phenomena during biomass combustion. Special attention was
giventodescribetheroleofsomecriticalandvolatilekeyelements(K,Cl,SandP)
in grate-fired combustion systems and to elucidate the main differences in the ash
chemistry during combustion of Si-rich and P-rich fuels. Thus, we consider
Dr. Díaz-Ramírez has made an extraordinary research work of great relevance that
will provide good experiences to the scientific field as well as in more
technical-oriented forums. Dr. Díaz-Ramírez’s thesis is an innovative contribution
to the Springer Theses Series and we anticipate the reader will enjoy it.
Zaragoza Prof. Fco. Javier Royo Herrer
April 2014 Assoc. Prof. Christoffer Boman
