Graphene for batteries

2 Pages·02.232 MB·English

by  Daniel Cíntora Juárez, Álvaro Doñoro Pina, Vinodkumar Etacheri

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Graphene Based Electrodes for Rechargable Batteries
Poster · May 2017
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Daniel Cíntora Juárez Álvaro Doñoro
Self employed | Madrid Area Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies
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Vinodkumar Etacheri
Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies
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Graphene Based Electrodes for Rechargable Batteries
Daniel Cíntora; Álvaro Doñoro; Vinodkumar Etacheri*
Electrochemistry Group, IMDEA Materials Institute, C/ Eric Kandel 2, Getafe, Madrid 28906, Spain
[email protected]
Graphene’s two dimensional structure gives rise to its exceptional properties,[1] which added to its low weight
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and large electrochemically active surface area, make graphene a highly interesting material for rechargable
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lithium battery (RLB) electrodes.[2, 3] However, the high irreversible capacity loss and the poor cycling stability of
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batteries, due to the extreme reactivity of single layer graphene with the electrolyte solution, has limited their
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commercialization. Herein, we have demonstrated the integration of multilayered graphene nanoplatelets in Li-
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ion battery anodes and Li-S / Li-O battery cathodes. These electrodes demonstrated excellent electrochemical
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DOI: 10.1039/C3TA13033A
performance as compared to the commercial electrodes and to various carbonaceous materials reported earlier.
Lithium - ion Lithium - Sulfur
Discharge Charge
Discharge Charge e− e−
e− e− A
A
(a) (a) − (b)
− (b) +
+
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Li+ Li Li Li Li Li t S S S S
Li+ a C
Li+ Li+ Li Li Li Li ra Li+
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Li+ Li+ Li Li Li Li e S S S S
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Li+ Li+ ra Li+ Li Li Li Li Polysulfide S S S S
Li Li Li Li dissolution,
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Li+ Li+
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Li+ Li+ Li+ Li+ S Li Li Li Li S
Li+ Li+ Li+ Li Li Li Li S S S S
+
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Li Li Li Li
+
Li
Organic electrolyte
Organic electrolyte
Fig. 3: (a) Scheme of a Li-S battery containing Li-metal anode and graphene
Fig. 1: (a) Scheme of a Li-ion full-cell containing graphene nanoplatelet
nanoplatelet-sulfur hybrid cathode. (b) TEM image of graphene nanoplatelet-sulfur
anode and LiFePO cathode. (b) SEM image of 5µm graphene
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active material.
nanoplatelets.
(a) (b) (a) (b)

3.0 1400 1000
1200
25 m graphene platelets ) Graphene-based
5 m graphene platelets
) 1
200 mA/g
i 1200 -
L g Li - S
5 m graphene platelets ) 25 m graphene platelets
/ 1 k Graphene-based
+ - Graphite MCMB
i Graphite MCMB g
L 1000 ) 900 h Li - ion
h 1 W 100
. - EV goal
s A g
v m 800 25 mA/g h ( PHEV goal
V 2.5 50 mA/g 25 mA/g A y NiMH
( 0.1 A/g g
( y 600 0.2 A/g 0.5 A/g m 600 er HEV goal
l t (
a i 1 A/g
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ti a E Lead Acid
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0
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0 200 400 600 800 0 10 20 30 40 101 102 103 104
0 25 50 75 100
-1 Cycle number
Capacity (mAh g )
-1
Specific Power (W kg )
Cycle number
Fig. 2: (a) Second discharge profiles and (b) galvanostatic rate
Fig. 4: (a) Cycling performance of graphene nanoplatelet based Li-S system
performance of commercial graphite and graphene nanoplatelets at a
and (b) relative performance of two graphene-based batteries as compared to
current density of 25 mA g-1.
other energy storage systems.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
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(e)
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DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403064
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Fig. 5: (a) Comparative of Li-O battery vs. other systems,[4] (b) drawbacks of Li-O battery, (c) scheme (d) electrochemical performance and e) image of Li-O coin cell
2 2 2
S S 1. Multilayered graphene nanoplatelets are successfully integrated in Li-ion, Li-S and Li-O battery
[1] Geim, A. K.; Novoselov, K. S. Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 183−191
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systems.
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[2] V. Etacheri , J. E. Yourey , B. M. Bartlett , ACS Nano 2014 , 8 , 1491-
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1499 S 2. These 2D-type electrodes demonstrated superior electrochemical performances compared to the
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R [3] Wu, F; Lee, J. T; Zhao, E. Zhang, B; Yushin, G. ACS Nano 2016 , 8 , L current generation of carbonaceous electrodes.
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1491-1499
F N 3. Further performance enhancements and optimizations of rechargeable batteries containing
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[4] Bruce, P. G; Freunberger, S. A; Hardwick, L. J; Tarascon, J. M; Nat. O
graphene nanoplatelets are in progress.
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Mater. 2012, 11, 19-29 C
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