Grammar, Meaning, and Concepts_ A Discourse-Based Approachish Grammar - Susan Strauss

12 Pages·2017·20.559 MB·English

by  Parastou Feiz _ Xuehua Xiang.pdf

Grammar, Meaning, and Concepts
Grammar, Meaning, and Concepts: A Discourse-Based Approach to English
Grammar is a book for language teachers and learners that focuses on the
meanings of grammatical constructions within discourse, rather than on
language as structure governed by rigid rules. This text emphasizes the ways
in which users of language construct meaning, express viewpoints, and depict
imageries using the conceptual, meaning-filled categories that underlie all of
grammar. Written by a team of authors with years of experience teaching
grammar to future teachers of English, this book puts grammar in the context
of real language and illustrates grammar in use through an abundance of
authentic data examples. Each chapter also provides a variety of activities that
focus on grammar, genre, discourse, and meaning, which can be used as they
are or can be adapted for classroom practice. The activities are also designed
to raise awareness about discourse, grammar, and meaning in all facets of
everyday life, and can be used as springboards for upper high school,
undergraduate, and graduate level research projects and inquiry-based
grammatical analysis. Grammar, Meaning, and Concepts is an ideal textbook
for those in the areas of teacher education, discourse analysis, applied
linguistics, second language teaching, ESL, EFL, and communications who are
looking to teach and learn grammar from a dynamic perspective.
Susan Strauss is Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics and Asian Studies
at Pennsylvania State University, USA. Her research interests center on the
interface of discourse, cognition, interaction, and culture, often from a cross-
linguistic/cross-cultural perspective. She is co-author of Discourse Analysis:
Putting Our Worlds Into Words (Routledge, 2014).
Parastou Feiz is Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics in the Department
of English at California State University, San Bernardino, USA. Her research
focuses on comparative analyses of grammatical structures across languages,
particularly Persian and English. She is co-author of Discourse Analysis:
Putting Our Worlds Into Words (Routledge, 2014).
Xuehua Xiang is Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics in the
Department of Linguistics at the University of Illinois at Chicago, USA. Her
research focuses on using empirical lenses, such as discourse analysis, corpus
tools, and cognitive-functional perspectives to study the interaction of
language, culture, and communication.
Grammar, Meaning, and Concepts
A Discourse-Based Approach to English
Grammar
Susan Strauss, Parastou Feiz, and Xuehua Xiang
[email protected]
BUTUH LENGKAP HUB
First published 2018
by Routledge
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The right of Susan Strauss, Parastou Feiz and Xuehua Xiang to be identified as
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Strauss, Susan G., author. | Feiz, Parastou, author. | Xiang, Xuehua,
1976– author.
Title: Grammar, meaning, and concepts : a discourse-based approach to
English grammar / Susan Strauss, Parastou Feiz and Xuehua Xiang.
Description: New York, NY : Routledge, [2018] | Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017052956 | ISBN 9781138785267 (hardback) | ISBN
9781138785274 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781317665045 (epub) | ISBN 9781317665038
(mobipocket/kindle)
Subjects: LCSH: English language—Discourse analysis. | English language—
Grammar. | Semantics.
Classification: LCC PE1422 .S77 2018 | DDC 425—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017052956
ISBN: 978-1-138-78526-7 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-78527-4 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-76797-0 (ebk)
Typeset in Galliard
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
This book is dedicated to the memory of Noriko
Akatsuka (1937–2016). Noriko’s influence abounds in
how we and our students view language, grammar, and
discourse.
Contents
List of Illustrations
Acknowledgments
 1 Meaning Beyond Syntax: Discourse and Conceptualization
 2 The Nuts and Bolts of Grammar
 3 The Basic Grammar for Mentioning People, Ideas, Values, Objects,
Concepts, and Things: Nouns and Their Meanings in Discourse
 4 Referring to, Identifying, Specifying, Underspecifying, Possessing, and
Quantifying Things, People, and Ideas in Discourse: Determiners
 5 Alternate Ways to Identify, Specify, Underspecify, Focus On, and Quantify
Things, People, and Ideas in Discourse: Pronouns
 6 The Grammar of Events, States, Identities, Actions, Power, Control, and
Spontaneity in Discourse: Verbs
 7 The Grammar of Time, Fact, Habit, Changeability, Permanence, Sequence,
and Relevance in Discourse: Tense and Aspect
8 The Grammar of Directives, Permissions, Obligations, Opinions, and
Mitigations: Imperatives and Modals
 9 The Grammar of Agency, Control, Responsibility, Passivity, Non-Agency,
and Non-Accountability: Voice
10 The Grammar of Juxtaposing, Contrasting, Denying, Excluding,
Contradicting, and Reversing: Negation
11 The Grammar of Inquiry and Apparent Inquiry in Discourse: Yes-No
Questions, Wh- Questions, Alternative or Choice Questions, and Tag
Questions
12 The Grammar of Situating Entities in Space, Time, and Abstractness,
Hanging On, Burning Up, and Cooling Down: Prepositions and Phrasal
Verbs
13 The Exquisite Grammar of Descriptions—Being Bellicose or Bubbly,
Feckless, or Fearless: Adjectives
14 The Grammar of Connecting, Adding, Conjoining, Contrasting, Indicating
Alternatives, and Expressing Stance: Conjunctions
15 The Grammar of Exquisitely Evoking Events, How Things Happen, When
Things Happen, If Things Happen, and How We Portray Such Views in
Discourse: Adverbs
Index
suffixes 12–15, 16–17, 21; negative 309–312, 315–318
Suh, K. 248
superlative adjectives, simple 413–414
superlatives 15
Sussex, R. 275
Svartvik, J. 50, 92, 144, 164, 184, 220, 243, 275, 292, 303, 327, 332, 336, 338, 352, 354, 379, 408,
423, 437, 448, 458
Swales, J. M. 240
Swan, M. 50, 248
Sweetser, E. E. 220, 461
synonyms 414–416
Tagliamonte, S. A. 164
tag questions 332–334
tall (adjective) 415
Talmy, L. 53, 144, 353
Taylor, J. R. 53
tense 177–178; simple future time 184–185; simple past 180–184, 190–192, 326; simple present
178–180, 186–187, 190–191, 195–196, 326; subject-verb agreement and 187–188, 192–193,
208–210; time, and agency 213–214; voice and 267
that/those (determiners) 92, 93–94
the (article) 86–90
they (pronoun) 129–130
third-person pronouns 119–120, 128–130
this/that/it (pronouns) 130–131
this/these (determiners) 92, 93–94
Thompson, S. A. 144, 150, 152, 154, 157, 408
through (preposition) 373–374
Timberlake, A. 220
time, temporality, sequentiality, and frequency 455–456
to (preposition) 357–358
transitive verbs 24, 152–157, 167–168, 265; complex 155–156; distinguished from intransitive
verbs 157–161; voice and 282–283; see also ditransitive verbs
974