Grammar in Use - Pre-intermediate

275 Pages·2004·12.16 MB·English

PAN

REFERENCE AND PRACTICE

FOR INTERMEDIATE STUDENTS

OF ENGLISH

RAYMOND MURPHY

with Roann Altman

Consultant: William E. Rutherford

#6| CAMBRIDGE

UNIVERSITY PRESS
“Tae Baling, Temyinglon Se. Comin CDI, Ll Kn

‘he Bein Hila, Combsidge CB2 2RU, Usizeé King
‘ses 2h Sew, em York BY JOOL-421), 1184
1 Sued ood esl Notte 3.8, Aer

Cane Ure 1989

“Ti wk sin opal Sats santo stepton
dl thers hot ele suing agrano,
‘nrepolution of ay pat ye plato

‘he ten piace ery Pe

25 puna 08s
ath pig 1698

Pan in Tre Seo mers
‘eset io Tunes Rous

bre of mgns Cong in tubliatin Daa
Cate book 2 Ansber

1 Bg guage = stboes x een speaker

2 Bagi pues Geum - 1950

2 opin lacguege “Cate Seon. 1 Aman, Roe

TE.LSMTS me sana Hea

ISBN 0521-809 Sete Brak pape
BN 521857012 Ancwer Kes peace

Udaenacn ty rin Ph
‘ok en in Th Tre
CONTENTS

Inteoductin

Tenses

SSescess

Unit 8
Unit 10
Unit 11
Unit 12
Unit 3
Unit 14
Unit 15
Unit 16
Unit 17

Unit 18
Unit 19

Unit 20
Unit 21
Unit 22
Unit Zt
Unit 28

Modal verbs

unit 25
Unit 25
Unit 27
Unit 28
Unit29
Unit 30

unit 31
unit 32

unit 33

Present cannot ¢T ae dui)

Simple present (Ta)
Present cnarouous ¢T am a

Yor sine present 2)?

Present tonics (Tam daha /1 40) with une meaning
10

Galng to (Tam potg ta a
wail) 12
waiz)
all ur puing tw? 6

‘When and 1 sentenass (When Fd

WSL be doing aca WI! have da
imple past (Uald) 22
Past votinugus (F was delng)

reveal perect (lave dome) (1)
neve done} (2)

reveat pereet

reseat perfect {1 ia dame) 3)
eseat perfect coutinuous (1 have been doing)

Preseat perfec! continuous (have been daing) oF p

(Lave dane)? 34

eva,
ah

m

)

2

7

on pester snple

Treseot gealecl have dome / bave been doing) ith how lng.

for, since

reset exafes! it Now ou sinaple pos lh when:

Since a ar 38

lesen poet (Tae dome or sip pst (a)?

Past pei
Pact pet
Hase and have gata
ed to (used ta de) 48

Can, could, and be abe to

ot (Ed dine) aD

or cpntinanu (had Ie dig

Could (0) and enala have (done)

‘Must thuye) and can't (uate)
‘May (aave) sa uight (hase)
May und might {tuture) 58

”

Can, coud. may, and would: requests, peemissions, offre,

saul imvtations $0
lew al most 62
Steud 64

Subjunctive (suggest you do)

6
Contents

sentences (preseutlulure! St
Mand wish enters (present) 79
eand wb ventoxos (pas)
Would 74
Incxe 76
Unies at ng a6 aed pride provi (Ia)

Prssis (1) th done! ave bie dre) 6
Prosive (2) (prose ant past rence) RZ

Passe (3). AF

Tin sald that... 1 He fraaid to...,cte, and aappored tp 6
lave something dome 8

Reported speech

Unit 45 Reports specck (1) WU
Reported pooch {2} v2

Questions

Unit 47 Questions (1)
Unit 48 Questuns (2) «De you koww where... 7 / Me wstd ane where
Unit 49—Aailiny vert in cont amewers shor! questions, ele,

Se? Nellbor wm yer 9%
Unit 80 Tag questions fore pou? doce" he ee.) 10

ing and the infinitive

Verh = ing 102
Verh 4 inte 1

Verh + objost = intnidve UD

afitive oF -ng? (1) ~ Uke, would Me, ete. 1

infinitive or ng? (2) — begin. tar, emitinge, remember, ey SLU
Prspocition tng 112

ery 1 proposition | dag Lt

Expressions | ing 116

elget use fo soractbiay (Fm nsod 10-02} 1

Inioitive of purpuse ~ "L wont out forall attr."

So that

refer nd wool ibor E22
Had efter do suretting

Avs tne vomvone did somethmg
[Unit 63 Seesumeone snl ee someone doing 126
Unit 64 ing lanes “Fedtng Gro, Coven Ue early.” 128

Atticles

Unit & —_Unvonmable suns (go, utc, mlvion #46.) 150
Unit 85 Govwmable nouns FF ane and some 12
Unit a¢
Wail a5
Unit 66
Unit a7
Unit 88
Unit 89

Contents

Also undthe 16
Tell) 136
the?) 8
Pho aad uncvuntable nota with and rchots
the towers the towers) 24
Sehuol the school piso the prisoa, ue
Gevaraphical mimes with and wichove the 4
‘Names of sev, buildings, et,, with and wenous the 146
Siagolac or pha? 16

*s (apostvphe 8) and wos of so 150
Reflenive proucuns (amsef | youtslt, etc), by mit 152
‘A [doy of eine,” “roy ona boue™ LH
0; a uy oa F mae of rd md fy e155
Doh beth of ene her of ile itis of 156
Semen ay
Soameay—-one-Biything!vtere 460
Nnvacnasty
Nofany—ne-bndy-thingiowhere 162
Much, mane. He fe aT, plenty 164
Al every, and whee 166

Asltive eases (1) — louses with wholthaciehleh 168
olive clases (2) ~ elausce with nv without wha/that 17

eluive chuses (3) — whose, whom, avd where 172

elutive chuses (4) — “or information” clause (1) 174

Relative chnnes (5) = “emze information” claus (2) 176

Jing ad -e cacoes ("ahe woman elking to Tanz,” "he man injored in the
ecidemt™) 18

Adjectives and adverbs

unit 30
Unit 1

unit 92
Unit 53
Unit 94
Unit 95
Unit 56
Unit 7
Unit ua
Unit us
Unit 100

Ward

Unit 01
Unit 102

der

Adjectives us ining dnl ed (boringthoced, ete.) 18%
Adjectives: Word oner (a nice sew Buse")

Alier verbs (*Dx you fel red?" 2

Adjectives und avers (1) (quick'qusidy) 14

Adjectives and aera (2) (guod mel fastTharate, hardly) 186
Sond suds 156
nomgh aed toy 1907
The ininitne aller adjectives 192

Sheoper, mars eypennive, ele. 1d

ny
Comparison (3) ~ at---a {haw 195
Superatives the longest die wast enjonsble, v0

Woed ordor {1} vorb abject: paso ané sino 22
‘Word ardor (2}— advorbe wih the verb) 204
Contents

Unit 100
Unit 104

‘Unit 195
Unit 106

Unit 107
Unit 108.

Prepositions

Unit 109
Unit 10
Unit 111

Unit 112
Unit 13
Unit 118

unit 13
Unit 115
Unit 117
Unit 118
Unit 119
Unit 120
Unit 121
Unit 122
Unit 123
Unit 124

Seat ond yet
‘Anymore any long
‘Abtough'tuongheven though

Inspieef despite 708

tren 210

Ar liae) “Lovato hee wy she ype the ltl”

(Ss Eeagn) “ae Toa eeting Gre, Tent hse wae. 20
Like wade 24

ait U8

Moan (Hime) 218
Foe, daring, and while 229
yaad unt 222
Ry the cme
Watton (postion 1) 224
Twatien (postion! (2) ZN
To, heen ty tnt 250
Ty carta my ear
Noun preposition (reason for," “eause of" ci.) 252
Proposition" noun ("hy mistake,” "om tlovsion” ct.) 254
Aujective ~ presositn (1) 236
‘Aujectve — prepusiceo (2) 38

au
ae
verb + prepositio: @) 244
Weob = doje + pespenilion (1) 46
Weck — etject + preposition 2) 48
Paral ets (ge mp wa lo

Uist af presen and pact renves. 258
Ragnar and irgalae site 254
Spelling 256

Shot forms (avatars, ot.) 258
INTRODUCTION

Grammar i tse 2 westook or incermesiate students of Bnalish who need sug al
practice ucng the grammar of ie linge. [t can be used as a Casson txt ov for alta
{til be spec useful in Gites where, im che tacher's We, oxietingenirte minty 0
pruvide wequale boverage of gram,

Level

‘Tae bouk is iateaded min fur intermediate students (thet i, students who hate andy
stodied the bic strstuzes of L-glish. 1 concentrates un thoce structures weigh fccrmediste
stodents Wot (0 u5e but whic olfea cause cticuly. The book wil probubly be most sot at
idle aud upper aleroeiste level Chee al o nesely all ofthe mareral wil be relevancs,
and cam verse but ae hase [oe rosion and a # means of prctcing mew material. The hook
wil alo Uc weal for more rtvanved stants wb sti uke a fol of grammatical mistakes and
nv word # bank (er anferenes and practice
“The book it nt intend 10 he uted hy begin stolen,

How the book is arganized

“The book consist af 124 unite, cach of which ennceatater on # paula point ol eraonoar,
Soune areas {for exumple. the prscet pecfest or he a's af aces) are cotoced in rn th
fone ure ig exch unit there are explunations and examples (et-hand page) and cecil [righ
band page). ewept for Unit ELZ, wich i a deuble unit

“AL the beginning ute baok ihe Comes ages provide 1 fll Hr: of unit, an “here fs a
Uelaled Feder atthe ex Go ey ceerence,

‘Thee ure als four Append at Ihe ead of the buok: "List af Preucat and Past Tenses,”

-Regulac ad Freegulie Vee," * Spelling.” aad "'Short ors.” It might be urcfol for the
tether lr dr sant! aati fs These

Using the hawk

Tc cersinly not intonded tat anyons should work though hic wk Frown begining tv end At
forthe teacher to decide what to toach nd ir shar coder tn each i so the Reb i bet used
reloctively and lesiby

“The book can bo uscd withthe whole sass or with individual emdont. Whom using the Book,
withthe whole class, is sugoested that toucers tach 2c ramraar pot co
whuteve: way they wal Ir bis care the lef-hoadl pugs is doc usod actively during he Testo
ul serves ao w reco uf wil dus been langht and can be selered to be the student in we
Ina, The exerefane ie shea te done in iss or ws homewure, Altematvely (and
‘2deiouslly) nlvidalsulent canbe directed fo etady vera unis of the book by
themselves {they hove peetielardifenlies wal sage by other students fn their ss,

Answer Kuy

‘A soiarate ner key in avila for teachers and

ssa users

Geasmar in Use
UNIT

Present continuous (J am doing)

:

‘Anois er ar. Sle i om hee way Wo wk,

She is driving 19 work,

This mens: She i diving now. au he Gwe of
speaking

This is the present enurentons cease

heyipon: ame | we'Re, ct.)

Tam (= Fm)
hossoin i he's ee.) Pad

‘We wae the present continous whew 6 talk ot
stspoating

tefing thst is appeal the ie

it Please don't rake so mel aoe, Pun Saying, (ot Tstuds)
“where is Poggy™ "She's aking # bath” (nots takes)

fF Letsgo curs: Iw alla anon

1 (aeaparey} Hello, Ann. Ave yout enjoying the pacts? (noi du you envy)

eee eee ee ra are eet
pat

Tom and Ann are talking and Roving coffee in acnts. Hana sa:
reading ua interesting book atthe moatent. Lend iten yon when
ish"
ont is not eeadng Ihe ook at the ue of speaking. Te means that he has begun the hooke
‘asl beso Ese icye:, Hei ia Ue nile of reading, Thee are some more extmples:
ws Maria is stadying Enplish at alaugusye school, (nat etulies
f= Have you heard about Bian? Tiss bullding is own house, (orth)
Pt perhapa Maria and Brian are noe deing Hes sigs cally al the fone of peaking,

‘We offen n3e he present comimans whe we talk about 9 pecied arvund Ue present, Por
‘cuAupe! tray te week, thie season, ote
iF "YouTve workdng hard today.” “Yes, Thevoalot te de.”
1 To tert playhag Focal ths season, He wees to coaccnteas on his
sens,

SE egret anes es