Grammar Almanac

94 Pages·2009·0.71 MB·English

Grammar Almanac

Written by Tyler Eubank
Edited by: Gary Williams
Tara Williams
Gina Wang
Lily Wu
Contributor: J.C. Guedon
Hello! Welcome to our Grammar Almanac!

There are two purposes for the “Grammar Almanac.” The first is to supply teachers of
“Step Into Grammar” with a quick reference in order to make class time more efficient.
The second goal is to help teachers of Step Ahead gain a fuller understanding of the
material.

How to use this book?

The grammar topics are listed alphabetically. There is also a table of contents that lists
the topics by the “Step Into Grammar” book and the unit in which they are found. There
is quite a lot of jargon used in the text of this book. However, there is a glossary at the
end of the book. Any words in bold throughout the book are found in the glossary.

Step Into Grammar

When teaching Step Into Grammar, this book assumes that there are a few basic steps in a
higher-level grammar lesson. These steps are as follows:

1. Name of the topic
2. Defining terms
3. Key points
4. Timeline (for tenses) and equations
5. Practice

In each entry, you will find:
1. A definition of the word
2. Key points
3. Areas of difficulty and possible tricks to help your students remember the
grammar (including timelines, equations, etc.)

Step Ahead

You will notice when teaching “Step Ahead” patterns that the key points in this book are
spread across several patterns lessons or even across entire “Step Ahead” levels. You can
use this book to understand what the lessons are building to and what the children will be
responsible for knowing in the near future.
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Contents (listed alphabetically by topic):

Appositions and Inversion Book 6, Unit 10….page 11
Auxiliaries Book 5, Unit 1….page 12
Comparative Adjectives Book 3, Unit 1….page 13
Comparison Adverbs Book 3, Unit 7….page 14
Conditional Sentences (if) Book 6, Unit 3….page 16
Conjunctions Book 6, Unit 2….page 18
Coordinate Clause, Principal Clause, Subordinate Clause Book 6, Unit 4….page 19
Countable Nouns vs. Uncountable Nouns Book 1, Unit 5….page 21
Definite Article (the) Book 1, Unit 7….page 21
Demonstrative Pronouns and Adjectives Book 2, Unit 4….page 23
Direct and Indirect Objects Book 2, Unit 2….page 23
Direct and Indirect Questions Book 6, Unit 7….page 24
Direct and Indirect Speech Book 6, Unit 6….page 27
Direct Questions Book 5, Unit 7….page 27
Formation of Adverbs Book 3, Unit 5….page 28
Function of Adverbs Book 3, Unit 6….page 29
Future Continuous Tense (will be verbing) Book 4, Unit 8….page 30
Future Tense (will/ be going to) Book 4, Unit 7….page 31
Gerunds Book 6, Unit 5….page 32
Imperatives Book 6, Unit 4….page 34
Indefinite Articles (a, an) Book 1, Unit 6….page 35
Indefinite Pronouns and Determiners Book 2, Unit 5….page 36
Infinitives Book 5, Unit 4….page 37
Interjections and Exclamatory Sentences Book 6, Unit 9….page 38
Kinds of Adverbs Book 3, Unit 4….page 39
Negative Sentences Book 5, Unit 6….page 40
Other Comparatives Book 3, Unit 3….page 40
Parts of Speech Book 1, Unit 1….page 42
Passive Voice Book 5, Unit 2….page 43
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Past Continuous Tense (was/were verbing) Book 4, Unit 6….page 44
Preposition Book 6, Unit 1….page 46
Present Continuous Tense (am/is/are + verbing) Book 4, Unit 5….page 47
Present and Past Participle Book 5, Unit 3….page 48
Present Perfect Continuous Tense (have/ has been verbing) Book 4, Unit 10….page 49
Present Perfect Tense (have/ has done) Book 4, Unit 9….page 51
Pronouns Book 2, Unit 1….page 52
Proper Nouns and Common Nouns Book 1, Unit 4….page 54
Punctuation and Capitalization Book 1, Unit 3….page 55
Qualitative and Quantitative Adjectives Book 2, Unit 7….page 56
Reflexive Pronouns Book 2, Unit 3….page 57
Relative Pronouns Book 2, Unit 6….page 58
Responses and Additions Book 6, Unit 8….page 61
Sensory Verbs Book 5, Unit 9….page 62
Sentence Structure Book1, Unit 2….page 63
Simple Past Tense (be verb) Book 4, Unit 3….page 65
Simple Past Tense (verb) Book 4, Unit 4….page 66
Simple Present Tense (be verb) Book 4, Unit 1….page 68
Simple Present Tense (verb) Book 4, Unit 2….page 69
Special Verbs Book 5, Unit 10….page 70
Superlative Adjectives Book 3, Unit 2….page 71
Tag Questions Book 5, Unit 8….page 73
Third Person Singular Rule ….page 74

Appendices
Appendix A: Glossary….page 75
Appendix B: Irregular Verbs….page 88
Appendix C: Verbs from Step Ahead 12….page 89
Appendix D: Common Verbal Phrases….page 91
Appendix E: Timelines….page 91
Appendix F: Web Resources ….page 94
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Contents
(listed by topic’s appearance in Patterns books ):

Step Ahead 1
Lesson 1-4 Indefinite articles, “a” and “an” (see Indefinite Article)
Lesson 5-6 Possessive Pronouns: your, his, her. (see Possessive Pronouns)
Lesson 7-8 Adverb, here. (see Kinds of Adverbs, Adverbs of Place)
Lesson 9-13 Plural Nouns (see Countable and Uncountable Nouns)

Step Ahead 2
Lesson 1-4 Adjectives (see Parts of Speech, Simple Present Tense (be verb))
Lesson 5-9 Preposition + Place (see Prepositions)
Lesson 10-17 Like (using different subjects with like)
(see First Person Singular Rule.)

Step Ahead 3
Lesson 1-5 Have (using different subjects with have)
(see First Person Singular Rule.)
(any, some) + (countable and uncountable nouns)
(see Countable and Uncountable Nouns)
Lesson 6-9 Want (using different subjects with want)
(see First Person Singular Rule.)
(any, some) + (countable and uncountable nouns)
(see Countable and Uncountable Nouns)
Lesson 10-13 Verbs (using different subjects with regular verbs)
(see First Person Singular Rule.)
Lesson 14-17 Time

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Step Ahead 4
Lesson 1-4 Time
Lesson 5 Like to + (Verb) (see Infinitives)
Lesson6 Have to + (Verb) (see Infinitives)
Lesson 7 Can + (Verb) (see First Person Singular Rule)
Lesson 8-9 Can (Subject) (Verb) (Prep + Place) (Prep + Time)?
Lesson 10 Preposition + Place (see Prepositions)
Lesson 11-13 (Like, Want, Have) + (Various Nouns)
Lesson 14-17 Using Prepositions with Different Prepositional Objects.
(see Prepositions)

Step Ahead 5
Lesson 1-4 Subordinating Conjunctions: as, before, after.
(see Subordinating Conjunctions)
Lesson 5-9 Prepositions and Prepositional Objects (see Prepositions)
Lesson 10-17 Countable and Uncountable Nouns
(see Countable and Uncountable Nouns)

Step Ahead 6
Lesson 1-4 Subordination Conjunctions, because and so.
(see Subordinate Conjunctions)
Lesson 5-8 Present Continuous Tense (see Present Continuous Tense)
Lesson 9 Present Tense vs. Present Continuous Tense.
Lesson 10-17 Simple past tense using “was” and “were”
(see Simple Past Tense)

Step Ahead 7
Lesson 1-9 Future tense (see Future Tense)
Lesson 10-17 Comparative and Superlative Adjectives (see Comparative Adjectives,
Superlative Adjectives)
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Step Ahead 8
Lesson 1-4 Future tense, going to (verb) (see Future Tense)
Lesson 5-17 Simple past tense (see Simple Past Tense)

Step Ahead 9
Lesson 1-4 Irregular past tense verbs (see Simple Past Tense)
Lesson 5-9 Past continuous tense (see Past Continuous Tense)
Lesson 10-12 Sensory verbs (see Sensory Verbs)
Lesson 13-17 Adverbs (see Adverbs)

Step Ahead 10
Lesson 1-13 Present perfect tense (see Present Perfect Tense)
Lesson 14-17 Present perfect continuous tense (see Present Perfect Continuous Tense)

Step Ahead 11
Lesson 1-9 Relative pronouns and adverb (see Relative Pronoun)
Lesson 10-11 Too and so (see Apposition and Inversion, Conjunctions)
Lesson 12-13 Coordinating conjunctions (see Conjunctions)
Lesson 14-17 Tag Questions (see Tag Questions)

Step Ahead 12
Lesson 1-2 Past Perfect Tense
Lesson 3 Future continuous tense (see Future Continuous Tense)
Lesson 5- 9 Conditionals (see Conditional Sentences (if))
Lesson 10-17 Passive Voice (see Passive Voice)

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Contents
(listed by topic’s appearance in Step Into Grammar books ):

SIG Book 1
Unit 1 Parts of Speech….page 42
Unit 2 Sentence Structures….page 63
Unit 3 Punctuation and Capitalization….page 55
Unit 4 Proper Nouns and Common Nouns….page 54
Unit 5 Countable Nouns vs. Uncountable Nouns….page 21
Unit 6 Indefinite Articles (a, an) ….page 35
Unit 7 Definite Article (the) vs. No Article….page 21

SIG Book 2
Unit 1 Pronouns….page 52
Unit 2 Direct and Indirect Objects….page 23
Unit 3 Reflexive Pronouns ….page 57
Unit 4 Demonstrative Pronouns and Adjectives….page 23
Unit 5 Indefinite Pronouns and Determiners….page 36
Unit 6 Relative Pronouns….page 58
Unit 7 Qualitative and Quantitative Adjectives….page 56

SIG Book 3
Unit 1 Comparative Adjectives….page 13
Unit 2 Superlative Adjectives….page 71
Unit 3 Other Comparisons….page 40
Unit 4 Kinds of Adverbs….page 39
Unit 5 Formation of Adverbs….page 28
Unit 6 Function of Adverbs….page 29
Unit 7 Comparison of Adverbs….page 14

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SIG Book 4
Unit 1 Simple Present Tense (be verb)….page 68
Unit 2 Simple Present Tense (verb) ….page 69
Unit 3 Simple Past Tense (be verb) ….page 65
Unit 4 Simple Past Tense (verb) ….page 66
Unit 5 Present Continuous Tense (am/is/are verbing) ….page 47
Unit 6 Past Continuous Tense (was/were verbing) ….page 44
Unit 7 Future Tense (will/ be going to) ….page 31
Unit 8 Future Continuous Tense (will be verb+ing) ….page 30
Unit 9 Present Perfect Tense (have/ has done) ….page 51
Unit 10 Present Perfect Continuous Tense (have/ has been verb+ing) ….page 49

SIG Book 5
Unit 1 Auxiliaries….page 12
Unit 2 Passive Voice….page 43
Unit 3 Present and Past Participles….page 48
Unit 4 Infinitives….page 37
Unit 5 Gerunds….page 32
Unit 6 Negative Sentences….page 40
Unit 7 Direct Questions….page 27
Unit 8 Tag Questions….page 73
Unit 9 Sensory Verbs….page 62
Unit 10 Special Verbs….page 70

SIG Book 6
Unit 1 Prepositions….page 46
Unit 2 Conjunctions….page 18
Unit 3 Conditional Sentences (if) ….page 16
Unit 4 Coordinate Clause, Principal Clause, Subordinate Clause….page 19
Unit 5 Imperatives….page 34
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Unit 6 Direct and Indirect Speech….page 25
Unit 7 Direct and Indirect Questions….page 24
Unit 8 Response and Additions….page 61
Unit 9 Interjections and Exclamatory Sentence….page 38
Unit 10 Apposition and Inversion….page 11

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