GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH Socio Economic Survey 2014-15

370 Pages·2015·11.58 MB·English

GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
Socio Economic Survey
2014-15
PLANNING DEPARTMENT

The State Government publishes 'Socio-Economic Survey' report every
year along with the budget documents placed in both the Houses of
the State Legislature.
Post bifurca�on, the present Socio-Economic Survey-2014-15 report
presents informa�on pertaining to the financial year of 2014-15 and
covers 13 districts of Andhra Pradesh. The report essen�ally a�empts
to present the growth performance of the state economy by capturing
the progress under key macro-economic aggregates and physical
indicators as a result of implementa�on of various
programmes/schemes during the year 2014-15.
The Socio-Economic Survey Report, as a unique volume that
encapsulates the socio-economic changes taken place in a year, will
con�nue to be found useful by various users including policy makers,
public representa�ves, research scholars, students and general public.
The Socio Economic Survey is a collec�ve effort, prepared with the help
of dis�lled inputs from the government departments, consulta�ons
made with experts from various research bodies and those interested
readers who have given valuable advice.

CONTENTS
Sl. Chapter Pages
No.
1. General Review 1-13
2. Macro Economic Aggregates 14-21
3. Public Finance 22-25
4. Prices, Wages and Public Distribution 26-32
5. Agriculture and Allied Activities 33-86
6. Industries 87-101
7. Economic Infrastructure 102-138
8. Social Infrastructure 139-232
9. Poverty, Employment and Unemployment 233-236
10. The Vision and Way Forward 237-244
Annexures 01-111

1
GENERAL REVIEW
Chapter
Post bifurcation period – swimming against Centre has been rather tepid. Financial support of
tide: Rs. 650 crore for the affected districts under Hudhud
cyclone was released to the State as against the
The last 9 months, post State re-organisation, has
announcement of relief of Rs. 1,000 crore by the
been quite eventful. Exploring all possible financial
Hon'ble Prime Minister during his visit to the
resources on one hand and planning for the new
cyclone affected areas. Similarly, Rs.350 crore under
State on the other hand have been the prime activities
the Special Development Package for the seven
relentlessly pursued during this period. The
backward districts in the State and an adhoc financial
provisions made in the A.P. Re-organization Act
support of Rs. 500 crore towards non-plan revenue
2014 for the development of the State of Andhra
deficit were also on not commensurate.
Pradesh in regard to income generation,
employment opportunities, health and educational Even the recommendations of the 14th Finance
institutions, R & D and training facilities and the Commission were not very encouraging. No special
social infrastructure are not adequate to compensate preference was given to the State despite requests for
the opportunities lost by the people of Andhra handholding support, excepting the usual allocations
Pradesh. The decision to bifurcate the State without made to other States, as per their eligibility. Union
even finalizing the capital city was an epitome of the Budget 2015-16 also did not make any special
manner in which bifurcation was done. The post allocations to the State.
bifurcation issues, especially the huge financial
The State Government, currently running financial
deficits continue to bother the new State of Andhra
deficits and planning to build a world class
Pradesh.
infrastructure in the proposed capital city, is waiting
Having inherited various kinds of deficits, for a big support from the Centre.
maintaining a balance between the development and
Geographic and Socio-Economic Profile of
welfare, has been a major challenge. Adding to the
Andhra Pradesh
problems, the twin effect of Hudhud cyclone and
drought compounded the agony. All measures Andhra Pradesh lies between 12°41' and 22°N
humanly possible have been taken, not only to latitude and 77° and 84°40'E longitude and is
overcome the difficulties but to convert the crisis bordered by Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Telangana
into opportunity and also lay solid foundation for and Orissa in the North, the Bay of Bengal in the
“Sunrise Andhra Pradesh”. East, Tamil Nadu to the South and Karnataka to the
West. Two major rivers, the Godavari and the
The Union Government had assured the State of
Krishna run across the State. A small enclave of 12 sq
Andhra Pradesh in the A.P. Reorganisation Act,2014
mi (30 km²) - the Yanam district of Puducherry, lies
and in the speech of the then Prime Minister in Rajya
in the Godavari Delta in the north east of the State.
Sabha to support the State on several fronts that
The State includes eastern part of Deccan plateau
include: 1) bridging revenue deficit, 2) industry
and a considerable part of Eastern Ghats.
incentives, 3) special development package for the
backward areas in seven districts, 4) assistance to The State is richly endowed with natural and human
State capital development, 5) railway zone for the resources with competitive socio economic
State and 6) special category status. advantages. Its geographical area of 1,60,205 sq km
makes it the 8th largest State in the country. Andhra
During these few months, the support from the
1
Pradesh situated in a tropical region, has the 2nd The density of population for Andhra Pradesh is 304
longest coastline in the country with a length of 974 persons per square kilometer, as against 368 persons
km. The State has a forest area of 34,572 Sq.Kms as per square kilometer at all India level in 2011. Among
per the forest records, which accounts for 21.58% the districts, the density of population of Krishna is
the total geographical area. The State has a variety of the highest at 518 while Y.S.R and Prakasam districts
physiographic features ranging from high hills, have the lowest population density with less than
undulating plains to coastal and deltaic environment. 200.
Population Sex Ratio
The population of 4.95 Crore which accounts for The Sex Ratio in the State, up from 983 in 2001 to
4.10% of the country's population makes it the 10th 997 in 2011, is higher than All India ratio of 943 in
most populous State in the country. The Growth 2011 and reflects the sustained efforts of the
Rate of population, as per 2011 Census, has come Government in educating the people, especially
down to 9.21 percent compared to 11.89 percent in those in rural areas. It is heartening that the
2001. While 70.53% of the total population lives in favourable trend in sex ratio registered for the first
rural areas 29.47% live in urban areas of the State. Of time in the State in 2001 continued in Census 2011
the total population, 2.48 crore (50.08%) are males also. However, the Child Sex Ratio (CSR) remains a
and 2.47 Crore (49.92%) females. East Godavari point of concern as the State has registered a decline
district with 52.85 Lakh population is the most by 20 points in CSR to 944 in the 2011 Census from
populous district in the State while Vizianagaram 964 in 2001 Census. The Districts of
ranks at the bottom with 23.44 Lakh. There are Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari, and
127.19 Lakh households in the State and the average Guntur have registered a progressive sex ratio
size of the household is 4. moving from less than 1000 category to more than
1000 from 2001 to 2011. The SCs and STs have
Of the total population of the State, SCs constitute
registered a sex ratio of 1007 and 1012 respectively.
17.08 percent and STs 5.53 percent. East Godavari
and Guntur are at the top with 9.57 Lakh SC Literacy
population and Vizianagaram is at the lowest with
Literacy Rate in Andhra Pradesh has witnessed
2.47 Lakh SC population. While Visakhapatnam
upward trend and is 67.4 percent as per 2011
stands first with 22.57 percent of total ST population
population census. While the literacy rate in rural area
of the State and YSR with 2.77 percent has the least
is 62.4 percent, in urban areas it is 79.2 percent. Male
among the districts.
literacy stands at 74.8 percent while female literacy is
Andhra Pradesh is the tenth largest State in the at 60.0 percent. Among the districts West Godavari is
Country, in terms of population. As per the Census at the top with 74.32 percent in 2011, and
2011, the State accounts for 4.10% of the total Vizianagaram is at the lowest with 58.89 percent.
population of the country. The population of
Urbanization
Andhra Pradesh is more than doubled in the last half
century from 23.27 million in 1961 to 49.58 million in The percentage of urban population to total
2011. Of this, 24.83 million are males and 24.75 population was 29.47 percent in 2011 compared to
million are females. The decadal growth of 24.23 percent in 2001 in the State. Among all
population rose from 18.88 percent during 1961-71 districts, Visakhapatnam ranks first with 47.45
to 21.13 percent during 1981-91. Subsequently a percent urban population followed by Krishna
significant decline was observed in the rate of district with 40.81 percent. Srikakulam district with
growth of population which was only 11.89 percent 16.16 percent of urban population followed by
during 1991-2001 and further come down to 9.21 Prakasam with 19.56 percent are the least urbanized
percent during 2001-11, which was lower than the districts. As per Census 2011, there are 112 statutory
All-India's growth rate of 17.69 percent. towns and 83 census towns in the State. Greater
Visakhapatnam Municpal Corporation (GVMC) is
Population Density
2
the largest city with a population of 17.28 Lakh Bovine and small ruminants rearing are an integral
followed by Vijayawada Municipal Corporation part of agricultural production system in the State
(VMC) with 10.34 Lakh. Other important cities and contribute significantly to the livelihood of
include Kakinada, Rajahmandry, Eluru, Guntur, farmers especially women headed, landless and small
Ongole, SPS Nellore, Tirupathi & Kurnool. The farmers. Both large ruminant rearing of cattle and
State is an important tourist hub both for national buffaloes and small ruminant rearing of goat and
and international travellers with several holy pilgrim sheep are being practiced in the State. Although
centres, ports, rivers, beaches and hill stations. significant proportion of livestock is of low
productivity, the role of animals as a coping
Land Utilisation
mechanism, especially during the drought years is
Of the total geographical area of the State, 40.96% is well recognized in the State. AP has a rich livestock
under Net Area Sown (65.61 lakh hectares), 21.80 % population, and is a major producer of hides and
under Forest (34.93 lakh hectares), 6.79 % under skins.
current fallow lands(10.87 lakh hectares), 12.37%
As per the estimates (2013-2014) of Government of
under Land put Non-Agricultural uses (19.82 lakh
India, Andra Pradesh state with an annual output of
hectares), 8.37 % under barren and uncultivable land
1272.69 crore eggs stands 2nd in egg production in the
(13.41 lakh hectares) and remaining 9.71% is under
country. With annual meat production of 4.89 lakh
other fallow land, cultivable waste., lands like
MTs. Andhra Pradesh stands 4th in the country in
permanent pastures and other grazing lands and land
meat production. With an annual production of
under miscellaneous tree crops and groves are not
90.83 lakh MTs of milk, Andhra Pradesh occupies
included in the Net Area Sown.
7th position in the country in milk production. Having
Soils a long coastline, AP is also a leading producer of
marine food products, besides the major producer of
Sand, silt, and clay are the basic types of soil. Most
inland fish and prawn.
soils are made up of a combination of these three.
The texture of the soil, how it looks and feels, Ground Water Status
depends upon the amount of each one in that
The State has been divided into four categories of
particular soil. There are various types of soils and
watersheds, which are also called ground water
the formation of soil is primarily influenced by major
basins or assessment units, such as safe, semi critical,
factors such as climate, altitude and composition of
critical and over exploited for estimation of ground
bedrock etc. Disproportion in the annual
water resources. Out of 662 mandals in the State, 572
distribution of rainfall in the country and excessive
mandals are classified under safe category, 42 semi
heat contribute special characters to the soils.
critical, 7 critical and 41 over exploited.
Crop Production
Rainfall
Agriculture which is mostly rainfed has been the
The State has arid, semi-arid and sub-humid climatic
main livelihood occupation of the farmers in the
conditions. The average maximum and minimum
State. As per the second advance estimates, the area
temperatures are 39.00C and 15.70C respectively. The
as well as production of food grains for the year
average annual rainfall of the State is 911 mm, two-
2014-15 are expected to show decrease over the
thirds of it is received during southwest monsoon
previous year's achievement. The area under food
period. The distribution of rainfall is erratic,
grains is estimated to be 39.80 lakh hectares in 2014-
resulting in frequent droughts. Coastal Andhra
15 as against 42.81 lakh hectares in 2013-14, showing
receives rains mainly through southwest monsoon
a decrease of 8.7%. The total production of food
(80%), while Rayalaseema to a large extent during the
grains in 2014-15 is estimated 111.43 lakh tonnes
northeast monsoon.
while it was 116.98 lakh tonnes in 2013-14 showing a
decrease of 4.7%. In Andhra Pradesh about 50% of the area falls under
dry land agriculture and rest is irrigated. The total
Livestock
3