"God Wants It!": The Ideology of Martyrdom of the Hebrew Crusade Chronicles and Its Jewish and Christian Background

440 Pages·2006·2.495 MB·English

by  Lena Roos

KATERN 1
‘GOD WANTS IT!’

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MEDIEVAL CHURCH STUDIES
VOLUME 6
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‘GOD WANTS IT!’
The Ideology of Martyrdom of the Hebrew Crusade
Chronicles and Its Jewish and Christian Background
by
Lena Roos
H

F

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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Roos, Lena
'God wants it!' : the ideology of martyrdom in the Hebrew
crusade chronicles and its Jewish and Christian background.
- (Medieval church studies ; v. 6)
1. Martyrdom - Judaism 2. Martyrdom - Judaism - Sources
3. Jewish martyrs - Germany - History - To 1500 4. Jewish
martyrs - Germany - History - To 1500 - Sources 5. Jews -
Persecutions - Germany - History - To 1500 6. Jews -
Persecutions - Germany - History - To 1500 - Sources
7. Germany - Ethnic relations - History 8. Germany - Ethnic
relations - History - Sources
I. Title
296.3'3
ISBN-13: 9782503514475
© 2006, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior permission of the publisher.
D/2006/0095/158
ISBN-10: 2-503-51447-2
Printed in the E.U. on acid-free paper
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For Peter
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CONTENTS
Acknowledgements xi
Note to the Reader xv
List of Abbreviations xvii
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1. Introduction and Purpose 1
1.2. Theoretical Considerations 4
1.3. Manuscripts, Editions, and Translations 6
1.4. Contents, Purpose, and Style of the Chronicles 16
1.5. Previous Research 21
1.6. Terminology for Martyrs and Martyrdom 24
1.7. Outline and Method 24
Part I: Background
Chapter 2: Jews and Christians in Germany during the 31
Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries
2.1. Introduction 31
2.2. Neighbourly Relations in the Rhineland Towns 34
2.3. Common Languages 42
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2.4. Business and Professional Relationships 46
2.5. Scholarly Contacts 49
2.6. Religious Propaganda and Polemics 51
2.7. Summary 56
Chapter 3: Martyrdom in Judaism and Christianity 59
3.1. Introduction 59
3.2. Judaism 60
3.3. Christianity 76
3.4. Summary 82
Part II: The Ideology of Martyrdom in the
Hebrew Crusade Chronicles
Chapter 4: Pious Prototypes for Martyrdom 87
4.1. Introduction 87
4.2. The Binding of Isaac 87
4.3. The Martyrdom of R. Aqiva 105
4.4. The Woman with Her Seven Sons 107
4.5. Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah 110
4.6. Differences Between the Chronicles 111
4.7. Summary 113
Chapter 5: The Reward for the Martyrs 117
5.1. Introduction 117
5.2. The Joy of Martyrdom 118
5.3. Remission of Sins 121
5.4. A Passage to Paradise 125
5.5. Differences between the Chronicles 149
5.5. Summary 151
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