Table Of ContentGLOSSARY
Ablation —Net loss of snow or ite by melting,
aublimution, uraporation, or wind action
uring 5 spade Rer‘od of time. The oppuaie
of amumulation.
Agcremulation—Net gain of anav or ice during
> specie period of tame, The opposite of
abiatin,
Active tager-—(annually thawed layer) Layer
"of around that thats in the summasr and
reece again ia the whiter (eulyalent be
seasoudly frunes ground),
Akio —Roat-ke sled wieder palling gun
‘canlzment over soe.
the ground surface le excessively wet and
oft, and ice in disappearing from strana
find lakes, Duration of the hronlenp. period
varies wuully [rom 1 lo 6 weeks dependiox
on regional and wea) etna conaitions,
The Ureakup senson causes diticalt move.
iment problems
Chitbtaine—A. cod injury which canes Jess
ually on the ands—eansed by pr0-
longed or repeated exposure to mild homid
coll
Chius0k—Warm dey wind which mises the
temperature abe niein suow from the
round.
old énjury—An inclusive term applied to tar
juries recolting from sold. The most cor mae
fre freathite, trenehfoo!, immersion’ Fost,
wand chilblaine,
Cormice—An overhanging formation of snow,
aly formed ons mouniaia ridge, at the
Craek—A faaure oF creviee im x rock or ioe
formation,
Grennsie—A deep etack ve Siaure in the ice of
a lacie.
Cuelevic storme—A storm system of winds,
often violent, with abundant precipitation
fand a usual Gamerer of 60 10 14.000 km,
wz
(50 to 900 miles). Tk ix churactorioed by
winds rotting about m eice center a low
fstmesphorie pressures, often at peas a
igh as 80 to 120 Its, These storms are
called nusricanes Sa the West Indies, The
‘winds rotate clockwise im Oe Southern
Hremiaphere and counter-slockwize in the
Northern Hviaphere,
Diopavat bagt.=Hensy_ waterproof bagn into
heh peraonrel defecate -veed because it
rometimes irapeactical to prepare pit la
frines In swampy oF frosen ground.
Dey snow tone—Zone on ioeeap where maxi-
mum tomperalures are a0; igh enough to
euuse meting,
Btying a place or bold a ski at a different
‘wrele than het of tho smppecting anew.
Full Fine The ieslvaey Te eannirg directly
iden a slope th teladony to the akfar. The
ine of gravity pull or of straight doaecnt
Fast iee—All Lyyes uf See, woken of unbroken,
‘Alached to Ue sore, beached, wteanded, 0
attached to the bottom in ahoal water,
Feecseup—Veriods dering which the round
‘Surface freeze aud ike cover forma on
strexmx ane Jakes, This period verien from
} t 3 moatha dependiog on reginnal and
local climatic cenditione. Mairtacning s0-
bility dosing this period beeames cxsice ne
the period. progresses.
Frostbiee—A cold injury eaused by freezing
cf the bady tieses
‘Frost boft—Aecumulation of exeess water aad
thawing. Teuaally weakens the aurtace andl
ay bresk through, eausing a qussaire
Frostline—[See froat table)
Froet meund—A localized uplift of land sur-
ace caused by frost heaving or by ground
‘water pressure, Also called. earth Froud,
‘earth huenmock, pale, pinen, or pingok
Fragh febls—More or leaa irregular sartace
‘hat reprerents the depth of Genetation of
tho sinter frost tn fhe seesonul freaea
sround. It muy or muy nol coincide with the
permafrost table.
‘vel tnbiete—Concentrated chemied) fuel die.
‘enaed in tablet form. for heating rations, of
Burling wood fret
Hypothermia —General towering af body tem-
perature due to lore of hent at & vate faster
than the bedy can produce it.
Heeerte—a mixture of wand, gravel, and ws
‘ter poured inco forma and frenen, The proc
xs is much the same at making stnerete
‘except Shas feo Cinalaad of coment) forms
‘the bonding materi},
toe fog—A foe of suspended ice erystals unu-
vapor iste elour, calm air of low tempers:
fare {37 F. or lower), le fog is are st
temperatnten above —37° B, and almoat a
‘ware present al temperatures below BO?
F. Tee fog may form over a body of troops,
end of animals, bivenae avens, rotor peeks,
‘eonvors, and sun perilions duriog fring
Imrersion foot An injury raxorbling Mrenck-
foot caused by prolenged immersion of the
extremities in wator (generally from 74° to
88°F,
Layer principle—Autaining aiditionst "nana
ton hy trapping dead air in the space(s)
Dutreen successive layers ef clothing. Two
€r more tleknemes of elthing, with inter
ering airspace, previde groater inselation
than the same thickness of clothing of the
fame materiu} in a single layzr
Musheg—Pooriv-érsined — organle _verrain
whieh is characleristic nf the subarctic, eot-
red with a thie, resllleat curpet of water-
sodden mossea and cuesocks, end underlait
now, and often permatront
Pack igr—-Any large accuroulation of flosting
‘ce ativan cleaely together,
Poliug—A pushing mosement of erms and
‘nody with the ak1 poten egainet the anoo to
Increase momentum in the pli. Slogte pol-
ing 14 referred to when each pote ls used
alternately to obiain this propulsion. Dove
Die poling is the use of both poles at the
same time,
Sastruge—Zastruge (Rossisn)—One of & 2°-
ies of Jong perallel mow ridges occurring.
sn the open pleins and formed hy the action
of wind
Snow anvitsee Sastruge
Snow Inidge—The snomuss that somtetimen
eavere the surfiee openinis of crevaer,
‘Tractor sled train (for overmete monrneent>
=A train umnally composed of cary sleds
and towed by track lying: vehicles,
Trepiine—The upper limit of tree growth in
Tmenetainens regione of the northern limit
of tree grosith Tu the Arabic,
Trenohfoot—A thermal Injucy cesulting from
expaauee 19 coH, short of freesing, ina damm
fr wel environment
‘Tonéra—A fiat ov gently rolling area with a
mck to vock gurfare over permafrest and
consisting of a low mat of geanace, ahrube,
fuel other plants, This grea Ss ound above
tre rth of ine tree
Whiteout—A condition of vlafbilley which
existe when an overeest sky preventa vhad-
ows and snow-covered terrain reileta light
ft about the same intensity ax the aky cour
ing the horizon to be inditinguiahable and
the recogaition of irregulariciea in teresin
very dificult. Only very dark chjeets ean be
seen, Fog will sometimes create = nimilar
conditien,
Wilwnm—A madden violent ard oold dow
slope sind, which is commou slong moun
fades. A siliwaw may lant several days
