Table Of ContentGlobal Shipping in Small Nations
Editorial and selection matter (I Stig Tenold, Martin jes Ivetsen and Even lomgl:' 2012
Indi ... idual chapt!fs C Contributors 2012
Son(over reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2012 978-0-23()'Z945-4-7
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Contents
List of Tables vi
List of Figures viii
Preface and Acknowledgements x
Notes on Contributors xii
1 Global Shipping in Small Nations: Nordic
Experiences after 1960 1
Stig Tenold, Martin les Iversen and Even Lange
2 Boom, Crisis and Internationalized Revitalization:
Norwegian Shipping 26
Stig Tenold
3 'Knowing the Ropes': Capability Reconfiguration
and Restructuring of the Danish Shipping Industry 61
Henrik Somn-Friese, Rene Taudal Poulsen and
Martin les Iversen
4 The Two Declines of Swedish Shipping 100
Rene Taudal Poulsen, Hans Sjogren and
Thomas Taro Lennerfors
5 Finnish Shipping - A Nordic Exception? 129
lad Ojala and Yrjo Kaukiainen
6 Nordic Shipping: A Statistical Overview 156
Espen Ekberg
7 A Future for Nordic Shipping? 202
Victor D. Norman
Bibliography 215
Index 229
v
Tables
1.1 Nordic shipping's share of world tonnage, 1960-2008 3
2.1 Dominant trends in demand, supply,
policies and strategies, 1960-2008 28
2.2 Annual growth and decline of oil transport
demand, 1962-2008 29
2.3 Growth of dry, bulk transport demand, 1962-2008 30
2.4 The playing field - driving forces and challenges 31
2.5 An overview of Norwegian shipping taxation 36
2.6 Norwegian participation in various sub-segments, 1977 43
2.7 Three categories of owners in 1960 and their
survival rates to 1973 and 1987 47
2.8 Norway's largest shipping companies, 1960-2008 52
3.1 Top ten largest Danish shipping companies, 1960-2008 63
3.2 Shipping pools with Danish management 86
3.3 Strategic change and capability reconfiguration by the
leading Danish shipping companies 94
4.1 Sweden's ten largest shipping companies, 1960-2010 114
5.1 Finnish-owned tonnage, 1960-2005 131
5.2 Share of different ship types in the Finnish fleet,
based on tonnage, 1960-2008 137
5.3 Share of different ship types in the Finnish fleet,
based on the number of ships, 1960-2008 137
5.4 Different ship types' share of total labour costs 142
5.S Finland's seven largest shipping companies, 1965,
1980 and 2003 150
5.6 Finnish shipping in 1960-2010, major determinants 154
6.1 Tonnage development of Nordic shipping, 1960-2008 159
6.2 Average annualized growth rate of Nordic shipping
tonnage, 1960-2008 159
6.3 Nordic shipping's share of world tonnage, 1960-2008 160
6.4 Development in the composition of the Nordic fleet 164
6.5 Development in Nordic share of world fleet in
some segments 166
6.6 Development in the composition of the Nordic
fleet and world fleet 168
vi
List of Tables vii
6.7 Development in the composition of the Danish fleet 170
6.8 Development in Danish share of world fleet and
some segments 173
6.9 Control of world tonnage in 2009 173
6.10 Development in the composition of the Finnish fleet 175
6.11 Development in Finnish share of world fleet and
some segments 178
6.12 Development in the composition of the Norwegian fleet 180
6.13 Development in Norwegian share of world fleet and
some segments 184
6.14 Development in the composition of the Swedish fleet 187
6.15 Development in Swedish share of world fleet and
some segments 190
Figures
1.1 World merchant fleet and average
size of vessels, 1960-2007 9
2.1 Norwegian-registered fleet, million grt and
number, 1960-2007 34
2.2 Norwegian shipping companies, ranked by
number of ships, 1960 46
2.3 Percentage of companies disappearing by year, 1970-87 50
3.1 Average age of tonnage in the Danish and world fleet,
1946-2010 68
3.2 Danish newbuilding programme compared to
existing Danish fleet, 1960-2011 69
3.3 Total annual revenues of Maersk and EAC, 1974-86 74
4.1 Relationship between economic, structural,
policy and organizational conditions 102
4.2 Swedish-registered fleet, GT in 'OOOs and number
of vessels, 1960-2009 112
4.3 Swedish fleet under Swedish and foreign
flags, 1991-2010 117
4.4 Relationships between spatial and economic,
structural, policy and organizational conditions,
with illustration of explanatory factors 126
5.1 Share of domestic (Finnish-flag) tonnage used in
Finland's seaborne import and export trade,
five-year averages, 1956-2005 134
5.2 Tonnage and GDP indices, Finland, 1960-2009 144
6.1 Composition of the Nordic fleet in 2008 ('000 gt) 163
6.2 Composition of the Nordic fleet in 2008 ('000 cgt) 165
6.3 Nordic share of the world fleet and some
segments in 2008 166
6.4 Composition of the Danish fleet in 2008 ('000 gt) 169
6.5 Composition of the Danish fleet in 2008 ('000 cgt) 171
6.6 Danish shares of world fleet and some segments in 2008 172
6.7 Composition of the Finnish fleet in 2008 ('000 gt) 175
6.8 Composition of the Finnish fleet in 2008 ('000 cgt) 177
6.9 Finnish shares of world fleet and some segments in 2008 177
viii
List ofF igures ix
6.10 Composition of the Norwegian fleet in 2008 ('000 gt) 179
6.11 Composition of the Norwegian fleet in 2008 ('000 cgt) 181
6.12 Composition of the Norwegian fleet in 2006, by value 182
6.13 Norwegian shares of world fleet and some
segments in 2008 183
6.14 Composition of the Swedish fleet in 2008 186
6.15 Composition of the Swedish fleet in 2008 188
6.16 Swedish shares of world fleet and some
segments in 2008 189
6.17 Number of shipowning firms in
Nordic shipping, 1960-2008 191
6.18 Average tonnage owned by Nordic shipowners,
1960-2008 192
7.1 The Walters argument 206
