Table Of ContentG S W
CLOHBAL ECIURNITY AATCH
RecentTitlesin
GlobalSecurityWatch
GlobalSecurityWatch—Lebanon
DavidS.Sorenson
GlobalSecurityWatch—TheCaucasusStates
HoumanA.Sadri
GlobalSecurityWatch—Kenya
DonovanC.Chau
GlobalSecurityWatch—Jordan
W.AndrewTerrill
GlobalSecurityWatch—Japan
AndrewL.OrosandYukiTatsumi
GlobalSecurityWatch—Sudan
RichardA.Lobban,Jr.
GlobalSecurityWatch—CentralAsia
ReuelR.Hanks
GlobalSecurityWatch—Pakistan
SyedFarooqHasnat
GlobalSecurityWatch—Venezuela
DanielCharlesHellinger
GlobalSecurityWatch—India
AmitGupta
GlobalSecurityWatch—Syria
FredH.Lawson
GlobalSecurityWatch—TheMaghreb:Algeria,Libya,Morocco,andTunisia
YahiaH.ZoubirandLouisaDris-A¨ıt-Hamadouche
G S W
CLOHBAL ECIURNITY AATCH
Richard Weitz
PRAEGER
AN IMPRINT OF ABC-CLIO, LLC
Santa Barbara, California • Denver, Colorado • Oxford, England
Copyright2013byRichardWeitz
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrieval
system,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,
photocopying,recording,orotherwise,exceptfortheinclusionofbriefquotationsina
review,withoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Weitz,Richard.
Globalsecuritywatch—China/RichardWeitz.
pagescm.— (Globalsecuritywatch)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978–0–313–38482–0(hardcopy:alk.paper)—ISBN978–0–313–38483–7(ebook)
1. China—Foreignrelations.2. China—Strategicaspects.3. China—Militarypolicy.4. National
security—China. I.Title.II.Title:China.
DS518.15.W45 2013
3550.033051—dc23 2013008123
ISBN:978–0–313–38482–0
EISBN:978–0–313–38483–7
17 16 15 14 13 1 2 3 4 5
ThisbookisalsoavailableontheWorldWideWebasaneBook.
Visitwww.abc-clio.comfordetails.
Praeger
AnImprintofABC-CLIO,LLC
ABC-CLIO,LLC
130CremonaDrive,P.O.Box1911
SantaBarbara,California93116-1911
Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper
ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
Contents
Preface vii
Chapter1:ChinaAscending 1
Chapter2:MilitaryPower 25
Chapter3:ChinainItsAsianNeighborhood 55
Chapter4:ChinaandtheWiderWorld 83
Chapter5:GlobalSecurityIssues 111
AppendixA:Biographies 131
AppendixB:Chronology 151
Bibliography 171
Index 189
This page intentionally left blank
Preface
The People’sRepublicof China(PRC)hasbecome,aftertheUnited States,the
world’s most important country because of its enormous population, growing
economic and military power, and newly assertive foreign policies. Whereas
duringtheColdWar,Chinawaslargelyisolatedandalienatedfromworldpoli-
tics,thePRChasbecomeamajorglobalsecurityactor.Today,nomajorsecurity
issue,inanyregion,canbedecidedwithoutconsideringBeijing’sposition.Chi-
na’s influence in Africa, Latin America, and other regions has been expanding
alongwiththePRC’spowerinAsia.Chinaisfollowingthepathofearlierrising
economic powers such as Great Britain and the United States in converting its
economicpotentialintomilitarystrength.Beijingisalsodevelopingincreasingly
powerfulmilitary tools,rangingfromnuclear weapons toinnovative cyberand
space strike weapons. Despite these growing economic and military powers,
Chinahasnotengagedinamajorwarsince1953.Westernleadersstillhopethat
China will become a responsible global stakeholder and uphold existing
internationalsecurityarrangements.
Thisvolumein the PSI Global SecurityWatch seriesreviewsthe foreignand
defense policies of China,with emphasis on developments since the 1989Tia-
nanmen Square incident. It provides a comprehensive but relatively short and
accessibletextforstudents,journalists,andpolicymakerseagertobetterunder-
standtheimplicationsofChina’sascendingtrajectory.Thebiographies,chronol-
ogy,andcoredocumentsintheappendicesalsomakethebookahandyreference
tothegeneralreaderaswellasacademicaudiences.
The first chapter describes China’s main foreign-policy goals and decision
makers. China’s economy has been experiencing tremendous growth in recent
years but must now transform to escape the “middle-income trap” that has
ensnarledsomanyotherdevelopingstateswhose growthplateausaftertheycan
viii Preface
nolongerachieveeasygainsfromaddinglow-costlaborinputstoproduction.In
addition,China’sauthoritarianpoliticalsystemstrugglestofindlegitimacyinan
eraofdemocraticchange.ChaptertwoassessesChina’smilitarypower.ThePeo-
ple’sLiberationArmyhasbecomemoreprofessionalandcapableduringthepast
decade, but it lacks major power projection capabilities such as aircraft carrier
fleetsandlong-rangebombers.Tocompensate,Chinesestrategistsaredeveloping
innovative asymmetric tactics and capabilities, especially in the cyberdomain.
The third chapter surveys China’s foreign policy toward key East, South, and
CentralAsiancountriesaswellasTaiwanandRussia.ChapterfourreviewsChi-
na’s policies toward the United States, Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa, and South
America.
I would like to thank my colleagues for the numerous insights they have
offeredontheissuesaddressedinthisbook.MichaelAikenandAndrewHaggard
were especiallyhelpfulin helpingme preparethe manuscript forpublication. I
wish to thank the Carnegie Corporation, the Smith-Richardson Foundation,
the MacArthur Foundation, and other institutions for supporting my research
on Chinese foreign and defense policy over the years. Although listing all the
China-relateddiscussionsandbriefingsIhaveparticipatedinduringrecentyears
wouldbeimpossible,specialthanksgoestotheexpertsattheHudsonInstitute,
the World Politics Review, the Diplomat, and the Second Line of Defense for
commentingonvarious ideascontainedinthis volume onatopicasimportant
asChina’sevolvingglobalsecurityrole.
