Table Of ContentGlobal Politics of
Defense Reform
Initiatives in Strategic Studies: Issues and Policies
James J. Wirtz
General Editor
Jeffrey A. Larsen
T. V. Paul
Brad Roberts
James M. Smith
Series Editors
INITIATIVES IN STRATEGIC STUDIES provides a bridge between the use of force or diplo-
macy and the achievement of political objectives. This series focuses on the topical and
timeless issues relating to strategy, including the nexus of political, diplomatic, psycho-
logical, economic, cultural, historic and military affairs. It provides a link between the
scholarly and policy communities by serving as the recognized forum for conceptually
sophisticated analyses of timely and important strategic issues.
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Policy Options in the New Century
Edited by James A. Russell
The Last Battle of the Cold War: The Deployment and Negotiated Elimination of
Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces in Europe
Maynard W. Glitman
Critical Issues Facing the Middle East: Security, Politics and Economics
Edited by James A. Russell
Militarization and War
Julian Schofield
Global Politics of Defense Reform
Edited by Thomas Bruneau and Harold Trinkunas
Global Politics of
Defense Reform
Edited by
Thomas Bruneau
and
Harold Trinkunas
GLOBAL POLITICS OF DEFENSE REFORM
Copyright © Thomas Bruneau and Harold Trinkunas, 2008.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2008 978-0-230-60444-5
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First published in 2008 by
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ISBN 978-1-349-37207-2 ISBN 978-0-230-61105-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230611054
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Global politics of defense reform / edited by Thomas Bruneau and
Harold Trinkunas.
p. cm.—(Initiatives in strategic studies: issues and policies series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0–230–60444–7
1. Civil-military relations. 2. Armed Forces—Reorganization.
3. National security—International cooperation. I. Bruneau, Thomas C.
II. Trinkunas, Harold A.
JF195.G56 2008
3229.5—dc22 2007027020
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India.
First edition: March 2008
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
Acknowledgments vii
About the Contributors ix
Part I Global Trends: Implications
for Defense Reform
1 Global Trends and Their Impact on
Civil-Military Relations 3
Thomas Bruneau and Harold Trinkunas
2 Globalization and the Impact of Norms on
Defense Restructuring 21
Anne Clunan
3 International Democracy Promotion and
Its Impact on Civil-Military Relations 49
Thomas Bruneau and Harold Trinkunas
4 Changing International Threat Perceptions 69
James Wirtz
Part II Case Studies and Conclusion
5 Democratic Consolidation in Chilean
Civil-Military Relations: 1990–2005 95
Marcos Robledo
6 Preserving Autonomy in Conflict: Civil-Military
Relations in Colombia 127
Douglas Porch
7 “From National, Through Regional, to Universal . . . .”:
Security and Defense Reform in Romania 155
Liviu Muresan and Marian Zulean
vi Contents
8 Global Determinants of Defense Restructuring:
The Case of the United States 177
Jim Schweiter and Kim Wincup
9 India: Imbalance under Civilian Control 201
Rajesh Basrur
10 Defense Reforms, Civil-Military Relations,
and the Defense of Taiwan 223
Toshi Yoshihara
11 Democratization and the Challenge of
Defense Reform in Indonesia 251
Michael Malley
12 The Challenge to Reform Defense 271
David Pion-Berlin
Index 285
Acknowledgments
T
his volume would not have been possible without the support of
the Center for Civil-Military Relations in Monterey, California. By
sponsoring the initial conference in September 2005, the Center has
provided the environment and resources needed to sustain this proj-
ect through to its conclusion, and this would not have been possible
without the support of its director, Richard Hoffman. We would also
like to acknowledge the constant effort of our copyeditor, Elizabeth
Skinner, who worked diligently to ensure that our contributors’ efforts
and thoughts were presented as clearly as possible. We would also like
to thank Cristiana Matei for her research assistance on international
democracy support programs that is found in chapter 3. Finally, we
would both like to thank our families for their support.
About the Contributors
Rajesh Basrur is Visiting Research Fellow at the S. Rajaratnam
School of International Studies at Nanyang Technological University,
Singapore. He also directs the Centre for Global Studies in Mumbai,
India. His publications include Minimum Deterrence and India’s
Nuclear Security (Stanford University Press, 2006) and South Asia’s
Cold War (Routledge, forthcoming).
Thomas Bruneau is Distinguished Professor of National Security
Affairs at the Naval Postgraduate School. He received his Ph.D. in
Political Science from the University of California, Berkeley. He
recently coedited Who Guards the Guardians and How (University of
Texas Press, 2006) and Reforming Intelligence: Obstacles to Democratic
Control and Effectiveness (University of Texas Press, 2007).
Anne Clunan is an Assistant Professor of National Security Affairs at
the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. She received
her Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of California,
Berkeley. She has recently authored articles on terrorism financing
and coedited a volume on biological weapons attribution.
Michael Malley is assistant professor of comparative politics in the
Department of National Security Affairs at the Naval Postgraduate
School in Monterey, California. Dr. Malley’s research is focused on
issues of state formation, state failure and survival, and regime change
in Southeast Asia. He has particular expertise in the area of center-
local relations, decentralization policy, and provincial politics and
political economy in Indonesia. He earned his doctorate in political
science at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Liviu Muresan is the founder and the Executive President of the
EURISC Foundation—European Institute for Risk, Security and
Communication Management (1995). He is an Associate Professor
with the Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest where he got
