Global Democracy: For and Against. Ethical Theory, Institutional Design, and Social Struggles (Democratization Studies)

225 Pages·2008·0.83 MB·English

by  Raffaele Marchetti

Global Democracy:
For and Against
The book defends the case for the expansion of the democratic model to the
global political sphere. Concentrating on the participatory deficit of interna-
tional affairs, it examines the nexus between the phenomenon of interna-
tional exclusion and the political response of global democracy.
This distinctive position is developed through a critical survey of the prin-
cipal theories for and against global democracy. The main rival narratives
(realism, nationalism, civilizationism, and liberal internationalism) are
rebutted on grounds of failing democratic principles of inclusion. Based on a
notion of interaction-dependent justice, these theories arguably provide a
crucial ideological support to the exclusionary attitude of the current inter-
national system. Going against these exclusionary paradigms, the book
defends a model of cosmo-federalism that is all-inclusive, multilayered, and
rooted.
The text adopts an interdisciplinary perspective that combines three areas
of scholarship: international political theory, international relations, and
political sociology. Within them, a number of contemporary controversies
are analyzed, including the ethical dispute on global justice, the institutional
debate on supranationalism, and the political discussion on social emancipa-
tory struggles. From such an interdisciplinary perspective is derived an
engaged text that will be of interest to students and researchers concerned
with the key political aspects of the discussion on globalization and demo-
cratic global order.
Raffaele Marchetti is a lecturer in international relations at LUISS Guido
Carli University, Italy.
Democratization Studies
(Formerly Democratization Studies, Frank Cass)
Series Editors: Peter Burnell and Peter Calvert
Democratization Studies combines theoretical and comparative studies with detailed
analyses of issues central to democratic progress and its performance, all over the
world.
The books in this series aim to encourage debate on the many aspects of democratiza-
tion that are of interest to policy-makers, administrators and journalists, aid and
development personnel, as well as to all those involved in education.
1. Democratization and the Media
Edited by Vicky Randall
2. The Resilience of Democracy
Presistent practice, durable idea
Edited by Peter Burnell and Peter Calvert
3. The Internet, Democracy and Democratization
Edited by Peter Ferdinand
4. Party Development and Democratic Change in Post-communist Europe
Edited by Paul Lewis
5. Democracy Assistance
International co-operation for democratization
Edited by Peter Burnell
6. Opposition and Democracy in South Africa
Edited by Roger Southall
7. The European Union and Democracy Promotion
The case of North Africa
Edited by Richard Gillespie and Richard Youngs
8. Democratization and the Judiciary
Edited by Siri Gloppen, Roberto Gargarella and Elin Skaar
9. Civil Society in Democratization
Edited by Peter Burnell and Peter Calvert
10. The Internet and politics
Citizens, voters and acrivists
Edited by Sarah Oates, Diana Owen and Rachel Gibson
11. Democratization in the Muslim World
Changing Patterns of Authority and Power
Edited by Frederic Volpi and Francesco Cavatorta
12. Global Democracy: For and Against
Ethnical theory, institutional design and social struggles
Raffaele Marchetti
Global Democracy:
For and Against
Ethical theory, institutional design,
and social struggles
Raffaele Marchetti
First published 2008
by Routledge
2 Park Square Milton Park Abingdon Oxon OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library,2008.
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© 2008 Raffaele Marchetti
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or
other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying
and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system,
without permission in writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available
from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Marchetti, Raffaele.
Global democracy—for and against: ethical theory, institutional
design and social struggles / Raffaele, Marchetti.
p. cm.—(Democratization studies; 12)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Democracy. 2. Globalization. 3. Civil Society. I. Title.
JC423.M3558 2008
341.2 1–dc22
2007042184
ISBN 0-203-92880-6 Mastere-bookISBN
ISBN 10: 0–415–43719–9 (hbk)
ISBN 10: 0–203–92880–6 (ebk)
ISBN 13: 978–0–415–43719–6 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978–0–203–92880–6 (ebk)
For Carlo and Graziella,
who made all of this possible

Contents
List of tables x
Acknowledgments xi
PART I
Globalization and the democratic deficit 1
Introduction: pushing democracy beyond borders 1
1 Democracy and transnational exclusion 9
Democracy: citizenship, participation, and institutions 11
Failing democracy: transnational exclusion 16
Normative exclusion: interaction-dependent justice 21
Institutional exclusion: from Westphalia to global
governance 23
The political debate on globalization 26
Conclusions 30
PART II
For global democracy 33
2 Ethical theory for global democracy: all-inclusive
cosmopolitanism 35
Consequentialist cosmopolitanism: definitions 36
Epistemological foundations: limits on interpersonal
comparability 37
Normative foundations: well-being as freedom of choice 39
Alternative theories of cosmopolitan justice 44
Consequentialist global justice 52
An all-inclusive global system 55
Conclusions 57
viii Contents
3 Institutional design for global democracy: multilayered
cosmopolitanism 63
Consequentialist democracy: procedural participation
from a global perspective 64
International responsibility 68
Cosmopolitan political agency 73
Drawing jurisdictional boundaries: an all-inclusive
method 78
Alternative methods for drawing jurisdictional
boundaries 82
A multilayered global system 87
Conclusions 88
4 Social struggles for global democracy: rooted and
subaltern cosmopolitanism 92
Criticizing cosmopolitan rootlessness (I): the cosmopolitan
Jew 93
Criticizing cosmopolitan rootlessness (II): the football fan 96
Subaltern, thick, and rooted cosmopolitanism 100
Rooted political principles 103
Challenging alternative political objectives and strategies 106
A complex, bidirectional global system 109
Conclusions 109
PART III
Against global democracy 113
5 Political communities 115
Interaction-dependent contextualist theories 116
Realism 117
Nationalism 122
Civilizationism 126
Conclusions 129
6 Liberal internationalism 131
Interaction-dependent universalist theories 132
Democratic peace 135
Cosmopolitan governance 139
Conclusions 142
Contents ix
PART IV
Global democracy restated 147
7 Cosmo-federalism 149
Reforming international organizations 150
Principles of cosmo-federalism 153
Objections to cosmo-federalism 155
Cosmo-federalism as an institutional framework 161
Cosmo-federalism as a social process 164
Conclusions 167
8 Conclusions 170
Bibliography 175
Index 206