Glial Neurobiology

232 Pages·2007·8.13 MB·English

by  Alexei Verkhratsky

Glial Neurobiology
A Textbook
Alexei Verkhratsky
University of Manchester
Arthur Butt
University of Portsmouth

Glial Neurobiology

Glial Neurobiology
A Textbook
Alexei Verkhratsky
University of Manchester
Arthur Butt
University of Portsmouth
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Verkhratskii,A.N.(AlekseiNestorovich)
Glialneurobiology:atextbook/AlexeiVerkhratsky,ArthurButt.
p. ; cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-0-470-01564-3(cloth:alk.paper)
1. Neuroglia. I. Butt,Arthur. II.Title.
[DNLM:1.Neuroglia.WL102V519g2007]
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611(cid:2).0188—dc22 2007015819
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Contents
Preface xi
List of abbreviations xiii
PART I Physiology of Glia 1
1 Introduction to Glia 3
1.1 Foundersofglialresearch:fromGabrielValentintoKarl-LudwigSchleich 3
1.2 Beginningofthemodernera 11
1.3 Changingconcepts:Gliaexpressmoleculesofexcitation 11
1.4 Gliaandneuronesindialogue 12
2 General Overview of Signalling in the Nervous System 13
2.1 Intercellularsignalling:Wiringandvolumemodesoftransmission 13
2.2 Intracellularsignalling 17
3 Morphology of Glial Cells 21
3.1 Astrocytes 21
3.2 Oligodendrocytes 24
3.3 NG2expressingglia 26
3.4 Schwanncells 27
3.5 Microglia 28
4 Glial Development 29
4.1 Phylogenyofgliaandevolutionaryspecificityofglialcellsinhumanbrain 29
4.2 Macroglialcells 32
4.3 Astroglialcellsarebrainstemcells 35
4.4 Schwanncelllineage 36
4.5 Microglialcelllineage 37
5 General Physiology of Glial Cells 39
5.1 Membranepotentialandiondistribution 39
5.2 Ionchannels 39
5.3 Receptorstoneurotransmittersandneuromodulators 42
5.4 Glialsyncytium–gapjunctions 58