Getting Started with Kudu: Perform Fast Analytics on Fast Data

193 Pages·2018·6.76 MB·English

by  Jean-Marc Spaggiari

Getting Started with Kudu
Perform Fast Analytics on Fast Data
Jean-Marc Spaggiari, Mladen Kovacevic, Brock
Noland, and Ryan Bosshart
Getting Started with Kudu
by Jean-Marc Spaggiari, Mladen Kovacevic, Brock Noland, and Ryan Bosshart
Copyright ©2018 Jean-Marc Spaggiari, Mladen Kovacevic, Brock Noland, Ryan
Bosshart. All rights reserved.
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978-1-49198025-5
[LSI]
Dedication
To all those data people who day-in and day-out lead hair-pulling, brain-teasing,
late-night lives architecting, developing, or consulting on software that appears
to have gone rogue and deliberately misbehaves.
To our families, who may not even care about technology, yet still allowed us to
give up time and energy to dedicate to this project with an enormous amount of
patience and support, without which none of this was possible. We love you!
Preface
Choosing a storage engine is one of the most important decisions anyone
embarking on a big data project makes and is one of the most expensive to
change. Apache Kudu is an entirely new storage manager for the Hadoop
ecosystem. Its flexibility makes applications faster to build and easier to
maintain. As a Hadoop developer, Kudu is a critical skill in your big data
toolbox. It addresses common problems in big data that are difficult or
impossible to implement on current generation Hadoop storage technologies.
In this book, you will learn key concepts of Kudu’s design and how to architect
applications against it, resulting in Kudu applications that are fast, scalable, and
reliable. Through hands-on examples, you will learn how Kudu integrates with
other Hadoop ecosystem components like Apache Spark, SparkSQL, and
Impala.
This book assumes some limited experience with Hadoop ecosystem
components like HDFS, Hive, Spark, or Impala. Basic programming experience
using Java and/or Scala, experience with SQL and traditional RDBMS systems,
and familiarity with the Linux shell is also assumed.
Conventions Used in This Book
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank the people of the Apache Kudu community for their
help. This includes the creators, committers, contributors, early adopters, and
users of Apache Kudu. Thank you to our technical reviewers David Yahalom,
Andy Stadtler, and Attila Bukor for their careful attention to detail and feedback.
Thank you to the unofficial technical reviewers as well, including Nipun
Parasrampuria, Mac Noland, Sandish Kumar, Tony Foerster, Mike Rasmussen,
Jordan Birdsell, and Gunaranjan Sundararajan.
Ryan Bosshart and Brock Noland would like to thank their colleagues at phData
and Cloudera for their support and input in this book.
Mladen Kovacevic would like to thank his Cloudera colleagues who include
solutions architects, engineers, support, product management, and others for the
enthusiasm and support. Mladen is likewise grateful to his family for their
patience, support, and encouragement while writing—it could not have been
done without them!
Jean-Marc Spaggiari would like to thank everyone who supported him over this
experience.
Chapter 1. Why Kudu?
Why Does Kudu Matter?
As big data platforms continue to innovate and evolve, whether on-premises or
in the cloud, it’s no surprise that many are feeling some fatigue at the pace of
new open source big data project releases. After working with Kudu for the past
year with large companies and real-world use cases, we’re more convinced than
ever that Kudu matters and that it’s very much worthwhile to add yet another
project to the open source big data world.
Our reasoning boils down to three essential points:
1. Big data is still too difficult—as the audience and appetite for data
grows, Hadoop and big data platforms are still too difficult, and much
of this complexity is driven from limitations in storage. At our office,
long-winded architecture discussions are now being cut short with the
common refrain, “Just use Kudu and be done with it.”
2. New use cases need Kudu—the use cases Hadoop is being called upon
to serve are changing—this includes an increasing focus on machine-
generated data and realtime analytics. To demonstrate this complexity,
we walk through some architectures for realtime analytics using
existing big data storage technologies and discuss how Kudu simplifies
these architectures.
3. The hardware landscape is changing—many of the fundamental
assumptions about hardware upon which Hadoop was built are
changing. There are fresh opportunities to create a storage manager with
improved performance and workload flexibility.
In this chapter we discuss the aforementioned motivations in detail. If you’re
already familiar with the motivation for Kudu, you can skip to the latter part of
this chapter where we discuss some of Kudu’s goals and how Kudu compares to
other big data storage systems. We finish up by summarizing why the world
needs another big data storage system.