Table Of ContentGenus Vol. 9 (3): 375-385 Wroc‡aw, 30 IX 1998
Echoma anaglypta (B , 1862) and E. anaglyptoides n. sp.
OHEMAN
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)
LECH BOROWIEC
Zoological Institute, Wroc‡aw University, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wroc‡aw, Poland, e-mail:
[email protected]
ABSTRACT. Echoma anaglypta (BOHEMAN, 1862) is redescribed, and a closely
ralated species E. anaglyptoides n. sp. is described from Colombia and French Guyana.
A key to the members of the nominotypical subgenus and catalogue of all species are
given. Seven new combinations are proposed.
Key words: entomology, taxonomy, new species, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae,
Cassidinae, Echoma, key, South America.
The genus Echoma CHEVROLAT in DEJEAN, 1837 (= Omoplata HOPE, 1840)
comprises 11 species divided into two subgenera. Members of the nominotypical
subgenus are distributed mostly in northwestern part of South America, four
species occur in Central America, the only member of the subgenus Pseudomoplata
SPAETH, 1952 is known only from northern Argentina. BOHEMAN (1862) described
Omoplata anaglypta from Colombia. The species has remained unrecognized for
many years. I have examined several specimens named (cid:147)anaglypta(cid:148) by F. SPAETH
in his collection preserved at the Manchester Museum and in my collection, I saw
also redescription of (cid:147)anaglypta(cid:148) in SPAETH(cid:146)s unpublished key to the world
Cassidinae. Based on SPAETH(cid:146)s interpretation of this species I recorded E. ana-
glypta from French Guyana (BOROWIEC 1996). During my stay at the Paris
Museum I found holotype of E. anaglypta (BOHEMAN) and it is not conspecific
with E. anaglypta sensu SPAETH. Recently WINDSOR et al. (1995) have provided
interesting biological data for species observed in Panama and named by E. RILEY
376 LECH BOROWIEC
as Echoma sp. nr. bonfilsi. Based on photograph included in the paper it is
conspecific with what SPAETH named E. anaglypta. Below I describe this species
under the name Echoma anaglyptoides n. sp. and redescribe E. anaglypta
(BOHEMAN) based on holotype and a single specimen from my collection. Key to
the species of the nominotypical subgenus and catalogue of all species are given.
Echoma anaglyptoides n. sp.
ETYMOLOGY
Named after its external similarity to E. anaglypta (BOH.).
DIAGNOSIS
Like E. signata (PANZ.) it has anterior half of elytron mostly rusty-yellow to
yellowish-red with numerous black spots. In E. signata the pale groundcolor is
paler than in E. anaglyptoides, white-yellow. Metallic tint of dark parts of elytra
and pronotum is more distinct in anaglyptoides than in signata. Sides of prono-
tum in anaglyptoides are almost parallel in basal half, then distinctly converging
anterad, thus each side forms a blunt angle, while in signata sides are more
regularly rounded from base to anterior margin, with no distinct angle. A rare
form of E. bonfilsi from Ecuador with maculate pale parts of elytra is similar to
E. anaglyptoides, but spots are less numerous, at most 15 (at least 18 in
anaglyptoides), smaller and with vanishing broders (well delimited in
anaglyptoides). E. anaglypta distinctly differs from the new species in whole
elytral disc with red groundcolour (in anaglyptoides at least apical 1/3 of disc is
metallic).
DESCRIPTION
Length: male 10.8-11.6 mm, female 10.2-11.2 mm, width: male 11.0-11.7
mm, female 9.6-9.9 mm, length of pronotum: male 3.3 mm, female 2.9-3.2 mm,
width of pronotum: male 5.3-5.8 mm, female 5.0-5.6 mm, length/width ratio:
male 0.98-0.99, female 1.06-1.15, width/length ratio of pronotum: male 1.61-
1.76, female 1.71-1.75.
Pronotum black with distinct green metallic tint, anterior corners narrowly
yellow. Scutellum black. Elytra in anterior part rusty-yellow to yellow-red, in
posterior 1/3-1/2 length black with green metallic tint. Pale part of disc and of
explanate margin with numerous (18-30 on each elytron) black spots of various
size. Spots along suture connected with black sutural margin, suture looks like a
zipper. Margin of pale spot narrowly black, in two female specimen more broadly
black and explanate margin has only large, pale (cid:147)window(cid:148). Ventrites brown to
black, usually only last abdominal sternite on each side with small reddish spot,
sometimes three last sternites with spots. Legs from reddish brown to black.
Antennae black, sometimes ventral side of segments 2-4 reddish.
377
ECHOMA ANAGLYPTA AND E. ANAGLYPTOIDES N. SP.
Pronotum almost rectangular, sides in basal half almost parallel, then dis-
tinctly converging anterad, with obtuse but distinct angle, anterior emargination
deep. Disc slightly depressed, dull, with very fine, sparse pricks, sometimes
impunctate. Explanate margin indistinctly bordered from disc, with shallow
impression, dull, impunctate. Scutellum small, but larger than in E. anaglypta.
Base of elytra very broad, humeri in male extremely, in female moderately
produced anterad, in male angulate, in female obtusely angulate to rounded,
anterior margin in male with distinct humeral emargination. Disc regularly
1 2
3 4 5
1-4. Echoma anaglyptoides, 5. E. anaglypta: 1, 3 - body outline and elytral pattern (1 - male, 3 - female),
2 - body in profile, 4-5 - antenna
378 LECH BOROWIEC
convex, puncturation on pale parts of elytra medium-sized, slightly finer and
sparser than in E. anaglypta, distance between punctures usually twice wider than
puncture diameter, on dark parts of disc puncturation extremely fine and sparse
or obsolete. Explanate margin declivous, on pale parts as coarsely and densely
punctate as disc, on dark parts puncturation obsolete. Ventrites with no diagnos-
tic characters. Length ratio of antennal segments: 100: 52:91:100:96:83:80:78:
80:95:143(male)117(female).
BIOLOGY
WINDORS et al. (1995) observed males competing for mates and copulating
while females oviposited within fresh inflorescences of Mikania guaco H.&B.
(Asteraceae). Adults and all larval instars fed exclusively upon opened florets of
this plant, and developmental period is shorter than in several leaf feeding species
of the tribe Stolaini.
TYPES
Holotype male: (cid:147)Colombia, Bogota(cid:148) (cid:147)anaglypta SPAETH det(cid:148); paratype male:
(cid:147)Colombia S. Amer.(cid:148); three paratypes female: (cid:147)Colombia PEHLKE(cid:148) (cid:147)(cid:148)Anaglypta
SPAETH det.(cid:148); (cid:147)Colombia(cid:148) (cid:147)signata SPAETH det.(cid:148); (cid:147)French Guyana, Bas Maroni(cid:148)
(all preserved at the Department of Systematic Zoology and Zoogeography,
University of Wroc‡aw, Poland).
Echoma anaglypta (BOHEMAN, 1862)
DIAGNOSIS
It is well distinct in its elytral disc and explanate margin almost completely
red with black maculation. Only E. clypeata (PANZ.) and E. distincta (BOH.) have
elytra mostly pale, white-yellow to yellowish-red but not maculate. E. signata
(PANZ.), E. anaglyptoides n. sp. and Ecuadorian specimens of E. bonfilsi have
pale spots of elytra maculate but in these species posterior 1/3-1/2 length of elytra
is black or metallic. No species of the genus Echoma has such a deep red
groundcolour of elytra as E. anaglypta.
DESCRIPTION
All characters for female only.
Length: 11.4 mm, width: 10.4 mm, length of pronotum: 3.2 mm, width of
pronotum: 5.6 mm, length/width ratio: 1.10, width/length ratio of pronotum:
1.75.
Pronotum black with distinct green metallic tint, anterior corners broadly
yellow. Scutellum black. Elytra red, suture and margin narrowly black. Disc of
elytron and explanate margin with numerous (50-60 on each elytron) black spots
of various size. Spots along suture connected with black sutural margin, suture
looks like a zipper. Ventrites black, only abdominal sternites on each side with
379
ECHOMA ANAGLYPTA AND E. ANAGLYPTOIDES N. SP.
small reddish spot. Legs from reddish brown to black. Antennae black, ventral
side of segments 2-4 yellowish.
6 7
6-7. Echoma anaglypta: 6 - body outline and elytral pattern, 7 - body in profile
Pronotum almost semicircular, sides regularly rounded, with no angle, ante-
rior emargination deep. Disc slightly depressed, dull, with very fine, sparse
pricks. Explanate margin indistinctly bordered frm disc, with shallow impres-
sion, dull, impunctate. Scutellum very small, smaller than in related species. Base
of elytra very broad, humeri moderately produced anterad, rounded. Disc regu-
larly convex, puncturation medium-sized, moderately dense, irregular, distance
between punctures as wide as to twice wider than puncture diameter, on slope
punctures only slightly smaller than in naterior half of disc. Explanate margin
declivous, as coarsely and densely punctate as disc. Ventrites with no diagnostic
characters. Length ratio of antennal segments: 100:65:110:110:95:75:75:72:80:
80:140.
MATERIAL EXAMINED
Holotype: (cid:147)Anaglypta Bhm Colombie Type(cid:148) (cid:147)Ex Museo Mniszeck(cid:148) (cid:147)ana-
glypta Boh.(cid:148) (Museum National d(cid:146)Histoire Naturelle, Paris).
New data: Colombia, Caqueza, Cundinamarca dept., 1 I 1940 (author(cid:146)s coll.).
380 LECH BOROWIEC
KEY TO THE SUBGENUS ECHOMA S. STR.
1.Elytral disc partly pale ............................................................................ 2.
-. Elytral disc uniformly black with metallic tint. Peru ........ E. callangana (SP.
2.Each elytron with two pale spots, first in anterior part of disc, the second in
anterior part of explanate margin, spots sometimes partly coalescent ............. 3.
-. Elytron in anterior half mostly pale, or whole elytra pale with dark margin.
................................................................................................................... 4.
3.Elytral spots partly coalescent. Pronotal sides slightly angulate. Mexico
............................................................................................. E. confluens (SP.)
-. Elytral spots not coalescent. Pronotal sides rounded, with no angulation.
Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama ............................ E. quadristillata (BOH.)
4.Elytral disc in posterior 1/3-1/2 length black or metallic ........................... 5.
-. Elytral disc completely pale, maculate or not .......................................... 10.
5.Pale part of elytra maculate ...................................................................... 6.
-. Pale part of elytra immaculate .................................................................. 8.
6.Spots of pale part of elytra large and numerous: 18-30 ............................. 7.
-. Spots of pale part of elytra very small and less numerous: 3-15; rare form
from Ecuador ...................................................................... E. bonfilsi (BOH.)
7.Pale part of elytra white-yellowish. Dark part of elytra and pronotum black
without or with indistinct metallic tint. Sides of pronotum rounded, with no
angle. Colombia, French Guyana, N Brazil ......................... E. signata (PANZ.)
-. Pale part of elytra rusty-yellow to yellowish-red. Dark part of elytra and
pronotum with distinct metallic tint. Sides of pronotum with obtuse angula-
tion. Colombia, French Guyana ................................ E. anaglyptoides n. sp.
8.At least apical 1/3 of disc dark metallic ..................................................... 9.
-. At most apical 1/4 of disc dark metallic; rare form from Peru ...................
...................................................................... E. clypeata ab. biplagiata (ER.)
9.Pale part of elytra white-yellowish. Sides of pronotum rounded, with no
angle.Male humeri more produced anterad. Ecuador, French Guyana, N
Brazil ................................................................................ E. biplagosa (BOH.)
-. Pale part of elytra rusty-yellow to yellowish-red. Sides of pronotum with
obtuse but distinct angulation. Male humeri less produced anterad. Ecuador,
Peru ..................................................................................... E. bonfilsi (BOH.)
10. Pale part of elytra immaculate, from white-yellowish to yellowish-red
.................................................................................................................. 11.
-. Pale opart of elytra maculate, red. Colombia ............... E. anaglypta (BOH.)
11. Elytra white-yellowish to rusty-yellow. Dark margin of elytra very narrow.
The commonest species, from French Guyana to Paraguay ..............................
.......................................................................................... E. clypeata (PANZ.)
-. Elytra yellowish-red. Dark margin of elytra wider, especially in posterior
half of explanate margin. Guadeloupe and Martinique ..... E. distincta (BOH.)
381
ECHOMA ANAGLYPTA AND E. ANAGLYPTOIDES N. SP.
CATALOGUE
Genus: Echoma Chevrolat, 1837
Echoma CHEVROLAT in DEJEAN, 1837: 370, 394 (type species: Cassida clypeata PANZER, 1798 =
Cassida marginata Linnaeus, 1767, designated by DUPONCHEL and CHEVROLAT in D(cid:146)ORBIGNY,
1843).
Omoplata HOPE, 1840: 158 (type species: Cassida marginata LINNAEUS, 1767, by original designa-
tion).
Pseudomoplata SPAETH in HINCKS, 1952: 344 (type species: Omoplata weyenberghi DOHRN, 1878,
by monotypy), subgenus.
Subgenus: Echoma s. str.
albiventris (Boheman, 1854) n. comb.
Omoplata albiventris Boheman, 1854: 136 (holotype probably in Paris, not recovered), 1856: 90,
1862: 225; Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3642; Wagener, 1881: 61; Champion, 1893: 160;
Spaeth, 1914 g: 55; Blackwelder, 1946: 743; Wilcox, 1975: 151.
Distr.: Mexico.
anaglypta (Boheman, 1862)
Omoplata anaglypta Boheman, 1862: 227 (holotype in Paris, examined); Gemminger and Harold,
1876: 3642; Wagener, 1881: 58; Spaeth, 1913 b: 137, 1914 g: 54; Blackwelder, 1946: 743.
Echoma anaglypta: Borowiec, 1996: 183 (misidentification).
Distr.: Colombia.
anaglyptoides n. sp.
Echoma anaglyptoides Borowiec, 1998: 376 (holotype and paratypes in coll. Dept. of Systematic
Zoology and Zoogeography, Wroc‡aw, examined).
Echoma anaglypta: Borowiec, 1996: 183.
Echoma sp. nr bonfilsi: Windsor et al., 1995: 102.
Host plant: Asteraceae: Mikania guaco (Windsor et al. 1995).
Distr.: Colombia: Bogota; French Guyana: Bas Maroni.
biplagosa (Boheman, 1854)
Omoplata biplagosa Boheman, 1854: 142 (lectotype and paralectotype in Stockholm, present
designation), 1856: 91, 1862: 226; Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3642; Wagener, 1881: 58;
Spaeth, 1913 b: 137, 1914 g: 54; Blackwelder, 1946: 743.
Echoma biplagosa: Borowiec, 1996: 183.
382 LECH BOROWIEC
Lectotype designation: Lectotype: (cid:147)Cayen(cid:148) (cid:147)Reiche(cid:148) (cid:147)Type(cid:148) (Stockholm); paralectotype: (cid:147)Cayen(cid:148)
(cid:147)Bhn(cid:148) (Stockholm).
Distr.: Brazil: ParÆ; Ecuador: Napo; French Guyana: Cayenne.
bonfilsii (Boheman, 1854)
Omoplata Bonfilsii Boheman, 1854: 141 (holotype in Stockholm, examined), 1856: 91, 1862: 226.
Omoplata Bonfilsi [sic]: Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3642; Wagener, 1881: 58; Spaeth, 1913 b:
137, 1914 g: 54, 1942 b: 28; Blackwelder, 1946: 743.
Echoma bonfilsii: Borowiec, 1996: 183.
Distr.: Ecuador: El Reventador, Guyaquil, Macas, Palmar, Tandapi; Peru.
callangana (Spaeth, 1942) n. comb.
Omoplata callangana Spaeth, 1942 b: 28 (holotype in Manchester Museum, examined).
Distr.: Peru: Callanga.
clypeata (Panzer, 1798) n. comb.
Cassida marginata Linnaeus, 1767: 578 (type unknown); Fabricius, 1775: 91, 1787: 64, 1792: 300,
1801: 400; Degeer, 1775: 185; Goeze, 1777: 207; Olivier, 1790: 385, 1808: 941 (incl. fig.);
Herbst, 1799: 325; Sch(cid:246)nherr, 1817: 222; not C. marginata Linnaeus, 1758.
Omoplata marginata: Boheman, 1854: 139, 1856: 90, 1862: 226; Gemminger and Harold, 1876:
3642 (as syn. of clypeata); Wagener, 1881: 58; Spaeth, 1914 g: 54, 1942 b: 28; Blackwelder,
1946: 743.
Echoma marginata: Windsor et al., 1995: 105; Borowiec, 1996: 183.
Cassida clypeata Panzer, 1798: f. 5 (type unknown); Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3642; Boheman,
1856: 90 (as syn. of marginata).
Omoplata clypeata: Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3642; Spaeth, 1913 b: 137.
Omoplata biplagiata Erichson, 1848: 575 (type probably in Berlin, not recovered).
Omoplata marginata ab. biplagiata: Weise, 1921: 205; Spaeth, 1942 b: 28.
Host plant: Asteraceae: Mikania stipulacea (Windsor et al., 1995).
Distr.: Bolivia: Coroico; Brazil: Bahia, Rio de Janeiro; Ecuador: Napo; French
Guyana; Guyana; Paraguay; Peru: Huallaga, Huanuco, Madre de Dios; Ukayali.
confluens (Spaeth, 1926) n. comb.
Omoplata confluens Spaeth, 1926 e: 20 (syntypes in Manchester and Warsaw, examined);
Blackwelder, 1946: 743; Wilcox, 1975: 151; WŒgrzynowicz and W„sowska, 1996: 48.
Distr.: Mexico: Chiapas.
383
ECHOMA ANAGLYPTA AND E. ANAGLYPTOIDES N. SP.
distincta (Boheman, 1854) n. comb.
Omoplata distincta Boheman, 1854: 141 (syntypes in Stockholm, examined), 1856: 91, 1862: 226;
Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3643; Wagener, 1881: 58; Spaeth, 1913 b: 137, 1914 g: 54;
Blackwelder, 1946: 743; Wilcox, 1975: 151.
Distr.: Guadeloupe and Martinique.
quadristillata (Boheman, 1862)
Omoplata quadristillata Boheman, 1862: 226 (type probably in Berlin, not recovered); Gemminger
and Harold, 1876: 3643; Wagener, 1881: 58; Champion, 1893: 160; Spaeth, 1913 b: 137,
1914 g: 54; Blackwelder, 1946: 743; Wilcox, 1975: 151; Maes and Staines, 1991: 48.
Echoma quadristillata: Windsor et al., 1992: 389; Borowiec, 1996: 183.
Distr.: Costa Rica: San Carlos; Nicaragua: Chontales; Panama.
signata (Panzer, 1798) n. comb.
Cassida signata Panzer, 1798: 78 (type unknown).
Omoplata signata: Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3643; Wagener, 1877: 53, 1881: 58; Spaeth,
1913 b: 137, 1914 g: 54; Blackwelder, 1946: 743.
Cassida irrorata Fabricius, 1801: 406 (syntype in Copenhagen, not examined); Schoenherr, 1817:
227.
Omoplata irrorata: Boheman, 1854: 143, 1856: 91, 1862: 227; Gemminger and Harold, 1876:
3643 (as syn.).
Omoplata 4-maculata Voet: Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3643 (nomen nudum).
Distr.: Colombia: FusagasugÆ, Medellin; French Guyana; N Brazil.
Subgenus: Pseudomoplata Spaeth, 1952
weyenberghi (Dohrn, 1878) n. comb.
Omoplata Weyenberghi Dohrn, 1878: 452 (holotype in Warsaw, examined); Spaeth, 1913 b: 137,
1914 g: 54; Blackwelder, 1946: 743; WŒgrzynowicz and W„sowska, 1996: 48.
Omoplata Weyenberghi var. Baeri: Spaeth, 1909 c: 384 (syntype in Manchester, examined), 1913
b: 137, 1914 g: 54; Blackwelder, 1946: 743.
Distr.: Argentina: Tucuman.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to express my sincere thanks to Dr. N. BERTI (Paris Museum) for
her universal help during my stay in Paris Museum.
384 LECH BOROWIEC
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