General Microbiology appliance

278 Pages·2017·2.91 MB·English

•
Ministry of Health, Republic of Belarus
Institution of Education
“Grodno State Medical University”
Department of Microbiology, Virology and
Immunology named after S.I.Gelberg

GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY

Training appliance for students of the Department
for International Students
The Subject of Microbiology
Microscopic Method of
Investigation and Staining
Techniques
Theme No1
DEFINITION OF THE TERMS
“MICROBIOLOGY” AND
“MICROORGANISM”
• Science studying microorganisms.
• Organisms, invisible by the unaided eye
(microscopic object = microbe)

CLASSIFICATION OF
MICROBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
• According to the topic (object) of research
- General microbiology
- Individual microbiological sciences
• bacteriology (prokaryotes)
• mycology (eukaryotes-fungi)
• protozoology (eukaryotes - multicellular parasites)
• virology (viruses)
• According to their application
• medical
• sanitary
• veterinary
• industrial
• soil
• sea
• space
CLASSIFICATION OF
MICROBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
According to the topic According to their
(object) of research application
General microbiology • medical

• sanitary
Individual microbiological
• veterinary
sciences:
• industrial
• bacteriology
(prokaryotes) • soil
• mycology (eukaryotes-
• sea
fungi)
• space
• protozoology
(eukaryotes -
multicellular parasites)
• virology (viruses)
TASKS OF MEDICAL
MICROBIOLOGY
• Study of structure and biological properties
of microorganisms
• Study of cointeraction of microorganism
with human organism (i.e. infection),
namely:
- pathogenesis
- diagnostics
- treatment
- preventive maintenance
MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS OF
RESEARCH (DIAGNOSTICS)
Experimental
Microscopy Cultivation
(biological)
Pathological
Pathological
Pathological material
material
material (specimen)
(specimen)
(specimen) 

 experimental
pure culture of
smear animal
microbe
 

effect

microscopy
identification
(disease, death)
MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS OF

RESEARCH (DIAGNOSTICS)
Immunological (immunobiological) method
(methods)
Skin
Serological tests
testing
Methods
of
Revealing of antigenes Revealing
estimation
of microorganisms: of
Revealing of immune
antibodies
of specific
status of
In
in blood
In pure hypersensi
pathological patient
serum of
culture -tivity
material
patient

(serological
(allergy)
(express- (serological
tests)
diagnostics)
diagnostics)
HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY:
DESCRIPTIVE PERIOD
The end of XVII –
middle of XIX
century:
• Discovery of the world
of microorganisms,
description of
microorganisms.
Anthony van
Leeuwenhoek –
discoverer of first
microorganisms