Gender Training for Community Health Workers in Afghanistan

114 Pages·2015·8.39 MB·English

Foreign Affairs, Trade and Affaires étrangères, Commerce
Development Canada et Développement Canada
IMPROVING NUTRITION FOR MOTHERS,
NEWBORNS AND CHILDREN IN AFGHANISTAN
FACILITATOR’S GUIDE:
Gender Training for Community Health Workers in Afghanistan
FACILITATOR’S GUIDE:
Gender Training for Community Health Workers in Afghanistan
Acknowledgments
This facilitator’s guide was produced by Save the Children Canada, 2014. Save the Children Canada
is a Member of Save the Children, a network of 30 member organizations in over 120 countries
that focus on the issues of health and nutrition, education, child participation, child protection,
hunger and livelihoods, humanitarian response and child rights governance. Save the Children
delivers immediate and lasting improvements to children’s lives worldwide.
We thank you in advance for your interest in this topic and greatly welcome and value continued
feedback on this guide. To share your reflections and recommendations please email Deanna
Duplessis, Gender Advisor, [email protected].
This Guide was originally produced as part of Save the Children’s Improving Community Health
Program in Mali in 2013, and adapted to the Afghanistan context through a close collaboration
between Save the Children in Canada and Save the Children Afghanistan. We would like to sincerely
thank and acknowledge the following individuals for their contributions:
Dr. Mohammad Ilyas Azami, Senior Nutrition Pro- Ashley Dawson, Save the Children Canada
gram Manager, Save the Children International (SCI) Kyle Degraw, Save the Children Canada
Dr. Nasrullah Sultani, Nutrition Manager, SCI Bamody Diakité, Save the Children Mali
Dr. Sayed Muhib Shah, Nutrition Manager, SCI Marlen Mondaca, Save the Children Canada
Eng. Rahila Ahrar, Gender officer, SCI Dr. Laila Salim, Save the Children Canada
Deanna Duplessis, Gender Advisor, Save the Children Dr. Drissa Sanogo, Save the Children Mali
Canada Sekou Oumar Sidibé, Save the Children Mali
Bruna Simoes, Save the Children Canada
Kirsten Walkom, Save the Children Canada
Eric Swedberg, Save the Children US
The ‘Improving Nutrition for Mothers, Newborns and Children in Afghanistan’ project, and this
publication, was made possible by the generous support of the Canadian Department of Foreign
Affairs, Trade and Development (DFATD).
Photo: Tanya Bindra/Save the Children
Photo: Hedinn Halldorsson / Save the Children
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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FACILITATOR’S GUIDE:
Gender Training for Community Health Workers in Afghanistan
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................................................. 4
LIST OF TERMS ............................................................................................................................................ 5
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 7
1.1. Improving Community Health ................................................................................................................ 8
1.2. Purpose of the Guide .................................................................................................................................. 8
2. OVERVIEW OF THE TRAINING ................................................................................................... 11
2.1. Training Objectives ........................................................................................................................................ 12
2.2. Training Structure ........................................................................................................................................... 13
2.3. Facilitation Guidelines ................................................................................................................................... 14
2.4. Link between Gender and Health ........................................................................................................ 16
2.5. Save the Children’s Position on Gender ................................................................................................ 21
2.6. Improving Community Health’s Gender Strategy ...................................................................... 22
3. SESSION 1: AN INTRODUCTION TO GENDER ................................................................ 25
3.1. Overview of the Session ............................................................................................................................ 26
3.2. Preparation for the Session ...................................................................................................................... 26
3.3. Implementation of the Session ..................................................................................................................... 26
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FACILITATOR’S GUIDE:
Gender Training for Community Health Workers in Afghanistan
4. SESSION 2: AN EXPLORATION OF GENDER IN THE
BENEFICIARY COMMUNITIES ............................................................................................. 51
4.1. Overview of the Session ........................................................................................................................... 52
4.2. Preparation for the Session ..................................................................................................................... 52
4.3. Implementation of the Session .............................................................................................................. 52
5. S ESSION 3: INTERGATION OF GENDER IN CONSULTATIONS WITH
CAREGIVERS AND CHILDREN ............................................................................................... 67
5.1. Overview of the Session ............................................................................................................................ 68
5.2. Preparation for the Session ...................................................................................................................... 68
5.3. Implementation of the Session ............................................................................................................... 68
6. SESSION 4: THE INTEGRATION OF GENDER IN BEHAVIOUR
CHANGE COMMUNICATION ................................................................................................ 89
6.1. Overview of the Session ............................................................................................................................ 90
6.2. Preparation for the Session ...................................................................................................................... 90
6.3. Implementation of the Session ............................................................................................................... 90
7. APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................. 105
7.1. Appendix A: The Consultation Role-Play Scenarios ................................................................... 106
7.2. Appendix B: The Social and Behaviour Change Communication Role-Play Scenarios . 106
7.3. Appendix C: Training Evaluation ............................................................................................................. 112
7.4. Appendix D: Test ............................................................................................................................................. 114
7.5. Appendix E: Test with the answers ....................................................................................................... 116
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FACILITATOR’S GUIDE:
Gender Training for Community Health Workers in Afghanistan
ACRONYMS
BCC .........................Behaviour Change Communication
CHW .......................Community Health Worker
CHS ..........................Community Health Supervisor
CHM ........................Community Health Mobilizer
DFATD ....................Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development
ICH ...........................Improving Community Health
ICN ...........................Improving Community Nutrition
IYCF .........................Infant and Young Child Feeding
MAM ........................Moderate Acute Malnutrition
MoPH .......................Ministry of Public Health
NERS ........................Nutrition Education and Rehabilitation Session
OTP ..........................Out patient Therapeutic Program
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FACILITATOR’S GUIDE:
Gender Training for Community Health Workers in Afghanistan
LIST OF TERMS
Behaviour Change Behaviour change communication is when we use forms of
Communication communication to promote healthy behaviours and practices to
improve health outcomes.
Community Health Community Health Workers are the frontline health service providers
Workers who are the closest to the community. Their role is to sensitize
communities on healthy behaviours as well as deliver the curative
interventions to sick children in their communities.
Gender Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, activities and
attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women,
girls and boys.
Gender blind refers to interventions that are designed without any
Gender Blind
consideration of gender at all – they may inadvertently reinforce gender
inequalities and miss opportunities in program design, implementation,
and evaluation to enhance gender equality and achieve more sustainable
project outcomes.
Gender Equality Gender equality refers to when one sex is not routinely privileged or
prioritized over the other; that is when women and men, girls and boys
have equal rights, obligations and opportunities.
Gender equity means being just towards men and women, girls and
Gender Equity
boys. It highlights the idea that girls and boys, women and men have
unique needs, experiences and opportunities and therefore may often
need different opportunities and resources to enable gender equality.
Gender Exploitation Gender exploitative approaches take advantage of rigid gender norms
and existing imbalances in power to achieve the program objectives,
but with negative effects on gender equality goals.
Gender roles are behaviours, attitudes and actions society feels
Gender Role
are appropriate or inappropriate for a man or woman, boy or girl,
according to cultural norms and traditions.
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FACILITATOR’S GUIDE:
Gender Training for Community Health Workers in Afghanistan
Gender Sensitive Gender sensitive refers to when the different needs, abilities and
opportunities of boys and girls and men and women are identified,
considered and accounted for.
Gender Transformative Gender transformative refers to when we utilize a gender sensitive
approach and promote gender equality, while working with key
stakeholders to identify, address and transform the root causes of
gender inequality for women and men, girls and boys.
Health Services Health services are any service that seeks to contribute to improving
health, including the provision of health information, goods and care.
Social Determinant Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are
of Health born, grow, live, work, and age, as well as the health systems in place.
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PPhhoottoo:: TSaanvyea tBhein dCrhai/lSdarveen the Children
INTRODUCTION
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FACILITATOR’S GUIDE:
Gender Training for Community Health Workers in Afghanistan
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Improving Nutrition for Mothers, status of women and discrimination against
women”.
Newborns and Children
‘Improving Nutrition for Mothers, Newborns Guided by Save the Children’s (SC) Principles
and Children’ is a three year program to for Gender Equality this program aims to
improve the nutritional status of newborns, support girls and boys, women and men,
children under five and women of reproductive in fulfilling their equal rights to health and
age in selected provinces in Afghanistan. nutrition. SC recognizes that a focus on
For this project, Save the Children (SC) gender is essential as we work to achieve the
works in collaboration with the Ministry of programme’s ultimate goal of meeting basic
Public Health (MoPH) and locally selected health and nutrition needs, and decreasing
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) vulnerability, for people in Afghanistan, with a
implementing a Basic Package of Health focus on women and girls.
Services (BPHS), generally referred to as BPHS
NGOs. Together, they work to address the
dismal maternal, newborn and child nutrition 1.2. Purpose of the Guide
(MNCN) situation in Bamiyan, Daikundi,
The purpose of this facilitation guide is to
Kandahar, Jawzjan, Faryab and Sari Pul
support child rights-based organizations in their
provinces in Afghanistan, where nutritional
work carrying out gender sensitive health and
health, particularly of women and children,
nutrition programming. The training sessions
is very poor. Building community awareness,
are designed to facilitate the participation of
especially of primary caregivers, on healthy
front-line health workers in this discussion - the
infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices
authors of this guide recognize that CHWs have
is one of the core objectives of this project.
an already heavy and intensive workload and
thus suggest concrete ways in which CHWs can
Widespread gender inequalities have a critical
integrate a gender approach in their existing
impact for health and nutrition in Afghanistan,
activities, instead of adding additional activities
as demonstrated by unacceptably high rates of
to their workload.
both maternal mortality and malnourishment
amongst women and girls. Through integrating
The content of this guide is adapted from
a strong focus on gender equality within this
that developed through Save the Children’s
project, SC strives to support the Afghanistan
Improving Community Health project in Mali.
MOPH’s 2012-2016 Strategy, which aims to
This guide supports the ‘Improving Nutrition
decrease inequalities in health and promote
for Mothers, Newborns and Children’ project’s
“gender equality as the basis for […]
Gender Strategy.
programmes, especially maternal and newborn

health programmes, by addressing the lower
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