Table Of ContentTheA uthor
ANDERSENDa viKda yes tartehdi sc areeirn marrkeeste aracnhd t henwo rked
CONSULTIoNn Gpla nninmogd elsf orS helIln ternatifoonrsa olm e yearsi n
London aPnadr is.
ArthuArn derse&n Co
He joinAerdt huArn derse&n C o.i nL ondoni n1 96w2h ent here
wereo nly3 0p eoplei nm anagement ainndf ormatcioonns ulting.
Withifni vyee arhse r oset op artnehre,l pitnogb uiludp w hath as
becomeA nderseCno nsulting1 0w0i0tp eho plien t heU K.H ew as
responsifbolrec ommerciaanld p ublisce ctocro nsultiMnogr.e
recenthleyh asb eenc oncenttrianogn t hed ependencofes trategy
ando rganisatoni ionnf ormattieocnh nology.
Marriewdi tht hreec hildreDna,v idK ayew as educateidn
mathematiactsC ambridgien,s tatisattiO cxsf oradn di no pera
tionraels earacthA nnA rbori nM ichigUaSnA .
Tom y colleagaunedsc lienftrso,mw hom Ih avel earnt
mosto fw hatIk now.
GAMECHANGE
Thei mpacotfi nformation
technologoync orporate
strategainedss tructures
An AnderseCno nsulting
ManagemenBtr iefing
HeinemaPnrno fessional Publishing
''Thhies toofITry c anbe charactaesri stehde
overestiofm wahtaictoa nnb e a ccomplismhmeedd iately
antdh uen derestofi lmoantgi-octnoe nrsme quences"
PauSlt rassmIannf ormation Payoff
Heinemann ProSSIOlfle alP ubhshLtldn g
HallCeoyu nJ.(l( dan HillO,X f(l(d O8XE2J
OXFORD LONDON MELBOURNE AUCKLANDS INGAPORE
IBADANN AIROBIG ABORONE KINGSTON
First published 1989
© AnderseCno nsulh1n9g8 9
BritLiishbra ry CatalIogPnuu ibnlgl Decalt• lon
KayeD.a vid
Gamechange
1 Managemenl Oeclslon mal<1ng Appllcahons ofcom pulers yslerns
IT.i lle
658 4'03'0285
ISB0N4 349 10282
''Thhies toofITry c anbe charactaesri stehde
overestiofm wahtaictoa nnb e a ccomplismhmeedd iately
antdh uen derestofi lmoantgi-octnoe nrsme quences"
PauSlt rassmIannf ormation Payoff
Heinemann ProSSIOlfle alP ubhshLtldn g
HallCeoyu nJ.(l( dan HillO,X f(l(d O8XE2J
OXFORD LONDON MELBOURNE AUCKLANDS INGAPORE
IBADANN AIROBIG ABORONE KINGSTON
First published 1989
© AnderseCno nsulh1n9g8 9
BritLiishbra ry CatalIogPnuu ibnlgl Decalt• lon
KayeD.a vid
Gamechange
1 Managemenl Oeclslon mal<1ng Appllcahons ofcom pulers yslerns
IT.i lle
658 4'03'0285
ISB0N4 349 10282
PREFACE
Thibso oki si ntendfeodrc hieefx ecutiavnedst heciorl leagwuheos are
thinkianbogu t how Intfhoer matTieocnh nolorgeyv olutwiiolanlf fetcth e
strategainedss t ructuorfte hse biurs inessMeasn.a gementta'ssik s d ifficult
enough withoutt oph eanveitnrg"a tceo mputerspe,sa okI "h avea voided it
wherIec anB.u tw herIec annoIth ,a vet riteodm akei tmse aninpgl ain.
Ih aves electtehdef ewk eyf actasb outth ea dvanciesnI Tt hahta vet ob e
I I
understoaondd h avet riteode xplawihne ret hitnhke lye adc.o ulndo th ave
donet hiwsi thout refetrheeen xcpee rtioe onfcc eo mpaniwehso a rel eading
I
thew ay in chatnhgeisintrgr ateagnyds tructAubroev.e a llc oulndo th ave
attempttehde t ask witthhoeus tu pporatn dg uidanocfem y Andersen
Consultcionlgl eagWuheisl.te h eraer em anyw hoh aveh elpewdi tehx amples
I
anda rgumenwta,n ta bovael tlo r ecogntihseeh elfpr omm y partneJrosh n
HollKiesi,t h RuBdidLllaelt, mt eira ndB obD ymonda,n do fP auTlh orley who
did much of tshoer twioonurgtwk h atw e thinmakt terBsu.t coofu rse, as the
authaolrw ayssa ysa,n dt his rteiamleml eya nst,h ee rroarnsd o missions are
mineA.n df opra tieonrtg anisaotfti hoetn e xt fdrroamtf otd ratfotd rafItt h,a nk
my unflappsaebclree taSruyeR, i der.
DaviKda ye
DavidK ayeI st hep artnerI nc hargofe stratecgoincs ultiInng
AnderseCno nsultiLnogn,d on.
•
AIMSA NDA PPROACH
Theb ackground
Iits o bviotuhsa wte arei na perioofdr evoluitnii onnf ormatteicohnn ology.
Ther esuolftt sh teh iryteyat rr ansformianct aipoanb ialnidtc yo stosfc omputers
andt elecomnmiucatiaornese verywhetroe bsee enw,h etherf iinna ncial
markeitn stituctoimopnust.ce orn trolplreodd uctliionneo srt, h eh omeT.h is
transformhaatsib oene np owerebdy a dvanciensb asiscc ienacned t echnol
ogy.T hesea dvancewsi lclo ntinautae similpaarc ef orm anyy ears yet.
(IT)
Theerforteh ien formatteicohnn ologtyr ansformwaitlilo nc onAtnidna,us e .
itc ontinuietsw ,i lblr oadeann dd eepeni tsef fecotns thei nformation
inrfastrucotfue rnet erprises.
Thec onditoifot nh ei nformaitniforna striusck teuytr oet hes trateogfay n
enterprAinsdei i.ts k eyt ot hem anagemeanrtr angeenmtwsh icahr er equired
tod elivtehres trateTghyeR. o manksn ew twhhiesn thbeuyit lhte riora dTso.
expand amnadi ntatihne ifrr ontiienrt sh ef aceo ft hee nemyt,h eyb uilt
commuincatihoing hawyst os upportth erierl ataidvvea ntaogfde i scipalnidn e
wealth. And they buislttr umcatntuahrgaeectsmo eunlrtde spoenfdf ectitvoe ly
thewa ysi nw hicihn formaftlioownea dl ontgh eh ihgwaysa ndi nt hesiorc ieties.
Theyu sedt heb esatv ailable inftoercmhantoilooangn ydt, h edye fintehde
frontioefnr ast ioancatli vaintydo, f i ndivirdeusaplo nsibtiofl iitt y,wt ihtaht
technology.
Iti sn od ifferefnotrt hee nterproifs et odoapye,r atiinnag w orlwdh ere
sustaicnoemdp etitaidvvea ntaigsae n a imo ft hed evelopmoefsn ttr ategy and
structBuurtte h.es peeadn d deopftc hh angient heav ailatbelceh nolmoagkye
ipte rhapmso re diftfoai dcaupltt straantdes gtyr uctaucrceo ridngly.
Ino new ayo ra nothemra,n agemehnats a generaawla reneosfs whhaats
beenh appenianngd aunn easwei tiht cso nsequenCcoemsp.u tefrea turiens
••
INTRODUCTION
the proersi sn tshcei enccoel umnofsj ournsaulcsah s T heE conomissetto ut
what hbaese nh appeniinngt heI Tr elatfeudn damentoafls sci encaen d
technoloEgxyho.r tatitoon sb ecome diinrveocltvlwyie tdch o rporiastse uoefs
computianrgel ouadn df requeTnhte. coosftI sTc anb e large enough to be
signifaitct ahnect o ropratlee vaenld t ob ea f actiontr h e cheixeefcu tive's mind
ash et riteosf it corpoobrjaetcet iwvietsht ihne constirmaopisnetdbs y f inance
andt hep olitoiftc hseb oaradn d tshteo ckmarTkheetb .u sinebsesn efdiotn so t
always folloofww h.i cAmhla lyw elslt arwto rar iynt hceh ieexfe cutive's head
along ltihneoe fs" Somethiinsgg o inogn o utt heriet;i' mspo rtanlte;a viinttgo
theI Tp eoplteof idxo esns'ete mt ob eg oode nougbhu;tI c and'ote veryitnhg,
I
andd idnw'otr kw itcho mputewrhse nI wyaso ung;g trhoeun idss hiftuinndge r
me; tghaem ei sb eincgh angeadn,d I n eedt ok nowh ow".
Thaei omf t hbeo ok
Thibso oka ddresstehste h reaes pecotfsa ltlh iwsh icrhe aloluyg httob et he
conceronft hec hief execauntdhi ivste o pm anagemetneta ma s cao nse
quencoeft hei mpacot ft heI Tr evolutFiiornws.ht a,t q uestisohnosu bleda sked
aboustt ratedgiirce ctfiootrnh ec ompanayn df oirt fsu nctioSnesc?o ndw,h at
questiosnhso ulbde askeda boutc orporastter uctaunrdem anagement
arrangements?h oTwhs ihrodu,lt dh ew orko fg ettianngdi mplementtihneg
answerbsec oordinated?
Thibso okp ointthse wianys omei mportaarneta osfm anagemecnotn cern
toq uestioanbso ustt rateagnyd s tructwuhriec fho llforwo mt he technical
developments, amnadn awgheimcehsn hto ulbdea skinTgh.ep urpoissen ot
top oitnotd evelopmeinnit nsf ormastyisotne amsss uchn,o ri sit to d iscuss the
many-ando ftemno rei mporta-nitssuoefss trataengdys tructwuhriech ha ve
litotrln eo thitnodg o w itIhT T.h ep urposiesr athteorp roviidnes igwhhtisc h
shoulhde lmpa nagemeanntd t heaidrv isearsskt heq uestiwohnisc hha ve
becomew ortahs kiansg rae suolfIt T d evelopmeanntdsf ,i ntdh ea nswers.
Whatt heb ook doneostt rtyo d oi sm akeo bservattiooI nTps r ofseisonals
abouhto wI Tc an bmea det od oi tjso bb ettterh;er e adewri fliln ndo thianbgo ut
advancienst hep lannidnegs,i gann,dd elivoefrn ye wc omputseyrs temnso,r
'
AIMS ANAPOP ROACH
Systedmrisv aen,da rderi vebnys ,t rataengdsy t ruc.t.u.r e
STRATEGY
STRUCTURE SYSTEMS
buotn ly osfot mheeef feocnst sy stems ofa nstdce icehnncoaelff oegscytt r ataengdy
structure
Computing/teleacrormamnugneimceanttiso ns
Hardware Management
information
Scieannctdee chnology Straatnesdgt yr ucture
ti
INTRODUCTION
aboucto ntroltlhiecn ogs tosfI Ti nvestment.
TheI Tr evolutiisbo uni olnts omeb asidce velopmeinnts sc ienacned
technoloTghye.s eh avet ransforcmoemdp utearn dt elecomnmiucations
hardwarIent. u rtnh,ce a pabiileiastn dc ostosft hnee wh ardwahraev ceh anged
howt heh ardware sbheob uelsdat r rangtehda,it st os ayw,h erceo mputers
shoulbdep laced, underc ownhtortsooeld ,ow hata,n dh owt hesyh oulbde
linkveidat elecommunicaAtsia o rness.ut lhtec, h aracteroifsi tnifcosr mation
whiccha nb ea vailafbolcreo mpanuys eh aveb eent ransformed.
Some,b utb yn om eans aolftl h,e ster ansformacthiaonngtseh ea ssum�
tionasn dc ompromiswehsi clhi bee hinmda nagemendte'fsi niotfsi torna tegy
ands tructSuormee. o ft hesceh angeasr es oi mportatnhta stt rateagnyd
structnuorwen eedt o bree -examiinnte hdel igohftt heI Tr evolutIiitos tn h.e
aimo ft hibso okt os timulmaatnea gemetnoft o cus on thosoefb uissisnueesss
strataengdyo rganisaatfifoenct ienad ni mportwaanytb yt hIeT r evolutainodn .
tos uppomratn agemeinntt h er e-examintaatsiTkoh.ni tso p managetmaesnkt
canb ec rititocs aelc uricnogmp etitaidvvea ntaIgwte i.l slo metimbeesm ore
importtahnattn h ed ifferent chtaoml alneanggeem en-ta nd especIiTa lly
manageme-ntto c ontinuraelalsys eIsTss t ratiegnty h el igohfdt e velopments
inI T aonfdc hangesb uisni nesstsr ataengyds tructTuhreet .h emoef t hebo ok
ist oh eltpo pm anagerwso rkt hewiary t oa visioofna competitfiuvteu re,
exploitthienn egw p owerof I Tb,u tt emperbeydr estraoifnp trsa cticaanldi ty
economics.
Theb ooki sb aseodn t heb elitehfa t managewmielfnelte m lo rec omfortable
inf ollowtihnrgo utghhe technology ancdha acntgieonsng t hemi tfh efyi rst
apprecitahtee natutreh osopefa rtosf t hes ciencaen dt echnolaongdy
consequential chaarnegd ersi vitrnheagdt e finoiftt ihoefnr ontoiefsr tsr ategy
ands tructTuhreef .i rpsatr otf t he botohke refaoirmest oh ighlitghehk te y
featuroefsI Td evelopmeanltosn tgh ep athwsh iccho nnecstc iencaen d
technolvoigay hardawnadrs ey stecmh angetso c orporastter ateagnyd
structTuhrieps.a ritsi ntendteopd r epatrheeg rounfdo trh es ubsequmeanitn
partosn s trateagnyds tructure.
