Table Of Content

Y L F M A E T Team-Fly® Game Development and Production Erik Bethke Wordware Publishing, Inc. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Bethke,Erik. Gamedevelopmentandproduction/byErikBethke. p. cm. ISBN 1-55622-951-8 1. Computergames--Design. 2. Computergames--Programming. 3. Projectmanagement. I. Title. QA76.76.C672B472002 794.8'1526--dc21 2002153470 CIP ©2003,WordwarePublishing,Inc. AllRightsReserved 2320LosRiosBoulevard Plano,Texas75074 Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans withoutpermissioninwritingfromWordwarePublishing,Inc. PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica ISBN1-55622-951-8 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0301 Product names mentioned are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective companies. AllinquiriesforvolumepurchasesofthisbookshouldbeaddressedtoWordwarePublishing, Inc.,attheaboveaddress.Telephoneinquiriesmaybemadebycalling: (972)423-0090 Contents Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi Part I—Introduction to Game Development Chapter1 WhatDoesThisBookCover? . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 HowtoMakeaGame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 FirstHaveaPlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 OrganizeYourTeamEffectively. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 GameDevelopmentIsSoftwareDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . 4 WheretoTurnforOutsideHelp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 HowtoShipaGame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Post-Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 SuccessandtheLongRace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 HowtoUseThisBook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Chapter2 WhyMakeGames? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 ToShareaDream. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 GamesTeach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 GameGenresSatisfyDifferentAppetites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Gambling,Puzzle,andParlorGames. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 MilitaryandSportsSimulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Role-PlayingGames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 YouthMakingGames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 OnMoney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 WhyMakeGames? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Chapter3 WhatMakesGameDevelopmentHard? . . . . . . 15 TheImportanceofPlanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 VeryFewTitlesAreProfitable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 500,000UnitstoBreakEven? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 EmployeeCompensationandRoyalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 WhatAretheFinancialExpectationsforYourGame? . . . . . . . 17 TheScopeoftheGameMustMatchFinancialParameters. . . 17 WhyYourGameShouldProfit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 FeatureStorm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 IftheGameIsWorthMaking,MakeItExcellent . . . . . . . . 19 iii iv Contents ExcellenceinSpades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 GameMakingIsaLongRaceofManyGameProjects. . . . . . . 20 ABriefHistoryofSoftwareDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 OverlyLongGameProjectsAreDisastrous . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 WhatLateGamesDotothePublisher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 OurProjectPlanBehindStarfleetCommand . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 TheVisionforStarfleetCommand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 ConstraintsGiveMuchNeededFocus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 OnBugsShippedinStarfleetCommand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Well-MetGoalsEnableFutureSuccesses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 StrongGameDevelopersHaveStrongFoundations . . . . . . . . 25 TheTensionbetweenPreproductionandProduction. . . . . . . . 25 ThePoweroftheConsole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 WhyAren’tAllPublishersUsingPreproduction?. . . . . . . . . . 27 TheProcessIsChanging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 AStrongPlanMakesGameDevelopmentEasy . . . . . . . . . . 28 TheGravitationalPullofFeatureCreep. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 TaskVisibilityforTeamMotivationandforProgressTracking . . 29 UseYourCoreCompetenciesandOutsourcetheRest. . . . . . . 29 APitfallofSuccess—Fan-RequestedFeaturesandChanges. . . . 29 TheRelentlessPaceofTechnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 TheArtofWarandGames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Chapter4 GameProjectSurvivalTest . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 TheGameProjectSurvivalTest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 GameRequirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ProjectControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 RiskManagement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Personnel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 CalculatingYourProject’sScore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 WhatDoesMyScoreMean? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Part II—How to Make a Game Chapter5 WhatIsaGameMadeOf?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 TheExtendedDevelopmentTeam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 GameProductionParts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 DesignParts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 WhereDoLeadDesignersComeFrom? . . . . . . . . . . . 40 HowDoYouNailDowntheGameMechanics? . . . . . . . . 40 WhoAretheLevelandMissionDesigners?. . . . . . . . . . 40 StoryandDialogueWritersAreWritersforInteractivity. . . 41 CodingParts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 LeadProgrammersandTechnicalDirectors. . . . . . . . . . 42 GameMechanicsProgrammer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Contents v 3DGraphicsProgrammer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 ArtificialIntelligenceProgrammer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 UserInterfaceProgrammer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 AudioProgrammer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 ToolsProgrammer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Mission/LevelEditorProgrammer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Network,Server,orClientProgrammer? . . . . . . . . . . . 45 ArtParts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 ArtDirector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 ConceptArtist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 2DArtist/InterfaceDesigner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3DModeler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 CharacterModeler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 TextureArtist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Animator/MotionCaptureStudio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Storyboarder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 AudioParts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Voice-Overs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 SoundEffects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 ManagementParts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 LineProducer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 AssociateProducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 StudioHead/ExecutiveProducer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Producer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 QualityAssuranceParts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 PublisherQAParts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 QALead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 MainTeam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 MultiplayerTeam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 FreshTeams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 CompatibilityTeam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 LocalizationTeam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 BetaTesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 BetaTesters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 BetaTestingProgramManager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 BusinessParts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 BusinessDevelopmentParts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 BusinessDevelopmentExecutive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 PublisherCEOandPresident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 StudioHeads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Lawyers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 LicensingParts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Promoting,Buying,andSellingParts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 SalesExecutive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 vi Contents SalesForceandRetailPurchasingAgents. . . . . . . . . . . 57 PressRelationsManager. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 TradeShows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 OtherTradeShowsandEvents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 TheMarketingofaGame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 HardcoreFans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ManualsandStrategyGuides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 StrategyGuide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 ManufacturingParts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 HardwareManufacturerParts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 ConsoleManufacturers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 HardwareRepresentatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Post-ReleaseParts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Chapter6 BusinessContextFirst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 TheProjectTriangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 ImplicationsoftheProjectTriangle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 VariousGamesandtheProjectTriangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 QuestionsforYoutoAnswer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 WhattoDowithTheseAnswers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 AnUltra-LowBudgetGame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 FixedBudget,FixedDeadline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 High-Profile/High-QualityProjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 WalkAway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Chapter7 KeyDesignElements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 BusinessContextShapesDesign,orDoesDesignShape theBusinessContext? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 ReconciletheBusinessContextandGameIdeaEarly. . . . . . . 76 TheEffectsofaSlippedGame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 MethodsandtheUnifiedDevelopmentProcess . . . . . . . . . . 81 WhatIsaDevelopmentMethod?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 WhyUsetheUnifiedSoftwareDevelopmentProcess? . . . . . 81 RequirementsCapture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 UseCases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 CaseStudies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 CaseStudyI—Diablo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 UseCasesofDiablo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 QuickAnalysisoftheUseCasesofDiablo . . . . . . . . . . 89 CaseStudyII—GranTurismo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 UseCasesofGranTurismo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 QuickAnalysisoftheUseCasesofGranTurismo . . . . . . 93 TheKeyDesignElementsofYourGame . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 TheBattleoftheCounterterroristsGames . . . . . . . . . . . 94 TheKeyDesignElementsofRainbowSix . . . . . . . . . . 95 Contents vii AreWePlayingaMissionorPlanningaMission?. . . . . . . 95 TheKeyDesignElementsofCounter-Strike. . . . . . . . . 96 MostPopularMultiplayerGame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 OfIntersectingSetsandEliteForces . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 SomeStraightQuestionstoAskYourself . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 WhatGenreorGenresDoesYourGameFeature? . . . . . . 99 WilltheGameBeSingle-Player,Multiplayer,orBoth?. . . . 99 WhatIsthePlatform?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 WhatIsYourTargetMarket? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 WhatMajorTechnologiesAreYouUsing? . . . . . . . . . . 100 NowWhat?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Chapter8 GameDesignDocument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 WhatIsaGameDesignDocumentandWhatDoesItDo? . . . . 101 WhatAbouttheProposalDocument? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 WhenDoYouWritetheGameDesignDocument? . . . . . . . . 103 WhatShouldGointoaGameDesignDocument? . . . . . . . . . 105 SectionOne:DefiningtheGame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 ArticulateWhattheGameIsasClearlyasPossible. . . . . 106 SettheMood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 SectionTwo:CoreGameplay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 TheMainGameView . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 CorePlayerActivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 TheControllerDiagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 In-GameUserInterface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 SectionThree:ContextualGameplay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 ShellMenus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 TheNutsandBoltsofGameMechanics . . . . . . . . . . . 109 TutorialMechanics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 MultiplayerMechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 SectionFour:TalkStory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 WorldBackstory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 CharacterBackgrounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Level,Mission,andAreaDesign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 CutSceneDescriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 SectionFive:CoverYourAssets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 2DSpritesor3DModels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Missions,Levels,orAreas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Voice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 KeyFramingandMotionCapture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 SoundEffects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Music. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 SpecialEffects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 SteppingBackaBit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 viii Contents Chapter9 TheTechnicalDesignDocument . . . . . . . . . 129 Object-OrientedDesign. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 PurposeoftheTechnicalDesignDocument. . . . . . . . . . . . 130 WhyHaveaSoftwareDevelopmentProcess? . . . . . . . . . 132 TheUnifiedSoftwareDevelopmentProcess. . . . . . . . . . 133 CoreWorkflowsoftheUnifiedProcess. . . . . . . . . . . . 134 PhasesofaWorkflowintheUnifiedProcess. . . . . . . . . 134 WhenShouldtheTechnicalDesignDocumentBeWritten?. . 135 WhatGoesintotheTechnicalDesignDocument?. . . . . . . . . 136 RequirementsCapture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 ReverseEngineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 NonobviousRequirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 RequirementsAnalysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 ClassDiagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Relationships. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Drawing“isa”and“hasa”Relationshipsand Ordinalities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 AddingAnnotation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 OtherUMLDiagramTypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 DynamicModeling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 ArchitecturalDiagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Large-ScalePlanningandtheEvilofaLongBuildTime . . . 150 Refactoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Insulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 ForwardandBackwardCodeGenerationwitha ModelingTool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 TestingPlan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 UnitTestingandWhiteBoxTesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 BlackBoxTesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 BetaTesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 FromUseCasestoTestCases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Chapter10 TheProjectPlan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 WhatIstheProjectPlan? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 HowDoWeCreatetheProjectPlan? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 GanttandPERTChartsforOrganizingProjectTasks. . . . . 158 FocusingontheGanttChart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 UsingtheTechnicalDesignDocument. . . . . . . . . . . . 161 TaskGranularityandTaskLeveling . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 HowLongWillThatTaskTake? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 ShortTimeEstimatePossibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 EstimatingResearchTasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 TaskPrioritization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 ResourceLeveling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 TaskDependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Contents ix TheTopTenRisksDocument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 TheNon-ZeroChanceofDelivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Chapter11 TaskTracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 ProductionBegins—NowWhat? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 TaskVisibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 TheWall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Journals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 TheCultoftheYellowNotebook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 WalkAround . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 MilestoneOrientationMeetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 PraisePeoplePublicly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 MaintaintheGanttChart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 UpdatetheRisksChart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 Chapter12 OutsourcingStrategies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 WhyOutsource? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 WhentoThinkAboutOutsourcing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 WhattoOutsource. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 DoNotOutsourceProgramming—ExceptionsNoted . . . . . 185 OnOutsourcingArt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 Movies,CutScenes,orFullMotionVideo. . . . . . . . . . 186 3DModels—Modeling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 AnimationandMotionCapture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 UserInterfaceArt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 Audio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 Music. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 SoundEffects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Voice-Over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 WhatElsetoOutsource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 Chapter13 ShippingYourGame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 ShippingIsaPhase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 HowDoYouShipaGreatGame?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Alpha—FeatureComplete. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 WhatIsFeatureComplete? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 AdditionalContent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 FeatureTrimming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 TestingPlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 PublisherQA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 TeamTesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 ProjectLeaderTesting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 AutomatedTesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 FocusGroupTesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 BetaTesting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 OpenorClosedBetaTest? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

ebook img

Game Development and Production PDF

437 Pages·2003·6.359 MB·English
by  Erik Bethke
#Computers #Programming: Games
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download

Download Game Development and Production PDF Free - Full Version

by Erik Bethke| 2003| 437 pages| 6.359| English

Download Game Development and Production by Erik Bethke in PDF format completely FREE. No registration required, no payment needed. Get instant access to this valuable resource on PDFdrive.to!

Free Download PDF

About Game Development and Production

No description available for this book.

Detailed Information

Author:Erik Bethke
Publication Year:2003
ISBN:9780585448336
Pages:437
Language:English
File Size:6.359
Format:PDF
Price:FREE
Download Free PDF

Safe & Secure Download - No registration required

Why Choose PDFdrive for Your Free Game Development and Production Download?

  • 100% Free: No hidden fees or subscriptions required for one book every day.
  • No Registration: Immediate access is available without creating accounts for one book every day.
  • Safe and Secure: Clean downloads without malware or viruses
  • Multiple Formats: PDF, MOBI, Mpub,... optimized for all devices
  • Educational Resource: Supporting knowledge sharing and learning

Free Books Similar to Game Development and Production

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it really free to download Game Development and Production PDF?

Yes, on https://PDFdrive.to you can download Game Development and Production by Erik Bethke completely free. We don't require any payment, subscription, or registration to access this PDF file. For 3 books every day.

How can I read Game Development and Production on my mobile device?

After downloading Game Development and Production PDF, you can open it with any PDF reader app on your phone or tablet. We recommend using Adobe Acrobat Reader, Apple Books, or Google Play Books for the best reading experience.

Is this the full version of Game Development and Production?

Yes, this is the complete PDF version of Game Development and Production by Erik Bethke. You will be able to read the entire content as in the printed version without missing any pages.

Is it legal to download Game Development and Production PDF for free?

https://PDFdrive.to provides links to free educational resources available online. We do not store any files on our servers. Please be aware of copyright laws in your country before downloading.

The materials shared are intended for research, educational, and personal use in accordance with fair use principles.

We use cookies

We use cookies to ensure you get the best browsing experience on our website. By clicking "Accept Cookies", you agree that we can store cookies on your device in accordance with our Terms and Privacy.