Fungal biodeterioration of paper

258 Pages·2016·9.16 MB·English

Sílvia Oliveira Sequeira

Licenciada em Conservação e Restauro

[ Nome completo do autor]
[Habilitações Académicas]

Fungal biodeterioration of paper: Development of safer and
accessible conservation treatments
[Nome completo do autor]
[Habilitações Académicas]

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Conservação e Restauro do Património,

[[NTíotmuleo cdoam Tpelseet]o do autor]
Especialidade em Ciências da Conservação
[Habilitações Académicas]

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
[[ ENnomgeen choaOmrriipealn eIttnaodf odorro:m auDáttooiucrta]o ]r a Maria Filomena Macedo Dinis, Professora Auxiliar, FCT-UNL
[HaCbioli-toarçieõnetsa dAocraedsé: mDicoaust]o r Eurico José Cabrita, Professor Auxiliar, FCT-UNL

Doutor Allan J. L. Phillips, Investigador Principal, FCT-UNL

[ Nome completo do autor]
Júri:
[Habilitações Académicas]

Presidente: Doutor Fernando Jorge da Silva Pina, Professor Catedrático, FCT-UNL

Doutor António Manuel Santos Carriço Portugal, Professor Auxiliar, FCT-UC
[Nome cAomrgpuelenttoe sd:o autor]
Doutor Rogério Manuel dos Santos Simões, Professor Associado, UBI
[Habilitações Académicas]

Doutora Maria Filomena Macedo Dinis, Professora Auxiliar, FCT-UNL
Doutora Maria da Conceição Lopes Casanova, Investigadora Auxiliar dos Museus

da Universidade de Lisboa
Vogais:
Doutora Ana Isabel S. C. Delgado Martins, Investigadora Auxiliar dos Museus da
[Nome completo do autor]
Universidade de Lisboa
[Habilitações AcadémDiocausto] r César António T. Laia, Investigador Auxiliar do LAQV-REQUIMTE, FCT-UNL

Abril, 2016

Fungal biodeterioration of paper: development of safer and accessible conservation
treatments
Copyright © Sílvia Oliveira Sequeira, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova
de Lisboa.
A Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia e a Universidade Nova de Lisboa têm o direito,
perpétuo e sem limites geográficos, de arquivar e publicar esta dissertação através de
exemplares impressos reproduzidos em papel ou de forma digital, ou por qualquer outro
meio conhecido ou que venha a ser inventado, e de a divulgar através de repositórios
científicos e de admitir a sua cópia e distribuição com objectivos educacionais ou de
investigação, não comerciais, desde que seja dado crédito ao autor e editor.
iii

Dedicated to my family

v

Acknowledgments
This PhD was developed at the Conservation and Restoration Department, FCT,
Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, (DCR, FCT-UNL); at the Tropical Research Institute (IICT); at
the Chemistry Department, FCT-UNL; and at VICARTE Research Unit, UNL.
This multidisciplinary work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia -
Ministério da Educação e Ciência (FCT-MEC), with a doctoral grant (SFRH/BD/72216/2010)
and the project UID/EAT/00729/2013; and by Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares
Aplicadas - UCIBIO which is financed by national funds from FCT/MEC
(UID/Multi/04378/2013) and co-financed by the ERDF under the PT2020 Partnership
Agreement (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007728).
A PhD thesis is always the result of a multitude of collaborations and interdisciplinary work.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to everyone that contributed to the
achievements presented in this thesis.
To my supervisor Prof. Filomena Macedo, for all the guidance, helpful suggestions,
companionship and constant encouragement. To my co-supervisor Prof. Eurico Cabrita, for
all the support, valuable advice and friendship. To my co-supervisor Dr. Alan Phillips, for all
the important inputs and wisdom.
To my thesis advisory committee (Comissão de Acompanhamento de Tese), Prof. António
Portugal and Prof. César Laia, for the discussion and valuable advice on the PhD
Thesis

Plan
Evaluation.
To all the kind people who made available the respective techniques and instruments and
for all the support in analysing the results: Prof. António Candeias and Dr. Gabriela Carvalho
(DGPC), for the artificial ageing chamber; Prof. Cesar Laia (DQ, FCT-UNL), for the DLS
analyses; Prof. Fernando Pina and Prof. João Carlos Lima (DQ, FCT-UNL), for the
photochemistry analyses and discussion; Prof. João Lopes (Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. of
Lisbon), for the analysis of FTIR results; Dr. José Carlos Rodrigues (IICT), for the ATR-FTIR
analyses; Prof. José Paulo Sampaio (DCV, FCT-UNL), for the autoclave; Prof. Márcia
Vilarigues (DCR, FCT-UNL), for the EDXRF analyses; Prof. Maria João Melo (DCR, FCT-UNL),
for the FTIR analyses and discussion; Dr. Miguel Silva (DCR, FCT-UNL), for the ATR-FTIR
analyses; and Prof. Rogério Simões (DQ, UBI), for the support with the Folding Endurance
analyses and hospitality in UBI. I also thank all the other people who helped me during the
experimental work, as well as their valuable comments.
To all the participants of the questionnaire, Prof. Luís Ramos for the helpful discussions with
the statistical analyses of the obtained results and Conservation DistList manager for the
questionnaire distribution and information regarding the number of registered users.
To Dr. Ana Cannas and Prof. Conceição Casanova, for all the support in the work developed
in IICT and encouragement to start this endeavour. To Professor Telmo Verdelho for the
images of the biodeteriorated song book.
vii
To all my colleagues from labs 302/304 in DQ, the people from DCR and the people from
VICARTE, for the companionship and support. A special thank you to Aline Aquino, for her
friendship and for helping me in those days where two hands were not enough.
To all my PhD colleagues, especially to Ana Margarida Silva, Ângela Ferraz, Élia Roldão,
Filipa Pereira, Marta Félix, Mathilda Larson, Susana Belchior and Susana Sá, for all the
companionship and shared concerns. A special thank you to Catarina Pinheiro for the text
revisions and precious advice during these PhD years.
To Arminda Fortes, Catarina Gonçalves, Catarina Mateus, Laura Moura, Laura Domingues,
Manuela Carvalho, Marta Costa, Rogério Abreu, Tiago Rodrigues and all my colleagues and
friends in IICT. It has always been a pleasure working with you.
To my dear professor and friend Luis Elias Casanovas, for being an incredible teacher and
human being.
To my family and friends for all the distractions from the PhD.
My special appreciation and heartiest thanks goes to my parents, for being an extraordinary
example and support in what really matters, and to my husband for all the patience and
encouragement in this everlasting journey.

viii
“(…) libraries should be towards the east, for their purposes require the morning light: in
libraries the books are in this aspect preserved from decay; those that are towards the south
and west are injured by the worm and by the damp, which the moist winds generate and
nourish, and spreading the damp, make the books mouldy.”
Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (1st century BC)
(Pollio, 1826)
ix