Table Of ContentEBOOKS Fundamentals of Technical Graphics O
S GENERAL ENGINEERING AND K-12
FOR THE A
Volume II K
ENGINEERING EDUCATION COLLECTION
ENGINEERING U
E
LIBRARY Edward E. Osakue
John K. Estell and Kenneth J. Reid, Editors
Create your own Fundamentals of Technical Graphics concentrates on the main concepts
Customized Content and principles of technical graphics. The book is divided into two
Bundle—the more volumes: volume one contains chapters one to fi ve, whereas volume
books you buy, two comprises of chapters six to ten. Volume one covers the topics
the greater your of drafting guidelines, free hand sketching, computer design draft-
discount! ing (CDD) systems, geometric and shape construction, and standard
multiview drawing creation. Volume two treats the topics of auxiliary
THE CONTENT views, section views, basic dimensioning, isometric drawings, and
working drawings. The appendices provide introductory discussions
• Manufacturing
Fundamentals of
about screw fasteners, general and geometric tolerancing, and surface F
Engineering u
quality and symbols. n
• Mechanical d
a
& Chemical The book is written with current drafting standards of American m Technical Graphics
Engineering e
National Standards Institute/American Society for Mechanical n
• Materials Science ta
& Engineering Engineers (ANSI/ASME) in mind. The style is plain and discussions are ls
straight to the point. Its principle goal is meeting the needs of fi rst- o
• Civil & f
and second-year students in engineering, engineering technology, T Volume II
Environmental e
design technology, and related disciplines. c
Engineering h
n
• Advanced Energy Edward E. Osakue is an associate professor in the department of ica
Technologies industrial technology at Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas. He l G
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is also an adjunct faculty of engineering drafting and design department a
THE TERMS p
at Houston Community College, Houston, Texas. Edward Osakue was h
• Perpetual access for the education supervisor/chair of the school of drafting and design ics
,
a one time fee at ITT Technical Institute, Houston South. He was a faculty at the V
o
• No subscriptions or department of production engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, lu
access fees m
Nigeria, from 1984 to 1992. Edward obtained his PhD in mechanical
e
• Unlimited engineering from the University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada I
I
concurrent usage
in 1999. He earned his bachelor’s and master’s degrees, respectively in
• Downloadable PDFs
1983 and 1992; both in production engineering, from the University of
• Free MARC records
Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. He has been teaching engineering design
courses since 1985 and engineering graphics and technical drawings
For further information, Edward E. Osakue
courses since 2001. He has authored and co-authored many technical
a free trial, or to order,
contact: papers in engineering design and drafting and is a regular presenter
[email protected] at national and international technical conferences.
ISBN: 978-1-94708-358-5
Fundamentals
oF technical
Graphics
Fundamentals
oF technical
Graphics
V II
olume
edward e. osakue
MOMENTUM PRESS, LLC, NEW YORK
Fundamentals of Technical Graphics, Volume II
Copyright © Momentum Press®, LLC, 2018.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—
electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for
brief quotations, not to exceed 400 words, without the prior permission
of the publisher.
First published by Momentum Press®, LLC
222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017
www.momentumpress.net
ISBN-13: 978-1-94708-358-5 (print)
ISBN-13: 978-1-94708-359-2 (e-book)
Momentum Press General Engineering and K-12 Engineering Education
Collection
Cover and interior design by Exeter Premedia Services Private Ltd.,
Chennai, India
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in the United States of America
A
bstrAct
Fundamentals of Technical Graphics concentrates on the main concepts
and principles of technical graphics and provides users with the informa-
tion they need most in an easy and straight forward manner. The book is
divided into two volumes: Volume I contains Chapters 1 to 5, w here as
Volume II comprises of Chapters 6 to 10. The chapters and topics are orga-
nized in a sequence that makes learning a gradual transition from one level
to another. However, each chapter is presented in a self-c ontained manner
and may be studied separately. In each chapter, techniques are presented
for implementing the topics treated. Chapter 1 gives the basic informa-
tion a beginner needs to get started with drafting. Chapter 2 focuses on
basic sketching tools and techniques. Chapter 3 discusses computer design
drafting (CDD) systems and provides relevant information to make the
student an informed user of the systems. Chapter 4 covers shape con-
struction, the foundation of creating drawing views. Chapter 5 presents
the principles and techniques for creating standard multiview drawings.
Chapter 6 discusses auxiliary view creation, whereas Chapter 7 focuses
on section view creation. Basic dimensioning is covered in Chapter 8.
Isometric pictorials are presented in Chapter 9. Working drawings are
covered in Chapter 10, the heart of drafting, and practical information
is provided for creating them. The Appendixes provide introductory dis-
cussions about screw fasteners, general and geometric tolerancing, and
surface quality and symbols.
Keywords
auxiliary views, computer design and drafting (CDD), design, dimensioning,
graphics, isometric views, multiview drawings, orthographic projection,
section views, shape construction, technical, working drawings
c
ontents
List of Figures xi
List of Tables xvii
6 Auxiliary Drawing Views 1
6.1 Introduction 1
6.2 Understanding Auxiliary Views 1
6.3 Visualizing Auxiliary Views 4
6.4 Constructing Auxiliary Views 5
6.5 Generating Auxiliary Views from Solid Models 13
6.6 Combined Standard and Partial Auxiliary Views 17
6.7 Chapter Review Questions 18
6.8 Chapter Exercises 19
7 Section Drawing Views 23
7.1 Introduction 23
7.2 Concept of Sections 23
7.3 Cutting Plane Line Styles 25
7.4 Hatch Patterns 25
7.5 Section View Representation and Placement 27
7.6 Section View Types 28
7.7 Conventional Breaks 37
7.8 Constructing Section Views 37
7.9 Generating Section Views from Solids 39
7.10 Chapter Review Questions 40
7.11 Chapter Exercises 41
8 Basic Dimensioning 45
8.1 Introduction 45
8.2 Engineering Drawing and Size Descriptions 46
8.3 Dimension Elements and Symbols 47
8.4 Dimension Types and Line Spacing 48
viii • Contents
8.5 Placing Dimensions on Object Features 50
8.6 Dimensioning Methods 58
8.7 Dimension Style 60
8.8 Manual Dimensioning 61
8.9 CDD Automatic Dimension Placement 64
8.10 Chapter Review Questions 67
8.11 Chapter Exercises 67
9 Isometric Drawings 73
9.1 Introduction 73
9.2 Isometric Projection and Scale 73
9.3 Types of Isometric Drawings 75
9.4 Constructing Isometric Arcs and Circles 76
9.5 Construction Techniques for Isometric Drawing 79
9.6 Isometric Annotations 85
9.7 Applications of Isometric Views 86
9.8 Dimetric and Trimetric Projections 89
9.9 Chapter Review Questions 90
9.10 Chapter Exercises 90
10 Working Drawings 95
10.1 Introduction 95
10.2 Elements of Working Drawings 96
10.3 Component Detail Drawings 100
10.4 Standard Parts 102
10.5 Assembly Working Drawings 102
10.6 Checking Drawings 106
10.7 Specification Documents 109
10.8 Working Drawing Set 110
10.9 Chapter Review Questions 115
10.10 Chapter Exercises 115
Appendix I: Screw Fasteners 123
A1.1 Screw Features 123
A1.2 Standard Threads and Thread Profiles 123
A1.3 Thread Series 124
A1.4 Thread Classes 124
A1.5 Thread Specification 125
Appendix II: General Tolerancing and Dimensioning 127
A2.1 Symbolic Specification 128
A2.2 Value Specification 128
A2.3 Hole-Basis or Shaft-Basis Fit Systems 129
Contents • ix
Appendix III: Geometric Tolerancing and Dimensioning 133
Appendix IV: Surface Texture 137
A4.1 Surface Texture Specification 137
A4.2 Surface Roughness Production 139
Bibliography 141
About the Author 143
Index 145
