Fundamental Problems in Breast Cancer: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Fundamental Problems in Breast Cancer Held at Banff, Alberta, Canada April 26–29, 1986

391 Pages·1987·19.14 MB·English

by  Harold A. Oberman (auth.)

FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS IN BREAST CANCER
DEVELOPMENTS IN ONCOLOGY
W. Davis, C. Maltoni and S. Tanneberger, eds.: The Control of Tumor Growth and its Biological Bases.
0-89838-603-9.
A.P.M. Heintz, C. Th. Griffiths andJ.B. Trimbos, eds.: Surgery in Gynecological Oncology. 0-89838-604-7.
M.P. Hacker, E.B. Douple and I. Krakoff, eds.: Platinum Coordination Complexes in Cancer Chemotherapy.
0-89838-619-5.
M.J. van Zwieten. The Rat as Animal Model in Breast Cancer Research: A Histopathological Study of
Radiation-and Hormone-Induced Rat Mammary Tumors. 0-89838-624-1.
B. Lowenberg and A. Hogenbeck, eds.: Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia. 0-89838-630-6.
I. van der Waal and G.B. Snow, eds.: Oral Oncology. 0-89838-631-4.
B. W. Hancock and A.M. Ward, eds.: Immunological Aspects of Cancer. 0-89838-664-0.
K. V. Honn and B.F. Sloane, eds.: Hemostatic Mechanisms and Metastasis. 0-89838-667-5.
KR. Harrap, W. Davis and A.N. Calvert, eds.: Cancer Chemotherapy and Selective Drug Development.
0-89838-673-X.
V.D. Velde, J.H. Cornelis and P.H. Sugarbaker, eds.: Liver Metastasis. 0-89838-648-5.
D.J. Ruiter, K. Welvaart and S. Ferrone, eds.: Cutaneous Melanoma and Precursor Lesions. 0-89838-689-6.
S.B. Howell, ed.: Intra-Arterial and Intracavitary Cancer Chemotherapy. 0-89838-691-8.
D.L. Kisner and J.F. Smyth, eds.: Interferon Alpha-2: Pre-Clinical and Clinical Evaluation. 0-89838-701-9.
P. Furmanski, J.C. Hager and M.A. Rich, eds.: RNA Tumor Viruses, Oncogenes, Human Cancer and Aids:
On the Frontiers of Understanding. 0-89838-703-5.
J.E. Talmadge, I.J. Fidler and R.K. Oldham: Screening for Biological Response Modifiers: Methods and
Rationale. 0-89838-712-4.
J.c. Bottino, R.W. Opfell and F.M. Muggia, eds.: Liver Cancer. 0-89838-713-2.
P.K. Pattengale, R.J. Lukes and c.R. Taylor, eds.: Lymphoproliferative Diseases: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis,
Therapy. 0-89838-725-6.
F. Cavalli, G. Bonadonna and M. Rozencweig, eds.: Malignant Lymphomas and Hodgkin's Disease. 0-89838-
727-2. .
L. Baker, F. Valeriote and V. Ratanatharathorn, eds.: Biology and Therapy of Acute Leukemia. 0-89838-728-
O.
J. Russo, ed.: Immunocytochemistry in Tumor Diagnosis. 0-89838-737-X.
R.L. Ceriani, ed.: Monoclonal Antibodies and Breast Cancer. 0-89838-739-6.
D.E. Peterson, G.E. Elias and S.T. Sonis, eds.: Head and Neck Management of the Cancer Patient.
0-89838-747-7.
D.M. Green: Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Solid Tumors in Infants and Children. 0-89838-750-7.
K.A. Foon and A.C. Morgan. Jr., eds.: Monoclonal Antibody Therapy of Human Cancer. 0-89838-754-X.
J.G. McVie, et aI, eds., Clinical and Experimental Pathology of Lung Cancer. 0-89838-764-7.
K.V. Honn, W.E. Powers and B.F. Sloane, eds.: Mechanisms of Cancer Metastasis. 0-89838-765-5.
K Lapis, L.A. Liotta and A.S. Rabson, eds.: Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics of Cancer Metastasis.
0-89838-785-X.
A.J. Mastromarino, ed.: Biology and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. 0-89838-786-8.
M.A. Rich, J.c. Hager and]. Taylor-Papadimitriou, eds.: Breast Cancer: Origins, Detection, and Treatment.
0-89838-792-2.
D.G. Poplack, L. Massimo and P. Cornaglia-Ferraris, eds.: The Role of Pharmacology in Pediatric Oncology.
0-89838-795-7.
A. Hagenbeek and B. Lowenberg, eds.: Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia 1986. 0-89838-799-X.
F.M. Muggia and M. Rozencweig, eds.: Clinical Evaluations of Anti-Tumor Therapy. 0-89838-803-1.
F.A. Valeriote and L.H. Baker, eds.: Biochemical Modulation of Anticancer Agents: Experimental and
Clinical Approaches. 0-89838-827-9.
B.A. Stoll, ed.: Pointers to Cancer Prognosis. 0-89838-841-4.
KH. Hollman and J.M. Verley, eds.: New Frontiers in Mammary Pathology 1986. 0-89838-852-X.
D.]. Ruiter, G.]. Fleuren and S.O. Warneer, eds.: Application of Monoclonal Antibodies in Tumor
Pathology. 0-89838-853-8.
FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS IN BREAST CANCER
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS IN BREAST CANCER HELD AT
BANFF, ALBERTA, CANADA APRIL 26-29, 1986
EDITED BY
ALEXANDER H.G. PATERSON
ALAN W. LEES
Breast Unit, Cross Cancer Institute
11560 University Avenue
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
T6G 1Z2
DISTRIBUTORS
for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA
02061, USA
for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publisher, MTP Press Limited, Falcon House, Queen
Square, Lancaster LA1 1RN, UK
for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Distribution Centre, P.O. Box 322,
3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Fundamental problems in breast cancer.
(Developments in oncology)
Papers presented at the Second International
Symposium on Fundamental Problems in Breast Cancer,
held at Banff, Alberta, Apr. 26-29, 1986.
1. Breast-Cancer-Congresses. I. Paterson,
A.H.G. (Alexander H.G.) II. Lees, A.W. (Alan W.)
III. International Symposium on Fundamental Problems
in Breast Cancer (2nd: 1986: Banff, Alta.) IV. Series.
[DNLM: 1. Breast Neoplasms-congresses. WI DE998NI
WP 870 F9811986)
RC280.B8F861987 616.99'449 86-33811
ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-9218-0 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-2049-4
001: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2049-4
Copyright © 1987 by Martinus NijhoffPublishing, Boston. All rights reserved. No part of this
publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by
any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publisher, Martinus NijhoffPublishing, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA
02061, USA
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987
CONTENTS
Section Organizers ix
Contributing Authors Xl
Acknowledgment xv
Preface by A.H.G. Paterson and A.W. Lees XVll
I. The natural history and clinical significance of breast
cancer detected by imaging techniques
1. Pathology of breast cancer detected by imaging techniques 3
HAROLD A. OBERMAN
2. Screening for breast cancer: an overview 11
LASZLO TABAR
3. Research in new imaging methods for detection of breast cancer 17
M.J. YAFFE, R.M. NISHIKAWA, AND A. FENSTER
4. The Canadian national breast screening study: current status 25
CORNELIA J. BAINES
5. Natural history of mammary tumors seen in a breast center 29
ROGER GHYS
6. An educational and diagnostic breast center in edmonton: a preliminary
report of the first year 39
P.E. BURNS, AND A.E. NETT
7. The Breast Center-a multidisciplinary model 47
MELVIN J. SILVERSTEIN, NEAL HANDEL, ROBERT S. HOFFMAN, JAMES R. WAISMAN,
ROBERT J. ROSSER, PARVIS GAMAGAMI, EUGENE D. GIERSON, WILLIAM J. COLBURN,
ELLEN WAISMAN, BERNARD LEWINSKY, AND AARON G. FINGERHUT
v
vi Contents
8. Multimodality breast imaging: thc valuc of diaphanography 59
W.R. CASTOR, f.1. JACKSON, AND T. HUN'r
9. Comparative value of diaphanoscopy, mammography, and thermography
for breast cancer screening 69
ROGER GHYS
10. Finding earlier nonpalpablc breast cancers using hooked wire directed biopsy
and a modified overpenetrated mammographic technique 75
MELVIN J. SILVERSTEIN, PARVIS GAMAGAMI, ROBERT J. ROSSER, EUGENE D. GIERSON,
WILLIAM J. COLBURN, NEAL HANDEL, AARON G. fINGERHUT, BERNARD S. LEWINSKY,
JAMES R. WAISMAN, AND ROBERT HOFFMAN
11. The significance of tumor size in stage I invasive breast cancer 91
CATHERINE E. DE METZ, AND ARTHUR T. PORTER
12. The impact of breast cancer screening on surgical treatment policies 97
LARS HOLMBERG
13. Survival of patients with breast cancer detected between mammographic
screenings 105
L. HOLMBERG, L. TABAR, H.O. ADAMI, AND R. BERGSTROM
14. Intraductal breast carcinoma-what constitutes adequate treatment? 113
R.J. ROSSER, M.J. SILVERSTEIN, E.D. GIERSON, P. GAMAGAMI, W.J. COLBURN,
N. HANDEL, J.R. WAISMAN, R. HOFFMAN, B. LEWINSKY, AND A. FINGERHUT
II. Aspects of the growth and mechanism of response
of endocrine sensitive breast cancer
15. Endocrine and other influences in the normal development of the breast 127
G. SHYAMALA
16. Endocrine prevention of breast cancer by tamoxifen 139
TREVOR POWLES
17. Mechanisms of regression and revised approaches to endocrine therapy 145
BASIL A. STOLL
18. Growth factors, oncogenes, and breast cancer 155
TONY PAWSON
19. Estrogenic recruitment followed by chemotherapy in breast cancer: experimental
and clinical results 173
P.F. CONTE, P. PRONZATO, A. FALCONE, G. GARDIN, R. LIONETTO, A. RUBAGOTTI,
I. TUVO, R. ROSSO, E. DIMARCO, A. ALAMA, A. NICOLIN, P. GENTILINI, D. AMADORI,
M. SUSSIO, P. SISMONDI, R. DE MICHELI, F. GARNINO, C. MONZEGLIO, A. JACOMUZZI,
C. MOSSETTI, AND P. GALLOTTI
20. Relationship of breast cancer hormone receptors, menopausal status, and adjuvant
therapy to site(s) of recurrence and survival 177
E.A. ABDI, H. JENKINS, C. MAY, AND MEMBERS OF BREAST UNIT
21. Cyclical use of tamoxifen and high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate
in advanced breast cancer 187
S. GUNDERSEN, S. KVINNSLAND, AND O. KLEPP
Contents vii
22. An inverse relationship between intracellular prolactin and growth hormone
and estrogen receptor status in human breast cancers 193
INDRANEEL MITTRA, ALKA A. REDKAR, GANESH T. DANSE, AND DILIP BANDYOPADHYAY
23. Steroid receptors in breast cancer: Kuwait experience 197
HUSSAIN AL-JAZZAT
III. Adjuvant systemic therapy: current clinical trials and aspects of
statistical evaluation of adjuvant chemotherapy
24. Breast cancer trials of the Ludwig and International
Breast Cancer Study Group 201
JOHN F. FORBES, RICHARD GELBER, AND ARON GOLDHIRSCH
25. The validity of summing results of clinical trials in breast cancer 223
K.I. PRITCHARD
26. Cost-benefit analysis of chemotherapy trials 229
R. CRAIG HENDERSON, AND REBECCA GELMAN
27. Adjuvant therapy in postmenopausal patients with operable breast cancer 235
EDWARD BARAL, ULLA GLAS, LARS-ERIK RUTQVIST, AND LANBERT SKOOG
IV. Research on life quality and the effect oflocal and
systemic therapy on quality of life
28. Autonomic insufficiency in patients with advanced breast cancer 241
E. BRUERA, c. BRENNEIS, M. MICHAUD, JOHN HANSON,
A.H.G. PATERSON, AND R.N. MACDONALD
29. Brachial plexopathy in patients with breast cancer 249
DORCAS s. FULTON
30. Lymphedema-its treatment 259
JOHN F.MCCAFFREY
31. Competing causes of death in breast cancer patients 265
MARIA KOCH, JOHN HANSON, HERTA GAEDKE, AND DIANE WILSON
32. Breast cancer profile in India: experiences at the Tata Memorial Hospital,
Bombay 273
P.B. DESAI
V. Laboratory research relevant to the management of patients
with breast cancer over the next decade
33. Tumor metastasis: biology and experimental therapeutic approaches 283
LUKA MILAS, AND PHILIP TOFlLON
34. The detection and evaluation of bone marrow micrometastases in primary
breast cancer 299
J.L. MANSI, T.J. POWLES, AND R.C. COOMBES
35. Physiology of bone and metabolic approaches to the treatment of
skeletal metastases 303
J.A. KANIS, RICHARD E.S. GRAY, GRAEME URWIN,
SHONA HURRAY, AND NEVEEN HAMDY
viii Contents
36. Expression of the ras oncogene p21 protein in human breast tumors and in
several benign conditions using the y13 259 monoclonal antibody 323
N.J. AGNANTIS, A. PINTZAS, A. KAKKANAS, P. MARKOULATOS, AND D.A. SPARDIDOS
37. Synergistic effect of cell kinetics-directed chemo-endocrine therapy on
experimental mammary tumors 327
HAMAICHI UEKI, AND MICHIO KIMURA
VI. Future directions in the assessment, management, and treatment
of the patient with breast cancer
38. The natural history of human breast cancer: implications for
patient management 333
MAURICE TUBIANA, AND SERGE KOSCIELNY
39. Assessment of treatment in the clinic 349
R.H. THOMLINSON
40. Treatment of metastatic breast cancer as a guide to design of
adjuv;;nt therapy trials 369
TREVOR J. POWLES
41. Problems associated with the assessment of patients with metastatic breast
cancer: can past experience teach us to do better clinical trials? 373
MALCOLM MOORE, AND IAN TANNOCK
42. Preoperative combined modality (neoadjuvant) therapy for locally advanced
inoperable breast cancer (LAIBC) 383
J. RAGAZ, M. MANJI, I. OLIVOTTO, v. BASCO, M. KNOWLING, I.H. PLENDERLEITH, AND
A. WORTH
43. Priorities in cancer control strategies in India 391
P.B. DESAI
44. The epidemiology of breast cancer from an African perspective 401
W.J. GIBSON
Summary: breast cancer in the eighties 405
SECTION ORGANIZERS
SECTION I DR. J. DANYLUK AND DR. W. CASTOR
SECTION II DR. D. W. MORRISH
SECTION III DR. A.M. EDWARDS
SECTION IV DR. D. CHAPMAN
SECTION V DR. A.B. McCARTEN
SECTION VI DR. A.H.G. PATERSON
Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta Hospital and Misericordia Hospital,
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
ix
CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS
ABDI, E.A. BARAL, Edward
Department of Medicine Stockholm-Gotland Oncologic Center
Cross Cancer Institute Karolinska Hospital
11560 University Avenue S-104 01 Stockholm, Sweden
Edmonton, Alberta
T6G lZ2 BERGSTROM, R.
Department of Statistics
Uppsala University
Uppsala, Sweden
AGNANTIS, N.].
Department of Pathology
BRUERA, E.
Hellenic Anticancer Institute
Department of Medicine
Athens, Greece
Cross Cancer Institute
11560 University Avenue
Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2
AL-]AZZAFF, Husain
Kuwait Cancer Control Center BURNS, P.E.
P.O. Box 25907 The Breast Centre
Safat, Kuwait 7121-109 Street
Arabian Gulf Area Edmonton, Alberta
T6B IB9
BAINES, Cornelia]. CASTOR, W.R.
NCIC Epidemiology Unit Department of Radiology
12 Queen's Park Crescent West 11560 University Avenue
Toronto, Ontario Edmonton, Alberta
M5S lAB T6G 1Z2
xi