Table Of ContentOTHER TITLES OF INTEREST FROM ST. LUCIE PRESS
The Insect and Spider Collection of the World, 2nd Edition 
American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico 
Mayflies of the World: A Catalog of the Family and Genus Group Taxa 
Insect Potpourri: Adventures in Entomology 
North American Psocoptera
A Systematic Catalogue of the Soft Scale Insects of the World 
Spiders of Panama 
Insects and Plants
Interrelationships Between Insects and Plants
A Review of the Genera of New World Mymaridae
Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera
A Catalog of the Neotropical Collembola
The Potato Beetles: The Genus Leptinotarsa in North America
F
r u i t
F
ly
P
e s t s
A W ORLD A SSESSM EN T 
OF THEIR BIOLOGY 
AND  MANAGEMENT
Edited by
CRC Press
R riir p  A  M p P h p m n
Taylor & Francis Group 
Boca Raton London New York  U' %  ,  .  _   L ••  I  ^  *  : A
Gary J.  Steck
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First published 1996 by St. Lucie Press
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Dedicated to the Memory of G. Gregor Rohwer 
1915-1994 
Pioneer in Fruit Fly Regulatory Issues
Table of Contents
Contributors Names and Addresses  xi 
Preface  xxi
PLENARY SESSION
Jorge Hendricks  Opening Address ..................................................................................................3
Richard Gaskalla  Welcoming Remarks  ..........................................................................................5
Robert M. Faust  Welcoming Remarks  ...........................................................................................7
Linda Partridge  Keynote Address: Message from  a Non-Pest Fruit Fly  .............................9
PART I. BEHAVIOR
Peter J. Landolt and Sergeo Quilici  Overview of Research on the Behavior of Fruit Flies ... 19
D. H. Headrick and R. D. Goeden  Behaviors of California Fruit Flies and the
Evolution of Tephritid Mating Systems  ..............................................................................27
R. W. Mankin, A. Malavasi, and C. Aquino  Acoustical Comparisons of Calling Songs
from Anastrepha Species in Brazil ...................................................................................... 37
Susan B. Opp, Steven A. Spisak, Aparna Telang, and Sha S. Hammond  Comparative Mating
Systems of Two Rhagoletis Species: The Adaptive Significance of Mate Guarding.......43
Ratana Poramarcom and Visut Baimai  Sexual Behavior and  SignalsU  sed for Mating
of Bactrocera correcta .......................................................................................................... 51
S. Quilici and L. Rivry  Influence of Some Visual Stimuli on the Selection of Oviposition
Site by Ceratitis (Pterandrus) rosa  ........................................................................................59
R. L. Sugayama, A. Malavasi, /. Nora, and E. S. Branco  Ovipositional Responses to Apple
in a Caged Tree by Anastrepha fraterculus in Southern Brazil  ..........................................67
PART II. ATTRACTANTS AND TRAPPING
Eric B. Jang and Douglas M. Light  Olfactory Semiochemicals of Tephritids  ......................... 73
P. E. How se and J. J. Knapp  Pheromones of Mediterranean Fruit Fly: Presumed Mode
of Action and Implications for Improved Trapping Techniques  .........................................91
M. D. Barros and A. Malavasi  Morphology of Adult Male Rectum of Seven Species of
Anastrepha from Brazil and Mating Behavior Correlations ........................................... 101
Ivanildo S. De Lima, Philip E. Howse, and Ian D. R. Stevens  Volatile Components from 
the Salivary Glands of Calling Males of the South American Fruit Fly, Anastrepha
fraterculus: Partial Identification and Behavioral Activity ............................................. 107
Eric B. Jang and Douglas M. Light  Attraction of Female Mediterranean Fruit Flies to 
Identified Components of the Male-Produced Pheromone: Qualitative Aspects of
Major, Intermediate, and Minor Components  .................................................................. 115
Douglas M. Light and Eric B. Jang  Plant Volatiles Evoke and Modulate Tephritid
Behavior  ............................................................................................................................... 123
R. Pereira and J. P. Carvalho  Trap Utilization by Mediterranean Fruit Fly Populations
in Citrus Groves in Portugal  ............................................................................................... 135
Katherine M. Reynolds, Susan B. Opp, Melissa Moen, and Karen Denham
Mark-Recapture Studies of Walnut Husk Flies Attracted to Food-Based Lures  ..........  141
vii
viii  Table of Contents
Keng-Hong Tan and R. Nishida  Sex Pheromone and Mating Competition after Methyl
Eugenol Consumption in the Bactrocera dorsalis Complex  .......................................... 147
PART III. BIOCONTROL OF WEEDS
Charles E. Turner  Tephritidae in the Biological Control of Weeds  ....................................... 157
T L. Woodburn  Reduction of Seed Set in Nodding Thistle (Carduus nutans) by the
Seed-Fly, Urophora solstitialis, in Australia  .................................................................... 165
Charles E. Turner  Tephritid Flies in the Biological Control of Yellow Starthistle...............  171
PART IV. GENETIC SEXING
Ute Willhoeft, Gerald Franz, and Don O. Mclnnis  Towards the Application of Genetic
Sexing in Tephritid Fruit Fly SIT Programs  .....................................................................  179
Gerald Franz, Philippe Kerremans, Pedro Rendon, and Jorge Hendrichs  Development 
and Application of Genetic Sexing Systems for the Mediterranean Fruit Fly Based
on a Temperature Sensitive Lethal  ....................................................................................  185
P. Rendon, G. Franz, and R. J. Wood  Assessment of Irradiation Doses for TSL (Thermal
Sensitive Lethal) Strain Vienna 42 .................................................................................... 193
PART V. GENETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Alan S. Robinson and Antigone Zacharopoulou  Review of Session VI,
Genetics/Biochemistry  ........................................................................................................  199
J. L. Cladera, A. C. Alberti, H. F. Curti, J. C. Vilardi, and B. O. Saidman  Mapping an 
Isozymic Gene Expressed in Pupae with Respect to Adult Markers in Ceratitis
capitata  ..................................................................................................................................205
Marianne Frommer, Alfie Meats, Deirdre Sharkey, Deborah Shearman, John Sved, and 
Catherine Turney  Sequence from Eye Color Genes, Chorion Gene and Mariner
Like Transposable Elements in the Queensland Fruit Fly, Bactrocera tryoni ..............209
Alfred M. Handler and Sheilachu P. Gomez  An Analysis of the hobo Transposable
Element for Gene-Vector Development  ............................................................................221
Susan D. McCombs and Stephen H. Saul  Linkage Analysis of Genetic Markers in the
Oriental Fruit Fly  .................................................................................................................231
Susan D. McCombs, Donald O. Mclnnis, and Stephen H. Saul  Genetic Studies of the
Melon Fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae  .................................................................................... 237
M.  C.  Zapater, C. Banchero, M. Battista, and H. RizzoH  eterosis in Ceratitis capitata ........243
PART VI. SYSTEMATICS
Ian M. White  Fruit Fly Taxonomy: Recent Advancesa nd New Approaches  ..........................253
R. A.Z ucchi, N. M. da Silva, and S. Silveira Neto  Anastrepha Speciesf rom the Brazilian
Amazon: Distribution, Hosts, and Lectotype Designations  ............................................259
PART VII. POPULATION GENETICS
George K. Roderick  Population Genetic Studies of Tephritid Flies of Economic
Importance ............................................................................................................................267
J. S. Mo rg ante, D. Selivon, V. N. Solferini, and A. S. do Nascimento  Genetic and
Morphological Differentiation in the Specialist Species Anastrepha pickeli and
A. montei............................................................................................................................... 273
Rominy N. Stefani and J. S. Morgante  Genetic Variability in Anastrepha pseudoparallela:
A Specialist Species  ............................................................................................................277
George K. Roderick and Francis X. Villabianca  Genetic and Statistical Analysis of
Colonization  .........................................................................................................................281
Table of Contents  ix
G. J. Steck, G. E. Gasparich, H.-Y. Han, B. A. McPheron, and W. S. Sheppard 
Distribution of Mitochondrial DNA Haplotypes Among Ceratitis capitata 
Populations Worldwide .......................................................................................................291
PART VIII. POPULATION DYNAMICS AND IPM
Pablo Liedo and James R. Carey  Demography of Fruit Flies and Implications to Action
Programs ................................................................................................................................299
Martin Aluja  Future Trends in Fruit Fly Management  .............................................................309
Elen de L. Aguilar and Eurfpedes B. Menezes  Population Dynamics of Fruit Flies in
Itaguai County, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. I—Survey of the Species  ..................321
R. da S. Carvalho, A. S. Nascimento, J. S. Morgante, and N. Fonseca  Susceptibility of 
Different Mango Varieties (Mangifera indica) to the Attack of the Fruit Fly,
Anastrepha obliqua  ..............................................................................................................325
Francisco Diaz, Jorge Toledo, Walther Enkerlin, and Juan Hernândez
Cyromazine: Effects on Three Species of Anastrepha  ....................................................333
Michael K. Hennessey Robert J. Knight, Jr., and Raymond J. Schnell  Relative
Resistance of Avocado Germplasm to Caribbean Fruit Fly  ...........................................339
M. T. Graciela Putruele  Hosts for Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha fraterculus in the
Northeastern Province of Entre Rios, Argentina..............................................................343
Janisete Gomes Silva and Aldo Malavasi  Life Cycle of Anastrepha grandis  .......................347
N. M. da Silva, S. Silveira Neto, and R. A. Zucchi  The Natural Host Plants of
Anastrepha in the State of Amazonas, Brazil  ..................................................................353
J. Toledo A. and J. R. Lara V.  Comparison of the Biology of Anastrepha obliqua Reared 
in Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and in Mombin (Spondias mombin) Infested Under 
Field Conditions  ...................................................................................................................359
PART IX. BIOCONTROL
Russell H. Messing  Status and Needs of Biological Control Research for Tephritid
Flies  .......................................................................................................................................365
John M. Sivinski  The Past and Potential of Biological Control of Fruit Flies .......................369
Reed E. Bums, Jose D. Diaz, and Timothy C. Holler  Inundative Release of the Parasitoid 
Diachasmimorpha longicaudata for the Control of the Caribbean Fruit Fly,
Anastrepha suspensa ...........................................................................................................377
PART X. STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE AND SUPPORTING RESEARCH
A. P. Economopoulos  Quality Control and SIT Field Testing with Genetic Sexing
Mediterranean Fruit Fly Males  ...........................................................................................385
Osamu Iwahashi  Problems Encountered During Long-Term SIT Programs in Japan  ..........391
C. O. Calkins, T. R. Ashley, and D. L. Chambers  Implementation of Technical and 
Managerial Systems for Quality Control in Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Ceratitis
capitata) Sterile Release Programs ....................................................................................399
Jorge Hendrichs, Byron Katsoyannos, Klaus Gaggi, and Vivat Womoaypom
Competitive Behavior of Males of Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata,
Genetic Sexing Strain Vienna-42 ........................................................................................ 405
T. Kohama and H. Kuba  Movement of Sterile Melon Flies in Okinawa, Japan  ...................415
Slawomir A. Lux and Klaus Gaggi  Ethological Analysis of Medfly Courtship: Potential
for Quality Control ...............................................................................................................425
A. G. Manoukas  The Influence of Four Phenols on the Olive Fruit Fly.................................433
T. Miyatake  Artificial Selection Experiments in the Melon Fly: The Status Quo and
Problems ...............................................................................................................................437