From the Brain to the Mouth: Acquired Dysarthria and Dysfluency in Adults

187 Pages·1997·12.29 MB·English

by  Y. Lebrun (auth.)

FROM THE BRAIN TO THE MOUTH
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
VOLUME 12
Series Editor:
R. Malatesha Joshi, Oklahoma State University, U.S.A.
Advisory Board:
Alfonso Caramazza, The Johns Hopkins University, U.S.A.
George Hynd, University of Georgia, U.S.A.
C.K. Leong, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
John Marshall, University of Oxford, U.K.
Gabriele Miceli, Universita Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Italy
Loraine Obler, City University ofN ew York, U.S.A.
Sandra Witelson, McMaster University, Canada
The purpose of the Neuropsychology and Cognition series is to bring out volumes
that promote understanding in topics relating brain and behavior. It is intended for
use by both clinicians and research scientists in the fields of neuropsychology,
cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, speech and hearing, as well as education.
Examples of topics to be covered in the series would relate to memory, language
acquisition and breakdown, reading, attention, developing and aging brain. By
addressing the theoretical, empirical, and applied aspects of brain-behavior
relationships, this series will try to present the information in the fields of neuro
psychology and cognition in a coherent manner.
The titles published in this series are listed at the end oft his volume.
From the Brain
to the Mouth
Acquired Dysarthria and Dysfluency
in Adults
Edited by
YvanLebrun
Vrije Universiteit Brussel / Universite Libre de Bruxelles
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A c.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-94-010-6438-5 ISBN 978-94-011-5776-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-5776-6
Printed on acid-free paper
Ali Rights Reserved
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1997
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 1997
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any fonn or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface vii
List of Contributors
lX
INTRODUCTION
Acquired dysarthria and dysfluency in adults
Y. Lebrun 3
DYSARTHRIA
Acoustic analysis of durational speech parameters m neurological
dysarthrias
1. Hertrich, H. Ackermann 11
The importance of dysarthria in differential diagnosis: A case study
p. Coppens, R.R. Robey 49
Repair strategies and consonantal cluster production in Broca's aphasia
J.-L. Nespoulous, N. Moreau 71
Acute neurogenic speechlessness
M Ventura, Ph. Paquier, J. Deleval 81
Slowly progressive dysarthria
H. van Dongen, P. van Doorn, E. Yousef-Bak, J. Poot 99
DYSFLUENCY
Adult-onset stuttering
Y. Lebrun 10 5
Idiopathic stuttering onset in adults
MM Leahy, T. Stewart 139
The differential diagnosis oflate-onset stuttering
J. van Borsel, K. van Lierde, K. Oostra, C. Eeckhaut 153
A case of acquired stuttering following brain damage
H. Bij/eve/d, A.-M. Simon 163
Aggravation or recurrence of pre-existing stuttering following brain
damage suffered in adulthood
J. van Borsel, V. Cappaert 171
Index 185
v
PREFACE
The impetus for the present volume was provided by a European conference
held at St. Martens Latem (Belgium) in September 1994 and sponsered by
the Directorate General XII (Science, Research and Development) of the
European Commission.
Preparation of the volume was also financially supported by the Direc
torate General.
The editor, the contributors and all the participants in the conference are
grateful to the European Commission for the generous help received.
vii
CONTRIBUTORS
Hennann ACKERMANN, Department of Neurology, University of Ttibingen, 3 Hoppe
Seyler-StraBe, 72076 Tiibingen (Gennany).
Henny BIJLEVELD, Philologie Germanique, Faculte de Philosophie et Lettres, Universite
Libre de Bruxelles, 50 avo F. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels (Belgium).
Veronique CAPPAERT, University Hospital Ghent, 2PI Centrum voor Gehoor- en
Spraakrevalidatie, 185 De Pintelaan, 9000 Gent (Belgium).
Patrick COPPENS, Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, Moorhead State University,
Moorhead, MN 56563 (USA).
Jeanine DELEVAL, Department of Neurology, University Hospital 'Erasme', 808 Route
de Lennik, 1070 Brussels (Belgium).
Christine EECKHAUT, University Hospital Ghent, 2PI Centrum voor Gehoor- en
Spraakrevalidatie, 185 De Pintelaan, 9000 Gent (Belgium).
Ingo HERTRICH, Department of Neurology, University of Ttibingen, 3 Hoppe-Seyler
StraBe, 72076 Ttibingen (Gennany).
Margaret LEAHY, Clinical Speech and Language Studies, Trinity College, Dublin 2 (Ire
land).
Yvan LEBRUN, Neurolinguistics Department, School of Medicine VUB, 103 Laar
beeklaan, 1090 Brussels (Belgium).
Nadine MOREAU, Laboratoire de Neuropsycholinguistique Jacques Lordat, Departement
des Sciences du Langage, Universite de Toulouse-Le Mirail, 5 allee A. Machado, 31058
Toulouse Cedex (France).
Jean-Luc NESPOULOUS, Laboratoire de Neuropsycholinguistique Jacques Lordat,
Departement des Sciences du Langage, Universite de Toulouse-Le Mirail, 5 allee A.
Machado, 31058 Toulouse Cedex (France).
Kristien OOSTRA, University Hospital Ghent, 2Pl Centrum voor Gehoor-en Spraakreval
idatie, 185 De Pintelaan, 9000 Gent (Belgium)
Philippe PAQUIER, Department of Neurology, University Hospital 'Erasme', 808 Route
de Lennik, 1070 Brussels (Belgium), and Unit of Applied Neurolinguistics, School of
Medicine VIA, Antwerpen (Belgium).
Janneke POOT, Department of Neurology, EE 2287, University Hospital Dijkzigt, Mole
waterplein 40,3015 GD Rotterdam (The Netherlands).
Randall ROBEY, Communication Disorders Program, University of Virginia, 2205
Fontaine Avenue -Suite 202, Charlottesville, VA 22903 (USA).
Anne-Marie SIMON, Laboratoire de Recherches sur Ie Langage et les Handicaps de la
Communication, Hopital de la Salpetriere, Boulevard de I'H6pital, 75013 Paris (France).
Trudy STEWART, Speech and Language Therapy Department, St. James's University
Hospital, Leeds (U.K.).
ix
x
Hugo van DONGEN, Department of Neurology, EE 2287, University Hospital Dijkzigt,
Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam (The Netherlands).
Pieter van DOORN, Department of Neurology, EE 2287, University Hospital Dijkzigt,
Molewaterplein 40,3015 GD Rotterdam (The Netherlands).
Kristiane van LIERDE, University Hospital Ghent, 2P I Centrum voor Gehoor- en
Spraakrevalidatie, 185 De Pintelaan, 9000 Gent (Belgium).
Manfredi VENTURA, Department of Neurology, University Hospital 'Erasme', 808 Route
de Lennik, 1070 Brussels (Belgium).
John VAN BORSEL, University Hospital Ghent, 2PI Centrum voor Gehoor- en
Spraakrevalidatie, 185 De Pintelaan, 9000 Gent (Belgium).
Ellen YOUSEF-BAK, Department of Neurology, EE 2287, University Hospital Dijkzigt,
Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam (The Netherlands).
INTRODUCTION
Y. LEBRUN
ACQUIRED DYSARTHRIA AND DYSFLUENCY IN ADULTS
In comparison with aphasia, which has been extensively studied during the
last 130 years, dysarthria has attracted relatively little attention. Many more
publications have been devoted to disorders oflanguage than to disorders of
motor speech. Indeed, dysarthria has often been treated as a Cinderella by
language pathologists. Hecaen and Dubois (1971), for instance, excluded
motor speech impainnents from the field ofneurolinguistic research.
Those who did deal with dysarthria frequently contented themselves with
impressionistic descriptions which, though they were sometimes couched
in colourful terms, did little justice to the true nature of the condition. When
Jelgersma (quoted by Lhermitte, 1958, p. 444) stated that the patient with
cerebellar dysarthria tended to chew his words before spitting them out,
he added nothing to our understanding of the disturbance. Indeed it may
even be doubted whether his description was a fair rendition of the verbal
behaviour of patients with cerebellar dysarthria.
Fortunately things have started to change. Disorders affecting the pro
gramming and organisation of phono-articulatory movements attract more
and more attention, and cursory impressionistic descriptions are progres
sively replaced by accurate accounts based on careful examination and
objective measurements.
Yet, many problems remain to be solved. Despite undeniable progress
in the analysis and characterization of the various types of dysarthria, a
large number of questions are still unanswered. New clinical and experi
mental evidence as well as novel and stimulating views are necessary to
improve our knowledge of the pathophysiology of motor speech disorders.
The purpose of the present book is precisely to report fresh observations
and to present provocative thoughts so as to further the understanding of
dysarthria.
Dysarthria may be broadly defined as the inability to correctly form
spoken words and/or to concatenate them fluently. In dysarthric patients
pronunciation is distorted and/or delivery is disrupted. In some patients
only the first disorder is in evidence, in others, only the second. In still
others, the two impairments are simultaneously present.
Not infrequently, the word dysarthria is used restrictively to refer to the
first disturbance only (distorted pronunciation) and the word dysfluency is
applied the second (disrupted delivery). This usage has been adopted in
the present work.
This should not obliterate the fact that dysarthria and dysfluency rep
resent two sides of the same coin. Both of them are motoric disorders of
3
Y. Lebrun (ed.), From the Brain to the Mouth, 3-8.
© 1997 Kluwer Academic Publishers.