From prejudice to persecution: a history of Austrian anti-semitism

926 Pages·1992·3.69 MB·English

by  Bruce F. Pauley

From Prejudice to Persecution : A History
title:
of Austrian Antisemitism
author: Pauley, Bruce F.
publisher: University of North Carolina Press
isbn10 | asin: 0807819956
print isbn13: 9780807819951
ebook isbn13: 9780807863763
language: English
Antisemitism--Austria--History, Jews--
Austria--Politics and government, Austria--
subject
Politics and government--1918-1938,
Austria--Ethnic relations.
publication date: 1992
lcc: DS146.A9P38 1992eb
ddc: 305.892/40436
Antisemitism--Austria--History, Jews--
Austria--Politics and government, Austria--
subject:
Politics and government--1918-1938,
Austria--Ethnic relations.
Page iii
From Prejudice to Persecution
A History of Austrian Anti-Semitism
Bruce F. Pauley
© 1992 The University of North Carolina Press
All rights reserved
Manufactured in the United States of America
The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the
Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on
Library Resources.
95 94 93 92 91 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Pauley, Bruce F.
From prejudice to persecution : a history of Austrian anti-
semitism / by Bruce F. Pauley.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8078-1995-6 (alk. paper)
1. AntisemitismAustriaHistory. 2. JewsAustriaPolitics and government. 3. Austria
Politics and government19181938. 4. AustriaEthnic relations. I. Title.
DS146.A9P38 1991
305.892'40436dc20 91-50249
CIP
Page v
Dedicated to the memory of
IRENE HARAND
"I fight anti-Semitism because
it maligns our Christendom"
Page vii
CONTENTS
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xxi
Abbreviations xxv
A Note on Terminology xxvii
Chapter 1. The Eternal Scapegoat 1
Allegations Traditional and Modern 2
The Myth of Jewish World Domination 7
Part I. Anti-Semitism in the Austrian Empire 11
Chapter 2. The Historical Roots 13
Austrian Jews from the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth 13
Century
Reform and Reaction: Austrian Jews from Joseph II to 17
1848
The Revolutions of 18481849 20
Franz Joseph and the Jews 22
Jewish Demography, 18481914 23
The Outlook in 1880 25
Chapter 3. Anti-Semitism in Fin-de-Siècle Austria 27
The Origins of Racism and Political Anti-Semitism in 28
Germany
Academic Anti-Semitism in Austria before the First 30
World War
Georg von Schönerer and Racial Anti-Semitism 35
The Origins of Catholic Political Anti-Semitism 38
Chapter 4. Austria's Jews on the Eve of the Great War 45
The Apparent Decline in Austrian Anti-Semitism, 45
18971914
Page viii
The Beginnings of Jewish Self-Defense 49
The Rise of Jewish Nationalism and Zionism in Austria 53
Conversions, Intermarriage, and the Declining Sense of 57
Jewish Identity
The Outlook in 1914 59
Chapter 5. A World Collapses 61
Jewish Support for the War 61
Jewish Soldiers in the First World War 62
The Flight of the Galician Jews 65
Jewish Refugees, Wartime Shortages, and Profiteering, 69
Real and Imagined
Part II. Anti-Semitism in the Democratic Era 73
Chapter 6. Revolution and Retribution 75
The Jewish Identity Crisis and Left-Wing Politics 75
Postwar Political and Economic Crises 79
Anti-Semitic Demonstrations and 81
Counterdemonstrations, 19181923
Demands for Expulsion or Internment of Galician 83
Refugees
The Option Question 86
Chapter 7. Academic Anti-Semitism in the Early Postwar 89
Years
Jewish Enrollment at Austrian Universities and Middle 89
Schools
The Deutsche Studentenschaft and Demands for a 92
Numerus Clausus
Anti-Semitic Violence at Austrian Universities 96
The Influence of Austrian Academic Anti-Semitism on 99
Germany
The Decline of Anti-Semitism in 1924 100
Chapter 8. Assassination and Intimidation 102
The Assassination of Hugo Bettauer 102
Zionism and the Austrian Anti-Semites 106
The XIVth World Zionist Congress 108
Anti-Zionist Demonstrations 110
Page ix
Chapter 9. Segregation and Renewed Violence 117
Private Clubs 117
The Continuation of Academic Anti-Semitism, 121
19251932
The Creation of Student "Nations" 125
An End to Academic Violence?: Jewish and American 127
Protests
Part III. The Varieties of Austrian Anti-Semitism 131
Chapter 10. The Marxists 133
Marx, Engels, and the "Jewish Question" 133
The Appeal of Socialism for Austrian Jews 138
Marxist Attacks on "Jewish Capitalism" 140
Anti-Semites and the Social Democratic Party 145
Chapter 11. The Roman Catholics 150
Traditional Catholic Anti-Judaism 151
The Postwar Christian Social Party 156
Leopold Kunschak and the Extreme Catholic Anti- 158
Semites
The Moderate Anti-Semite: Ignaz Seipel 163
Emmerich Czermak and the Pro-Zionists 164
Roman Catholics and Nazi Anti-Semitism 168
Chapter 12. The Minor Political Parties and Movements 174