Table Of ContentFrom
C lerks to Corpora
essays on the english language yesterday and today
Editors:
Philip Shaw
Britt Erman
Gunnel Melchers
Peter Sundkvist
From Clerks to Corpora: essays on the
English language yesterday and today
Philip Shaw, Britt Erman,
Gunnel Melchers & Peter Sundkvist
Essays in honour of Nils-Lennart Johannesson
Stockholm English Studies 2
Editorial Board
Claudia Egerer, Associate Professor, Department of English, Stockholm University
Stefan Helgesson, Professor, Department of English, Stockholm University
Nils-Lennart Johannesson, Professor, Department of English, Stockholm University
Maria Kuteeva, Professor, Department of English, Stockholm University
Nils-Lennart Johannesson is normally a member of the Editorial Board for the
Stockholm English Studies book series. He has however not been involved in the
editorial process of this publication.
Published by
Stockholm University Press
Stockholm University
SE-106 91 Stockholm
Sweden
www.stockholmuniversitypress.se
Text © The Authors License CC-BY
Supporting Agencies (funding): Department of English, Stockholm University
First published 2015
Cover Illustration: MS Wellcome 537, f. 15r.
Reproduced by permission of © Wellcome Library, London.
Cover designed by Karl Edqvist, SUP
Stockholm English Studies (Online) ISSN: 2002-0163
ISBN (Hardback): 978-91-7635-004-1 ISBN (PDF): 978-91-7635-005-8
ISBN (EPUB): 978-91-7635-006-5 ISBN (Kindle): 978-91-7635-007-2
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/sup.bab
Erratum: 2 weeks after publication the following text was added to the title page
of chapter 20 (p367): ’Based on an unfinished manuscript, posthumously edited by
Cecilia Ovesdotter Alm.’
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Suggested citation:
Shaw, P., Erman, B., Melchers, G. and Sundkvist, P. (eds) 2015. From Clerks to
Corpora: essays on the English language yesterday and today. Stockholm: Stockholm
University Press. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/sup.bab
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Stockholm English Studies
Stockholm English Studies (SES) is a peer-reviewed series of monographs and
edited volumes published by Stockholm University Press. SES strives to provide a
broad forum for research on English language and literature from all periods. In
terms of subjects and methods, the orientation is also wide: language structure,
variation, and meaning, both spoken and written language in all genres, as well as
literary scholarship in a broad sense. It is the ambition of SES to place equally high
demands on the academic quality of the manuscripts it accepts as those applied by
refereed international journals and academic publishers of a similar orientation.
Titles in the series
1. Begam, R. and Soderholm, J. 2015. Platonic Occasions: Dialogues on
Literature, Art and Culture. Stockholm: Stockholm University Press. DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/sup.baa
2. Shaw, P., Erman, B., Melchers, G. and Sundkvist, P. (eds) 2015. From Clerks
to Corpora: essays on the English language yesterday and today. Stockholm:
Stockholm University Press. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/sup.bab
Contents
Acknowledgments vii
Introduction ix
A Personal Tribute to Nils-Lennart Johannesson xiii
Sydney Lamb
—
1 T he Middle English Development of Old English y and
Lengthened y: Spelling Evidence 1
Gjertrud F. Stenbrenden
2 L inguistic Mysteries Around the North Sea 17
Östen Dahl
3 T he Late Middle English Version of Practica Urinarum in London,
Wellcome Library, MS 537 (ff. 15r-40v) 35
Javier Calle-Martín
4 I s Plant Species Identification Possible
in Middle English Herbals? 53
David Moreno Olalla
5 T he Periphrastic Subjunctive in the Old English Multiple Glosses to
the Lindisfarne Gospels 71
Marcelle Cole
6 O n the Place-Name Isle of Dogs 87
Laura Wright
7 E nglish Genres in Diachronic Corpus Linguistics 117
Erik Smitterberg & Merja Kytö
8 Here is an Old Mastiffe Bitch Ø Stands Barking at Mee: Zero Subject
Relativizers in Early Modern English (T)here-Constructions 135
Gunnel Tottie & Christine Johansson
9 “ Norfolk People Know Best”: On the Written Representation
of Accents as Performed and Perceived by ‘Insiders’ and
‘Outsiders’ 155
Gunnel Melchers
vi Contents
10 Sublime Caledonia: Description, Narration and Evaluation in
Nineteenth-Century Texts on Scotland 177
Marina Dossena
11 The Development of Attitudes to Foreign Languages as Shown in
the English Novel 193
Philip Shaw
12 “Mythonomer”: Tolkien on Myth in His Scholarly Work 215
Maria Kuteeva
13 Reflections on Tolkien’s Use of Beowulf 229
Arne Zettersten
14 Commentators and Corpora: Evidence about Markers of
Formality 239
David Minugh
15 Recent Changes in the Modal Area of Necessity
and Obligation – A Contrastive Perspective 267
Karin Aijmer
16 Motion to and Motion through: Evidence from a Multilingual
Corpus 285
Thomas Egan
17 Using the World Wide Web to Research Spoken Varieties of
English: The Case of Pulmonic Ingressive Speech 303
Peter Sundkvist
18 Another Look at Preposition Stranding: English and Swedish
Discourse Patterns 323
Francesco-Alessio Ursini
19 There is Nothing Like Native Speech: A Comparison of Native and
Very Advanced Non-Native Speech 349
Britt Erman & Margareta Lewis
20 “Bachelor Means Nothing Without Husband and Father”: What
Collocations Reveal about a Cognitive Category 367
Christina Alm-Arvius (1945–2013)
About the Authors 387
Acknowledgements
We are grateful, first of all, to the Department of English, Stockholm
University for generously sponsoring this publication. We are also
grateful to many people for help and advice: to Christina Lenz for
prompt and friendly advice throughout the publication process; to
David Minugh for help with proof-reading; and to Ingrid Westin for
knowledge and help. We are also grateful to all those who attended and
presented at the symposium for Nils-Lennart in February 2013 and to
all our contributors.
Introduction
This volume reports studies of English past and present, all based on
empirical work and illumined by a variety of theoretical and methodical
approaches. Its range and eclecticism makes it a fitting tribute to Nils-
Lennart Johannesson, Professor of English Linguistics, Department of
English, Stockholm University, on the occasion of his 67th birthday. In
addition to knowing him as a wise and supportive colleague, we have
all experienced him as a dedicated teacher and some of us even as a
brilliant fellow-student.
Nils-Lennart first came to our department in the late 1960s as an
undergraduate student. After proceeding quickly through the under-
graduate as well as the graduate courses, and having spent a fruit-
ful period of study at Yale University under the wings of Professor
Sydney Lamb, he was ready to present his doctoral dissertation, The
English Modal Auxiliaries: A Stratificational Account, in 1976. After
a brief period as Research Fellow at Lund University, he returned to
our department in 1978, first as Research Fellow, then as Docent and
Senior Lecturer. In 1991 he left the department for the University of
Trondheim, where he served as Professor of English Linguistics for
almost a decade. In the year 2000 he returned to Stockholm, having
been appointed to the Chair at our department in succession to Magnus
Ljung.
It is a daunting task to describe Nils-Lennart’s multi-faceted contri-
butions to the department: as a distinguished and productive scholar,
committed teacher, organizer of symposia, editor, administrator, and
mentor to students as well as colleagues. The following text does not
presume to do justice to his complete oeuvre and achievement.
His scholarly work has above all been concerned with historical lin-
guistics, culminating in a passionate, long-standing commitment to the
Middle English twelfth century homily collection Orrmulum, written
by the Augustinian canon Orm from Lincolnshire. The ultimate aim of
Nils-Lennart’s research on Orrmulum is the production of a new text
edition, based on a new transcription of the existing manuscripts. Since
