Table Of ContentHARVARD UNIVERSITY
GraduatSec hool ofA rtsa ndS ciences
DISSERTATION ACCEPTANCE CERTIFICATE
Theu ndersiganpepdo,i ntbeytd h e
DepartmeonfSt a nskraintdI ndiSatnu dies
havee xaminead d issertaetnitoint led
FroBmo dhtgLoah yaatsB oae ijiTnhLgei: af neTd i moefs
Sari(pc3u.351t-r1a42L 6a)As,bt b ooBfto dhgaya
presentbeyAd rt huPrh ilMicpK eown
candidaftoetr h ed egreoefD octoorfP hilosoapnhdyh ereby
certtihfayit ti sw orthyo fa cceptance.
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ProfP.a rimGa.lP atil
Typenda me:
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ProfL.a wrenceM cCrea
Typenda me: J.
DateA:p ril
29,2 010
FroBmo dhgatyoLa h asaB etioj ing:
TheL ifaen dT imeosf Sarip(uct.r1a3 35-1426),
LasAtb bootfB odhgaya
A disserttiaopnr esented
by
ArthPuhri lMicpK eown
to
TheD epartomfeS natn saknrIdin td iSatnu dies
inp artfiulafill lmoeftn hrtee quirements
fort hdee groefe
DoctoofPr h ilosophy
int he subject of
Sanskrit aSntdu dIinedsi an
HarvaUrndi versity
CambirdgMea,s sachusetts
May2,01 0
ArthPuhrpi M lciKeown
© 2010,
Alrli ghts dr.e serve
AdvisLoero:n aWr.dJv .a dne Kru ijp ArthPuhri MlciKpe own
FroBmo dhgata oyL hatsoaB eijing:
TheL iefa nd TiomfSeasr ip(uc1tr.33a5 -2164)La,s Atb bootfB odhgaya
ABSTRACT
Thet emrinsau ntqeu efmo Irn diBaund dshmii sco mmonlyt obh ete hled
mi-dthirtceeennt.tuT hrh yisst uddeym otnrsattheatsth s pi ositiisno onl ongteebrnl ae
byp rovidingd ettlhaeeeid x fIrasmti noaftt ihloein of fet hfIeft eenctehn tIunrdyi an
BuddhmiosntkS ,a rip(u1t33r5a4- 216t)h,r obuigohg rcaaphlhi,is toarnimdca atle,r ial
evidencet rvaoeflfr soh mi sI tnhdoriuagN he paanld T ibaentfId,n allyt ot hMei ng
Impreicaolu rt.
Thidsis serttiaoann alySzaersi puTtirbaea'tnsaCd nh inbeisroepag hiwehsi,c h
portsrtaaiyrn tgdllifyef repnetr soens-a florimtt iheet hicoabslelryva abnbtoo ft
Vajratsota hntearn asgresnsaitvhea,- intflauneitnkrIcane.bd o trho lhees ,
reconstBiutdudthseiydss tt oefmm sea niinnIg n danidag ,a rnered royal patronage
wherevterrva ehleeO dn.eo ft hmea jmoert dhoololgp ircoablweimtwshh icthhsi
stugdrypa plietssh peo ssiobfih larivteys htiisntgo roircmatali ofrinon mlf iterary
socuers.
A clocsoend seiratoifSo arni pustl reipa fr'o viawd iensd ionwtfI oft eenth
centBuurdyd shmi Iinnd Nieap,a Tli,b aentCd,h inrae,v etahlfesas cinatthiaotn
BuddhIinsdtsi taei xlelr ftoret dhs eec ournitwehsi chha ld argsetloyp trpaeevdl ing
threeT.h e tshiawttie e lpdaetrdi cuilnatref roreb sottI hn diaannnd o n-Indian
Buddshtwisa st hleo cus Boufd dath'hAsew aken-ianngtd h cee ntoeftr hB eu ddhist
iii
wor-ldV ajraIsnma annay. respects, Saripufortrmah 'isis n itniflmuaetne ce derives
relatiwointVshah jirpa sana.
Thisst utdhye orredefe motnrsantoeotsn ltyh aItn diBaund dshmsi urvived
intthoefi fteenth acnebdne tyuorbnyud at,l sroev sew ahlaitlt o okleidtk oeo ne
witsnsae nhdi msa niyn terolrosBc.uu dtdhwiassum n qsuteionoantb hlweya nbeu,t
thsdi eclwianspe u nctubaymt oemde notfrs e viavnardle ctointsountW.ii th records
litkheo pseer tationS ianrgi pnuetwar vae,n oufers e seaarracevh la aibilnetI on dian
Budhdiisntt cetriawointsth h eMiurs lciomu nterBpuadrdthesix,si ltli et eraantdu re,
moreS.a ripeumtrbao dbioetBshu ddshmi'ssu rvaisva na olr mapthiivleo sophical
trdaitaisow ne lalsi tpso wetro innaonvadad taep t.
iv
TabolfCe o tnents
Ackwnloedgementvsi ii
LiosAft b ebvriationxsi
LiosFfgti u res xii
IntroodnTu:hc Ietm iportoafSn acrei putra 1
........................................................................
ParITt:h Tei mTehsFe:it feenCtethnu raynt dh Cei rcuolfaotBdihogn.a .y.a. ..4.9. ........
ChapOtneeVrj:a r asianSn oau thAesa.is.at.. .....................5.7. .............................................
ChapTtweorM: a habiodnBhe jiii nTghE:ex empCleanryti enr China 111
......................
PaIrtTI h:Le ie f 173
.....................................................................................................................
ChapTtherrAe C eo:m ptleOelryd inBoaigrrya .p.h.y. ................1..8..7.. ..............................
ChapFtoeuTrrh :Ee s otBeoirgirca. p.h.y. ....................................2..4..5.. ...............................
ChapFtievTreh L:ei ngeeBa iogyr. a..p..h.....................................3...3.1... ........ .....................
PaIrtI I:
ChapStieHxri: s toTrriac.ca.el.s . ...............................................3...5...2... ............ ...................
EpoigluDeo:eS sap ruitMraat ter? . 396
....................................................................................
AppenEddiixt:ai noTdnr sa nslation.s .409
.............................................................................
Appen1d.Ti1rx:a nsloafTth Cieoo mnp lBeoigtrea .p.h.y. ...............4..1...1.. .................... ....
AppenId.DiIix1p :la toEimdci toiTfoh nCe o mplBeoitgera phy .427
...................................
Appen1d1iT.xr1 a nsloafTt hSieoe rnce to gBriaphy . .447
...................................................
Appen1d1iD.xi1 p1l omaticTh SEeed ciBrtiegiotro anp hoyf . .465
......................................
AppenIdIITiI rx.a nslaTthRieoo snoa Jforye f w els .485
.........................................................
Transloaftt hBieoio gnr aopfh yG prara gichsne n .493
.........................................
v
Appen1d1iD1x.il 1po1m aEtdiicto ifTo hRneo soaJfrye wels .498
............................................
DiploEmdaittioicfto h Bnei roagpohfGyr apgars i n .c.h.e.n. ..5.1.0. ....................
AppenIdVi:x S TihdeBd ihgoara p.h..i..e...s... ...............................5...41.. .............................. .
AppenIdVTi.rxI a nsloaftt hBieoio gnr aopfh yV in1.p.a.k.�..a.. ............5....1...8.. ..............
Transloatfth Bieio ronag pohfGyo raknatha 525
.....................................................
Transloaftt hBieio ronag pohfGyo laetnha 529
........................................................
AppenIdViD.xiI opIml atEidci toitfoh Bneoi graopfVhiyr iip.a.k.�...a... ....5..3..1.. ..........
DiploEmdaittioicfto hBneoi graopfGh oykr naatha .537
.......................................
DiploEmdaittioictfo h Bneoi graopfh yeG noaltha 541
...........................................
Biliboghrya p 543
...........................................................................................................................
vi
Fomryp arents
vii
Acknowledgements
Iitas g repalates utroae c knowtlhecedno gtert iibouonftsh m ea npye ople
whoi nfluencsehda pteh deoi fs stehriatsswa etalislmo y no ,w ns chroslhaip.I First,
would tlhiaktnehk oe tn woeh oh apse rhianpflsu etnhcweea dyI thaibnoukt
Tibetteaxnat nsd, how hTiisybts eohtroabunles d t udmioertde,h aanno yt her,
Leonvaardnde rj pKDu.ui rimnytg i maet Harvhaahrsed l,p heed me
tremendbooutpshel ryas,lo alnnyid n teecltluaElslpyel.cld iyu aritnhlgea fswet
yeaarsws e,w orketdh aionsnod t hperjroe cttosg etiwhtae asr , d elisgeaher t e atlo
schoilnaa crt iIontnh .een Idh ,o pseo moefh is taasapl henitli osrltuo begbdo ff.I
also thGaynakt fJsohaoren re ts ueppspeocridtau,ilr nlmgyy fi ryseta irntsh e
doctporroaglr Sahme. f hsoatse mryet dh eortehtiincokanil n Tgi bet, and always
triteomd a kmee s ee thpei cltaIurhtrga eebs.re earn e haoln ohra vteo worked
witbho tohft hessceh oolTfai rb Weitt.ht to hueciorm pelnetmasrtyr entghtihss ,
disserwtoautnliedov hnea rvc eo mteof rtuiioIwn o.u ldl iatklotes h oa Pnakr imal
Patmiyfl ri,sS ta nstkeraictfh roeh riu,sn stiennttihnugsf roit ahspimrsj o ecatn,d
thmea nlyo ndgi sscsuiwoens sh aroentd hw ei dsew aotnhB uddhhsiitsotLr ayr.r y
McCrheaaas l bseoe agn r eat osfho eulrpc eei xnp lmoyro afSt asinkorlnii rtta erteu.
Higse nergouuisd anwcete r aanss tlhaBeto edgdha yian scrispettthi seot nafsgo er
myt hinokfwi hnaglt a Btued dhiinBso mhd gamyiag hhatv leo okleidk e.
Durimnyyg e aartL anzush'X oibMeiin Dzaux auseaF LAsSc ho(l2a0r0I 5 -6),
hatdh geo ofdro tutnoe wwoirtmkha ngyr eTaitb estcahno lPaardsm.a cdhbeann g
waess pelclhyie aluplaf npde rsevaeswr edi insgc uTsisbeehdtsi atnoa rnyrd e ad
viii
throsuogmhoe ft hbei ograIpnh ideiss.wc iutsthsh ieosnes sTcihboeItlf arainsr ts ,
unedrsttohioemd p atchptir sjo emcitg hhatv feros chaorlcliyr icnTli ebsDe pta.l
riSsa nrggsy waasas p atiteenatco hfte hmrea nvya rioeTfti ibeesht aannd writing,
thlee aronfwi hnigc hi nwvaasl huealibpndl eec iphtehremisaneng u scIr ipts.
wouelsdp ellclyii atkote h ankl itbhrnea trohifTea i betan msaencutosiftco hrnei pt
XibMeiin zu fDroao xcucoean sainloldyd oiffnw;gi thtohuaitss s isIt amnicgeh t
nevhearvb ee eanb tloep hotogsroamcperh i tmiacnauls cripts.
Iw oualldls iotk ote h atnhkce o lleocfTtiiboent oilnNo egpifasroltt hse ir
suppaonradts sistanpcrjeoe wcihtni Ilwt eaht sih sea rsaeF ulbrflielgoh(wt2 008-
9)e,s pellcHyiu abeDretc lPeeetMreo,rr aAnl,b rHeecihnti asnccdhh r,i stoph
Cueppoeftr hLseu mbIinnrtine atiRoensaelIa nrsctthei .t u
Maynp eophalvee bgereehna etolw fph i altHe a rvaMridc.hW aietlaz nedl
AnnMeo nihuasvb ee ecno nsatnagdne tn ersoouusro cfie nsf otrimoDani.aE ncak
influemnect erde moeunsdalsayt eacLhielrHi.aa nnd hlaibsne eunna filiinhn egr
suppaonrudtn flagignhi engrge netryao sss hiaen swemryqe ueds tiaobnosu t
Burmheistseo rayn,rd e atdh rotuhgwehh otlhee wsiitashn e yteos y tlew eaalssl
contWeinltl.T ioadamdn Sdt evCeantd oenv elmoypt ehde ortehtiincakabilon ugt
launaggaen nda rraatniwdve ers,eu ppoorfet vievmneym oruen supportable
theorcenotsitcraoulnc sMt.ii chaela nJdSazmoRenosib ewseorne eknionutdgo h
refimnyeu nderstoafn dCihiningns ecsrei Mpyt itohnasn.gk ots oY uaklos o
Kagyeama-HWuannltg,a oasnhdi t,ahe lexl p ert ilsantnrguucwathgooe r s
intromdeut coCe hdi naensJdea panweistehw,oh uitc hp rjtoehwciostu nlodbt e
haolff wihitas Itw. o udl allistkoote h aJnaknG er aiynt h Sea nsDkerapirtt ment
ix
Description:Dissertation. Harvard University, May, 2010
