Table Of Contentcover next page >
FRAME RELAY NETWORKS
title : Frame Relay Networks : Specifications and
Implementations
author : Black, Uyless D.
publisher : McGraw-Hill Professional
isbn10 | asin : 0070068909
print isbn13 : 9780070068902
ebook isbn13 : 9780072127874
language : English
subject Frame relay (Data transmission)
publication date : 1998
lcc : TK5105.38.B56 1998eb
ddc : 004.6/6
subject : Frame relay (Data transmission)
cover next page >
If you like this book, buy it!
< previous page cover-0 next page >
SIGNATURE SERIES
Bates, Regis J. "Bud" and Gregory, Donald: Voice and Data Communications Handbook, Signature Edition 0-07-
006396-6
Feit, Sidnie: TCP/IP, Signature Edition 0-07-022069-7 Kessler, Gary and Southwick, Peter: ISDN, Signature Edition 0-
07-034437-X
Kumar, Balaji: Broadband Communications, Signature Edition 0-07-038293-X
McDysan, David and Spohn, Darren: ATM Theory and Application, 0-07-045346-2
Naugle, Matthew: Network Protocol Handbook, Signature Edition 0-07-046603-3
< previous page cover-0 next page >
If you like this book, buy it!
< previous page page_iii next page >
Page iii
Frame Relay
Networks
Specifications and
Implementations
Uyless Black
Signature Edition
McGraw-Hill
• •
New York San Francisco Washington, D.C.
• • • •
Auckland Bogotá Caracas Lisbon London
• • • •
Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi
• • • •
San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto
< previous page page_iii next page >
If you like this book, buy it!
< previous page page_iv next page >
Page iv
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Black, Uyless D
Frame relay networks : specifications and implementations /
Uyless
Black.-Signature ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-07-006890-9
1. Frame relay (Data transmission) I. Title.
TK5105.38.B56 1998
004.6'6-dc21
98-33582
CIP
McGraw-Hill
A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies
Copyright © 1998 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under
the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in
a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DOC/DOC 9 0 3 2 1 0 9 8
ISBN 0-07-006890-9
The sponsoring editor for this book was Steven Elliot, the editing supervisor was Curt Berkowitz, and the production supervisor was Claire
Stanley. It was set in Vendome ICG by Priscilla Beer of McGraw-Hill's Professional Book Group composition unit in cooperation with Spring
Point Publishing Services.
Printed and bound by R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company.
McGraw-Hill books are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training
programs. For more information, please write to the Director of Special Sales, McGraw-Hill, 11 West 19th Street, New York, NY 10011. Or
contact your local bookstore.
Information contained in this work has been obtained by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ("McGraw-Hill") from sources believed to
be reliable. However, neither McGraw-Hill nor its authors guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein
and neither McGraw-Hill nor its authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages arising out of use of this information.
This work is published with the understanding that McGraw-Hill and its authors are supplying information, but are not attempting to
render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be
sought.
This book is printed on recycled, acid-free paper containing a minimum of 50% recycled, de-inked fiber.
< previous page page_iv next page >
If you like this book, buy it!
< previous page page_iv-0 next page >
This book is dedicated to
Paul Kositzka
a fine accountant, and a fine friend
< previous page page_iv-0 next page >
If you like this book, buy it!
< previous page page_vii next page >
Page vii
CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Chapter Introduction to Frame Relay 1
1 Networks
Predictions of Frame Relay Use 2
Communications Infrastructure 3
Frame Relays Approach to Capacity and Intelligence Problems 7
Frame Relay and Voice Traffic 9
Frame Relay: An Evolutionary Technology 10
Frame Relay: A Dead-End Technology? 10
Reasons for the Use of Frame Relay 11
Comparison of Local and Wide Area Networks 12
The Network "Bottleneck" 13
A Standardized Interface 15
Genesis of Frame Relay 16
Frame Relay vs. Leased Lines 19
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) with Frame Relay 26
Frame Relay Virtual Circuits 27
Guidelines to the Frame Relay Specifications and the Organization of This Book 29
Summary 30
Chapter The OSI and Internet Protocols 33
2
Layer Operations 34
The OSI-Based Protocols 47
The Internet Protocols 52
Frame Relay's Relationship to a Layered Model 59
Summary 60
Chapter What a Frame Relay System Does and Doesn't Do 61
3
Distinction Between a Frame, Packet, Datagram, and Other Data 62
Units
< previous page page_vii next page >
If you like this book, buy it!
< previous page page_viii next page >
Page viii
Operations of a Conventional Data Link Protocol 63
Operations of the Data Link Layer with Frame Relay 69
Tradeoffs of Link-by-Link vs. End-to-End Error Recovery 71
Layer 2 Requirements Cited by ITU-T 0.921 and ANSI T .602 75
A Typical Frame Relay Configuration 76
Summary 77
Chapter 4 Basics of ISDN 79
Rationale for ISDN 80
The ISDN Layers 81
The ISDN Terminal 82
Layer 2 of ISDN 84
Layer 3 of ISDN (0.931) 86
Example of an ISDN Call 90
Relationship Between Frame Relay and ISDN 91
Summary 92
Chapter 5 Basics of X.25 93
Why X.25 Was Developed 94
Assumptions Made by the X.25 Designers 94
Assumptions Made by the Frame Relay Designers 95
The X.25 Layers 95
X.25 Data Link Layer Operations 96
X.25 Network Layer Operations 97
X.25 Packets 100
X.25 States, Error Handling, and the Frame Relay Approach 102
X.25 Facilities and the Frame Relay Approach 103
Comparison of X.25 Operations to Frame Relay Operations 103
Joint Use of X.25 and Frame Relay? 106
Summary 107
Chapter 6 Basic Operations of Frame Relay 109
Frame Relay: Connection Services and Data Management 110
Congestion Control 113
< previous page page_viii next page >
If you like this book, buy it!
< previous page page_ix next page >
Page ix
Major Frame Relay Operations 115
The Frame Relay Frame 116
DLCI Interpretations 119
Multicasting 122
Summary 125
Chapter 7 Service Description 127
Frame Relay and the C-, U-, and M-Planes 128
Frame Relay User-to-Network Interface Architecture 129
Service Attributes 131
Performance Criteria 133
Recommendation 1.464 on Multiplexing, Rate Adaptation, and Interfaces for 64-kbps Transfer Capability 133
The OSI Architecture and Frame Relay 135
Summary 138
Chapter 8 Core Aspects of Frame Relay 141
The Five Core Functions 142
Frame Relay Frame Formats 142
Congestion Control Management 144
Summary 153
Chapter 9 Traffic Management 155
Recommendation 1.370 for Congestion Management 156
Performance Criteria 158
Using the CIR, Bc, and Be for Traffic Management 162
Congestion, Throughput, and Delay 166
Approaches to Frame Relay Data and Congestion Management 172
Summary 184
