Fracture, Fatigue, Failure, and Damage Evolution, Volume 5: Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics

249 Pages·2015·17.78 MB·English

by  Jay Carroll

Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series
Jay Carroll · Samantha Daly Editors
Fracture, Fatigue,
Failure, and Damage
Evolution, Volume 5
Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental
and Applied Mechanics
Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series
SeriesEditor
TomProulx
SocietyforExperimentalMechanics,Inc.,
Bethel,CT,USA
Forfurthervolumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/8922

Jay Carroll • Samantha Daly
Editors
Fracture, Fatigue, Failure, and Damage
Evolution, Volume 5
Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental
and Applied Mechanics
123
Editors
JayCarroll SamanthaDaly
SandiaNationalLaboratories UniversityofMichigan
Albuquerque,NM,USA AnnArbor,MI,USA
ISSN2191-5644 ISSN2191-5652(electronic)
ISBN978-3-319-06976-0 ISBN978-3-319-06977-7(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-06977-7
SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
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©TheSocietyforExperimentalMechanics,Inc.2015
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Preface
Fracture,Fatigue,FailureandDamageEvolution,Volume5:Proceedingsofthe2014AnnualConferenceonExperimental
andAppliedMechanicsrepresentsoneofeightvolumesoftechnicalpaperspresentedatthe2014SEMAnnualConference
& Expositionon Experimentaland AppliedMechanicsorganizedby the Society forExperimentalMechanicsand held in
Greenville, SC, June 2–5, 2014. The complete Proceedings also includes volumes on: Dynamic Behavior of Materials;
Challenges in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials; Advancement of Optical Methods in Experimental Mechanics;
Mechanics of Biological Systems and Materials; MEMS and Nanotechnology; Experimental Mechanics of Composite,
Hybrid,andMultifunctionalMaterials;ExperimentalandAppliedMechanics.
Eachcollectionpresentsearlyfindingsfromexperimentalandcomputationalinvestigationsonanimportantareawithin
ExperimentalMechanics,FractureandFatiguebeingoneoftheseareas.
Fatigueandfracturearetwoofthemostcriticalconsiderationsinengineeringdesign.Understandingandcharacterizing
fatigueandfracturehasremainedasoneoftheprimaryfocusareasofexperimentalmechanicsforseveraldecades.Advances
inexperimentaltechniques,suchasdigitalimagecorrelation,acousticemissions,andelectronmicroscopy,haveallowedfor
deeper study of phenomena related to fatigue and fracture. This volume contains the results of investigations of several
aspects of fatigue and fracture such as microstructuraleffects, the behavior of interfaces, the behavior of differentand/or
complex materials such as composites, and environmentaland loading effects. The collection of experimentalmechanics
researchincludedhererepresentsanothersteptowardsolvingthelong-termchallengesassociatedwithfatigueandfracture.
Albuquerque,NM,USA JayD.Carroll
AnnArbor,MI,USA SamanthaH.Daly
v

Contents
1 SimulationofArbitraryMixed-ModeCrackGrowthUsinganEnergy-BasedApproach...................... 1
B.R.Davis,P.A.Wawrzynek,andA.R.Ingraffea
2 ExperimentalandPredictedCrackPathsforAl-2024-T351UnderMixed-ModeI/IIFatigue................. 11
E.E.Miller,M.A.Sutton,X.Deng,H.Watts,A.P.Reynolds,X.Ke,andH.W.Schreier
3 OnNumericalEvaluationofMixedModeCrackPropagationCouplingMechanicalandThermal
LoadsinWoodMaterial................................................................................................ 21
HassenRiahi,RostandMoutouPitti,FrédéricDubois,andEricFournely
4 CurvilinearFatigueCrackGrowthUnderOut-of-PhaseLoadingConditions................................... 27
XiaominDeng,XiaodanKe,MichaelA.Sutton,HaywoodS.Watts,andHubertW.Schreier
5 FractureSurfaceTransitionforNotchedBarsinTorsion .......................................................... 35
AlanT.ZehnderandNatashaZella
6 MixedModeEvaluationofDifferentGrindingDepthsinFRPCRepairs ........................................ 41
T.S.ChawlaandM.N.Cavalli
7 ThroughThicknessFractureBehaviorofTransverselyGradedTi/TiBMaterial ............................... 51
BehradKoohbor,SilasMallon,andAddisKidane
8 CoalescenceandGrowthofTwoSemi-EllipticalCoplanarCracksinAPI-5LGradeBSteel.................. 57
AbdallahAlTamimiandMohammadModarres
9 MeasurementofCrackTipDisplacementFieldinDesiccatingPaste ............................................. 67
TatsuyaAraiandKenichiSakaue
10 CharacterizationofFractureBehaviorofMulti-WalledCarbonNanotubeReinforcedCement
PasteUsingDigitalImageCorrelation................................................................................ 73
NimaZohhadi,BehradKoohbor,FabioMatta,andAddisKidane
11 CharacterizationofStructuralScaleDuctileFractureofAluminumPanelsUsingDigitalImage
Correlation............................................................................................................... 81
K.Nahshon,W.A.Hoffman,andC.B.Ullagaddi
12 CreepDamageQuantificationandPost-fireResidualStrengthof5083AluminumAlloy ...................... 89
Y.Chen,S.W.Case,andB.Y.Lattimer
13 NanoindentationMeasurementsonRocks............................................................................ 99
PriyavratShukla,ShantanuTaneja,CarlSondergeld,andChandraRai
14 AnelasticityinAl-AlloyThinFilms:AMicro-mechanicalAnalysis............................................... 107
J.P.M.Hoefnagels,L.I.J.C.Bergers,andM.G.D.Geers
15 OxideDrivenStrengthDegradationon(111)Silicon................................................................ 113
ScottJ.GrutzikandAlanT.Zehnder
vii
viii Contents
16 ImpactofSpecklePatternParametersonDICStrainResolutionCalculatedfromIn-situSEM
Experiments.............................................................................................................. 119
JenniferL.W.Carter,MichaelD.Uchic,andMichaelJ.Mills
17 Very High-Cycle Fatigue Resistance of Shot Peened High-Strength Aluminium Alloys:
RoleofSurfaceMorphology............................................................................................ 127
M.Benedetti,V.Fontanari,andM.Bandini
18 ExperimentalCharacterizationofSemi-RigidityofStandardizedLatticeBeamUsingtheGridMethod.... 139
EricFournely,RostandMoutouPitti,EvelyneToussaint,andMichelGrediac
19 CharacterizationofMartensiticTransformationMorphologyinWideHysteresisShapeMemoryAlloys ... 145
ReginaldF.Hamilton,AsheeshLanba,andOsmanOzbulut
20 StudyofPhaseTransformationIntermittencyinS.M.A.UsingtheGridMethod............................... 153
NoemiBarrera,XavierBalandraud,MichelGrédiac,PaoloBiscari,andGiovanniZanzotto
21 In-SituX-RaysDiffractionandMultiscaleModelingofShapeMemoryAlloys.................................. 157
M.D.Fall,O.Hubert,K.Lavernhe-Taillard,andA.Maynadier
22 FailureModeTransitioninFiberCompositeFatigue............................................................... 165
MohammadRasheduzzamanandM.N.Cavalli
23 FractureToughnessandImpactDamageResistanceofNanoreinforcedCarbon/EpoxyComposites......... 173
JoelS.FennerandIsaacM.Daniel
24 FatigueBehaviorofGlass-BubblesModifiedAdhesivelyBondedCompositeJoints ............................ 181
ErmiasG.Koricho,AntonKhomenko,andMahmoodulHaq
25 ExperimentalObservationsofDynamicDelaminationinCurved[0]and[0/90]CompositeLaminates...... 189
I.Uyar,M.A.Arca,B.Gozluklu,andD.Coker
26 FatigueFailureofPolyethyleneElectrofusionJointsSubjecttoContamination................................. 197
PedromTayefi,Stephen.B.M.Beck,andRachelA.Tomlinson
27 CreepCrackGrowthinHigh-TemperatureImpureHeliumEnvironments...................................... 203
D.Grierson,G.Cao,A.Glaudell,D.Kuettel,G.Fisher,P.Pezzi,P.Brooks,T.Allen,K.Sridharan,
andW.C.Crone
28 High-FrequencyResonancePhenomenainMaterialsSubjectedtoMechanicalStress ......................... 211
G.Lacidogna,B.Montrucchio,O.Borla,andA.Carpinteri
29 ElectromagneticEmissionasFailurePrecursorPhenomenonforSeismicActivityMonitoring ............... 221
O.Borla,G.Lacidogna,E.DiBattista,G.Niccolini,andA.Carpinteri
30 WirelessAcousticEmissionMonitoringofStructuralBehavior................................................... 231
A.Manuello,G.Lacidogna,G.Niccolini,andA.Carpinteri
31 AcousticEmissionMonitoringofRockSpecimensDuringFatigueTests......................................... 239
L.Zhou,A.Manuello,G.Lacidogna,R.Sesana,andA.Carpinteri
32 HybridthermographyandacousticemissiontestingoffatiguecrackpropagationinAluminumSamples... 247
C.Barile,C.Casavola,G.Pappalettera,andC.Pappalettere
Chapter 1
Simulation of Arbitrary Mixed-Mode Crack Growth Using
an Energy-Based Approach
B.R.Davis,P.A.Wawrzynek,andA.R.Ingraffea
Abstract A finite-element-based simulation technique is being developed to predict 3-D, arbitrary, non-planar evolution
of mixed-mode crack growth. The approach combines a geometrically explicit crack front re-meshing scheme, and an
energy-based growth formulation to predict extension magnitudes along the crack front. The technique also leverages a
new3-Dmixed-modeenergyreleaseratedecompositionusingthevirtualcrackextension(VCE)method.Theenergy-based
crackgrowthformulation,previouslyimplementedforplanarcrackgrowth,isextendedtonon-planargrowthsituationsby
employingabasis-functionapproachtodescribecrackfrontextensions.Ratherthandeterminingpoint-by-pointextensions,
calculatingagoverningfunctionalleviatesnumericalinfluencesonthecrackgrowthpredictions.Thesimulationtechnique
seekstomitigatecomputationallybiasedcrackgrowth,asfoundinprescribedandmeshdependentmethods,forexample.
Keywords Crackgrowth (cid:129) Energyreleaserate (cid:129) Mixed-mode (cid:129) Vir tualcrackextension (cid:129) Finite-elementanalysis
1.1 Introduction
Many finite-element-based techniques have been developed to simulate 3-D arbitrary crack growth in structural compo-
nents. Crack growth problems become inherently more difficult when complex loadings induce mixed-mode behavior.
The resultingcrack frontevolutioncould becomecurvedand tortuous.Utilizing a fracturemechanicsapproachto predict
such complicated crack shape advances requires three main components: (1) crack representation, (2) fracture parameter
calculations,and(3)crackextensionapplication.
Currently,theprominenttechniquesforsimulating3-D,mixed-mode,arbitrarycrackgrowthincludetheextendedfinite
element method (XFEM) [1–3], cohesive zone elements [4, 5], and explicit crack front re-meshing schemes [6–9]. Each
approachhasbeenwelldevelopedthroughouttheliterature,butasarticulatedin[10],sufferfromsomeformofcomputational
biasor requireinputonthe expectedcrackevolution.For example,cohesivezoneelementapproachespredictcrackpaths
thataregovernedbytheelementlocations,shapes,sizesandorientations.Insomecases,finiteelementmeshesaredesigned
toadheretotheexpectedgrowthpattern,contradictingthenotionofarbitrarycrackevolutionbylinkinganumericalartifact
(thefiniteelementmesh)withaphysicalphenomenon(crackgrowth).Alternatively,XFEMandre-meshingschemesoften
relyonuser-prescribedgrowthincrementstoadvancethefront.
Theuniquecrackgrowthsimulationtechniquedevelopedin[10]utilizesanewenergy-basedformulationthatallowsfor
the direct calculation of point-by-pointcrack front extensions. The formulation is derived from an energy expansion that
dependson the first ordervariationof the energyrelease rate.The variationof energyrelease rate, madereadilyavailable
viathevirtualcrackextension(VCE)method,actsasaninfluencefunctionrelatingchangesinenergyfromloadincrements
to changes in geometry along the crack front. This term provides a mechanics-based approach to extract explicit crack
extensions,avoidingtheneedtosupplyuser-prescribedmagnitudesofadvance.Thetechniquealsoemploysageometrically
explicit crack representation that is continually updated through re-meshing schemes. As a result, mesh biased growth
B.R.Davis((cid:2))(cid:129)P.A.Wawrzynek(cid:129)A.R.Ingraffea
SchoolofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,CornellUniversity,638RhodesHall,Ithaca,NY14853,USA
e-mail:[email protected]
J.CarrollandS.Daly(eds.),Fracture,Fatigue,Failure,andDamageEvolution,Volume5:Proceedingsofthe2014Annual 1
ConferenceonExperimentalandAppliedMechanics,ConferenceProceedingsoftheSocietyforExperimentalMechanicsSeries,
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-06977-7__1,©TheSocietyforExperimentalMechanics,Inc.2015