Table Of ContentFoundations of Art Therapy
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Foundations of Art
Therapy
Theory and Applications
Edited by
Meera Rastogi
Rachel Paige Feldwisch
Michelle Pate
Joseph Scarce
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Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and
experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or
medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in
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Dedication
We dedicate this book to our art therapy founders who
created such a rich field, to our students who teach us
something new every day, to our clients whose resilience
inspires the work we do, and to our families for their
continued support on this journey.
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Contents
Contributors xxi
About the Editors xxiii
Part I
Fundamentals of art therapy: Prepping the canvas
1. History, profession, and ethics of art therapy
Rachel Paige Feldwisch, PhD, MAAT, LMHC, ATR-BC
Chapter overview 3
What is art therapy? 4
A history of art therapy 6
Developments in psychology 7
A new focus in fine art 8
Movements in education 9
The emergence of art therapy in the United States 9
The emergence of art therapy in the United Kingdom 17
The emergence of art therapy in Canada 18
The emergence of art therapy in Australia 19
The emergence of art therapy in Israel 19
The emergence of art therapy throughout Asia 20
Art therapy today: A brief overview of recent trends 20
Professional associations 21
The American Art Therapy Association (AATA) 21
The British Association of Art Therapists (BAAT) 22
The Canadian Art Therapy Association (CATA-ACAT) 22
The Australian, New Zealand, and Asian Creative Arts Therapies
Association (ANZACATA) 22
International Expressive Arts Therapy Association (IEATA) 22
Ethical standards 23
Ethical principles for art therapists (AATA) 24
Case study: The art therapist and the board member 25
The profession of art therapy 26
Art experientials and reflection questions 26
vii
viii Contents
Additional resources 27
Videos and Films 27
Websites 27
Chapter terms 27
References 28
2. Understanding media: Laying the groundwork
for art-making
Molly O'Neill Haaga, PhD, ATR-BC, LPC and
Jennifer B. Schwartz, MAAT, ATR-BC, ATCS
Chapter overview 32
Art media foundations 32
Ancient media, ancient practice 32
Media understanding 33
Media selection and interaction 37
Art materials breakdown 45
Drawing 45
Painting 49
Clay 53
Printmaking 56
Fiber 59
Mixed-media sculpture 62
Sculpture media 63
Paper craft and collage 64
Technology-based media: Photography and digital art 69
Conclusions 72
Art experientials and reflection questions 72
Additional resources 73
Appendix 74
Chapter terms 75
References 75
3. Multicultural and diversity perspectives in art therapy:
Transforming image into substance
Stella A. Stepney, MS, ATR-BC, LCAT
Chapter overview 82
Introduction 82
United States demographics: The changing face of America 84
Understanding culture, race, and ethnicity in the
United States 85
Demographic trends and population projections in the
United States 87
Demographic trends in other multicultural populations
in the United States 87
Contents ix
Sexual orientation and gender identity 87
Income inequality and poverty 88
Health disparities 90
Marginalization 90
Sociopolitical barriers to equality and equity 91
Oppression 91
Microaggressions 91
Colorblind ideology 92
Privilege 92
Advocacy for social equality and equity in America 93
The Civil Rights Movement 93
The Women’s Rights Movement 94
The Gay Rights Movement 95
Cultural pluralism in America 95
Culturally responsive art therapy practice in America 96
Cultural identity in the United States 96
Cultural identity development in the United States 97
Racial, ethnic, cultural identity development in people
of color 97
White racial identity development 98
Sexual identity development 100
Intersectionality in the United States 102
Cultural dimensions in clinical assessment 102
ADDRESSING cultural influences 103
Sexual orientation: Coming out 104
Gender identity and sexuality 104
Cultural dimensions in clinical practice 106
Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DE&I) 106
Multicultural and diversity competence 107
Therapeutic alliance 107
Ethics 108
Cultural humility 108
Therapeutic intervention 109
Global literacy 110
Social action 110
Transforming image into substance 111
Conclusions 112
Art experientials and reflection questions 113
1: Self-assessment of identity privilege 113
2: Art experiential: Exploring gender identity and sexuality
through portraiture and mixed media 114
3: Assessment of multicultural and diversity competence
in art therapy 115
Additional resources 116
Chapter terms 117
References 118
